Roane is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
Anthony Roane (died 1583), English politician Archibald Roane (1769–1819), 2nd Governor of Tennessee John Roane (1766–1838), American politician John Roane (1794–1869), American politician John Roane (1817–1867), 4th Governor of Arkansas Spencer Roane (1762–1822), American jurist William Roane (1787–1845), American politician
See also Roane County (disambiguation) Justice Roane (disambiguation)