Movima language

Movima () is a language that is spoken by about 1,400 (nearly half) of the Movima, a group of Indigenous people of the Llanos de Moxos region of the Bolivian Amazon, in northeastern Bolivia. It is considered a language isolate, as it has not been proven to be related to any other language.

Locations Movima is spoken in the locations of 18 de Noviembre, 20 de Enero, Bella Flor, Buen Día, Carmen de Iruyañez, Carnavales, Ipimo, Miraflores, Navidad, San Lorenzo, and the town of Santa Ana del Yacuma. The Movima community reported that there are approximately 500 adult speakers as of 2012.

Phonology Movima has five vowels: + The vowels of Movima Front Central Back Close Mid Open and more closely resemble and , respectively, than the close-mid vowels and . Vowels have a phonemic length distinction, although some prosodic processes can lengthen otherwise short vowels. Movima does not have tone.

+ The consonants of Movima LabialAlveolarPalatalVelarGlottalmedianlateralplainlab.Nasal Stoppulmonic () ()implosive Fricative () Approximant Trill

The plosive is realized as in the syllable onset but as (which contrasts with the simple nasal phoneme ) in the coda. Similarly, and are realized as and (i.e., as a glottal stop with a vocalic release), respectively, in the syllable coda. In vowel-initial words and between adjacent vowels, an epenthetic glottal stop appears.

The phonemes and are only present in Spanish loanwords.

Morphology In Movima, compounding and incorporation are productive derivational processes. Reduplication and affixation, including some processes (such as the irrealis marker (k)a''') that resemble infixation, are also common. Typical examples of inflection, such as number, case, tense, mood, and aspect, are not obligatorily marked in Movima. Many derivational processes can be applied to a single Movima word. The same morpheme may appear multiple times in one word this way, for instance, tikoy-na-poj-na'' "I make X kill Y."

Movima language

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