The East Strickland or Strickland River languages are a family of Papuan languages.
Languages The East Strickland languages actually form a language continuum. Shaw (1986) recognizes six languages, which are:Shaw, Daniel. 1986. The Bosavi language family. In Papers in New Guinea Linguistics 24, 45-76. Canberra: Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies, Australian National University. (Papers in New Guinea linguistics No. 24, 45-76).(NewGuineaWorld) Upper: Fembe (Agala), Konai Odoodee (Tomu) Central/Middle: Gobasi (Nomad), Kubo, Samo (Daba)
Gobasi, Odoodee and Samo, but especially Gobasi, are also known as "Nomad".
Pronouns Pronouns are:
! !!sg!!du!!pl |- !1 |*na, *ã||*o-li, *a-la||*oi |- !2 |*nõ||*nĩ-le||*nĩ |- !3 |*yõ||*i-le||*yã, *di
Vocabulary comparison The following basic vocabulary words are from McElhanon & Voorhoeve (1970),McElhanon, K.A. and Voorhoeve, C.L. The Trans-New Guinea Phylum: Explorations in deep-level genetic relationships. B-16, vi + 112 pages. Pacific Linguistics, The Australian National University, 1970. Shaw (1973),Shaw, R.D. "A Tentative Classification of the Languages of the Mt Bosavi Region". In Franklin, K. editor, The linguistic situation in the Gulf District and adjacent areas, Papua New Guinea. C-26:187-215. Pacific Linguistics, The Australian National University, 1973. and Shaw (1986),Shaw, R.D. "The Bosavi language family". In Laycock, D., Seiler, W., Bruce, L., Chlenov, M., Shaw, R.D., Holzknecht, S., Scott, G., Nekitel, O., Wurm, S.A., Goldman, L. and Fingleton, J. editors, Papers in New Guinea Linguistics No. 24. A-70:45-76. Pacific Linguistics, The Australian National University, 1986. as cited in the Trans-New Guinea database.
The words cited constitute translation equivalents, whether they are cognate (e.g. ulugib, ulukib, ulʌkib for “head”) or not (e.g. dob, helehai, tano for “one”).
gloss Fembe Gobasi(Oibae dial.) Gobasi(Bibo dial.) Gobasi(Honibo dial.) Gobasi Konai Kubo Odoodee(Hesif dial.) Odoodee(Kalamo dial.) Samo head widua; wɔdiɔ ulugib ukib; ulukib uligib ulʌkib wudio odiu; wodio; wodiyo uľugi wiligi ukibi; ulagibi; ulʌgibi hair wigiduae; wɔdiɔ tɔwɔ orɔwɔ otowa; tawa utoʌ; utowa o dɔsɔ wudio towe tɔwɛ; wodio toi; wodiyo toi uľu tu wudu otowa; tawa; ulʌgibi ear du dulu dul; duːr dulu dulo kʌhẽ du; duwëw dulu dulu duli; duːri eye d̲iho; gihã hiɔ hĩãwã; hio̧w hiɔ; hiyo hiɔ̃ dihɔ diəhã; diho̧; dihō hɔwɔ̃ hɔ̃wɔ̃ hĩãwã; hĩɔwɔ; hi̧yowo nose go; migiyao mi mina; mini mi̧ni; mĩni mina mɔkwã mi mɔdu mudu mini; mi̧ni; mĩnĩ tooth maeow; meyɔ mɔɛ mo̧i moi; mɔi mɔi mẽ mɔ̃yə̃; moyo; mɔyɔ mei mɛ̃ mɔ̃yə̃; moyo̧; mɔ̃yɔ̃ tongue e; i ilɪ il(i); iri ili ili i i; iː i i mȩnema̧ni; mẽnɛmãnĩ; meremai leg abogo; ɔbɔgɔ̃ hɔm homo hom; hɔm hɔma ɔbɔgɔ̃ obogo; ɔbɔgɔ hɔmɔ hɔmɔ̃ homo; hɔmɔ̃ louse ou; ɔ̃u ɔm om om om ɔ̃u o̧u̧; oū ɔu õu o̧u̧; õu; õw dog sɔ; sou sɔf sof; sɔf sof; sɔf sɔf sɔ so; sɔ sɔ sɔ sɔfo; sofu; sɔfu pig wai bɔɛ bɔi bɔi wai ʔo bɛ be bɔyɔ bird siu; siyɔ sikɪ sigo si sigɔ siɔ siu; siyu ɔsigɔ sɔʔ sigo; sigɔ egg sioho; siyɔ hɔ si kɔlɔ holo hol; si hɔl wigɔ hɔlɔ siɔ hɔ hoo; siu ho sɔʔ hɔ sɔʔ hɔ holo; sigɔ hɔlɔ blood iyou; ɔyɔ sʌh so̧ho̧u sahau sõho kafi ayo sãwɔ̃ kegãye ayo; ayu bone dio; diɔ kiːp kib; kiːb; kibi kib kib diɔ dio; diu; diyo ki ki kibi skin golo; kɔ̃fɔ̃ya kɔrɔᵽ kiari; sib kolof; kɔlɔf kɔlɔf kɔlɔ kolo; kɔlɔ; kɔrɔ kulɔ kɔlɔ kolofu; kɔlɔfu; kɔrɔfu; sibi breast bu tɔ̃ː tol; tor bu tɔnu bu bu tɔ̃ to bu tree habe; hebẽ hɔmɔlɔ homu homol; hɔmɔl hɔmɔ̃n hʌbe home; hɔme hɔmɔ hɔmɔ hɔmãnẽ; home man o; or ɔs os os os ɔ o ɔľu ɔlɔga oso; ouson woman dobas̲ie; sʌbɔ sãi uliɔ uliya uliʌ; uliya uliʌ sʌsai sobo; sɔbɔ subɔ sɔbɔ sobo; sɔbɔ sun aso; ʌsɔ̃ ɔ̃s a̧s; ãs o̧s; õːs õs ʌsɔ ãsã; o̧so̧; ōsō ɔsugɔ osigɔ̃ ãsã; oso̧; ɔ̃sɔ̃ moon ʌgwa; oguao ɔgɔ aib ɔgwʌ; ogwa ogɔ ʌgwɔ ogwʌ; ogwa a nɔ̃ligɔ ogwʌ; ogwa water hoi; hwɔ̃e hɔu hãu; ho̧u̧ hãũ; ho̧u̧ hõ hwẽi hũi; hũĩ; hwi̧; hwī hɔ̃wɔ̃ hɔ̃wɔ̃ hõ; ho̧u̧; hũ fire dou; dɔu dɔlu dau; dolu dolu; dɔlu dɔbu dou dou; dɔu; dow dɔu dɔu dolo; dɔlɔ; dɔrɔ stone yaw; yɔu yɔ yo yo yo yo yo; yɔ yɔ yo yo road, path ori ai ari name hũ; husolo hũ hu̧ti; hũti hũni hũ hũ; hu̧ti; hũti hũ hũ; hu̧ti; hũti eat nale; nɔlu nɔwal na- nowal; nɔwal nɔwalaga nɔlu na; naiɔ; naiyo nelaːbugɔ nãye na; na̧la; nãla one dano; sisãfe helɛ dob helehai hele tano tano; tanɔ hɔmakɔna dihɔ̃ helenu; helenũ two balo; sisãma bena behino̧w bẽnabugu; bȩnabugu bihinɔ̃n bʌnɔu beaũ; beya̧u̧ wɔlugu hɔma kɔna bȩnau; bẽnãu
Evolution Proposed East Strickland reflexes of proto-Trans-New Guinea (pTNG) etyma are:
Samo language: (da)subu ‘ashes’ < *sumbu si- ‘burn’ < *nj(a,e,i)- na- ‘eat’ < *na- magara ‘mouth’ < *maŋgat[a] korofu ‘skin’ < *(ŋg,k)a(n,t)apu mere(ma) ‘tongue’ < *me(l,n)e mini ‘nose’ < *mundu
Bibo language: (da)suf ‘ashes’ < *sumbu
Agala language: fulu(ma) ali ‘to fly’ < *pululu-
References