Andi language

Andi is a Northeast Caucasian language belonging to the Avar–Andic branch spoken by about 5,800 ethnic Andi (2010) in the Botlikh region of Dagestan. The language is spoken in the villages Andi (along the river Andi-Koisu),The peoples of the Red Book: Akhvakhs Gunkha, Gagatl, Ashali, Rikvani, Chanko, Zilo, and Kvanxidatl.

Dialects There are four main dialects, Munin, Rikvani, Kvanxidatl, and Gagatl, which appear quite divergent. However, the dialects can be said to vary between villages: the "upper-group" contains Andi, Gagatl, Rikvani, and Zilo (where Andi and Zilo are considered their own dialects), whereas the "lower-group" contains Munin and Kvanxidatl. The upper-group lacks the affricate sound .

Phonology Andi has 43 consonants:

Labial Dental/alveolar Post-alveolar/palatal Velar Uvular Pharyngeal/Glottallenisfortislenisfortislenisfortislenisfortis Nasal Plosive voiceless voiced ejective Affricate voiceless voiced ejective Fricativevoiceless voiced () Lateral continuant affricate Trill Approximant

There are five vowels: .

Orthography Although Andi is usually unwritten, there are attempts to write the language using Russian Cyrillic script. Speakers generally use Avar or Russian as their literary language(s). There have been some 19th-century texts written in Andi.

The 2015 translation of the Gospel of Luke uses the following alphabet: А а, Б б, В в, Г г, Гъ гъ, Гъгъ гъгъ, Гь гь, Д д, Е е, Ё ё, Ж ж, ЖӀ жӀ, З з, И и, Й й, К к, Кк кк, Къ къ, Кь кь, КӀ кӀ, КӀкӀ кӀкӀ, Л л, Лъ лъ, Лълъ лълъ, М м, Н н, О о, П п, Р р, С с, Сс сс, Т т, ТӀ тӀ, У у, Ф ф, Х х, Хх хх, Хъ хъ, Хь хь, Ц ц, Цц цц, ЦӀ цӀ, ЦӀцӀ цӀцӀ, Ч ч, Чч чч, ЧӀ чӀ, ЧӀчӀ чӀчӀ, Ш ш, Щ щ, ъ, ы, ь, Э э, Ю ю, Я я

A 2018 primer uses the following alphabet: А аБ бВ вГ гГӀ гӀГь гьГъ гъГъӀ гъӀД дЕ еЁ ёЖ жЖъ жъЖъӀ жъӀЗ зИ иЙ йК кКӀ кӀКь кьКъ къКъӀ къӀЛ лЛӀ лӀЛь льЛъ лъЛъӀ лъӀМ мН нО оП пПӀ пӀР рС сТ тТӀ тӀУ уФ фХ хХӀ хӀХь хьХъ хъЦ цЦӀ цӀЦъӀ цъӀЧ чЧӀ чӀЧъӀ чъӀШ шЩ щЪ ъЬ ьӀЭ эЮ юЯ я

Grammar Andi has 7 different series of localization: the meaning "inside" changes by number (singular , plural : 'in a home', 'in houses'). Number categories are expressed through ablaut ( 'The father found the brother', but 'The father found the brothers'). In the village Andi, there is a difference between the speech of men and women; a man will say, for example, meaning 'I', meaning 'you', 'person', but a woman will say 'I', 'you', 'person'.

References

Andi language

Bron en licentie