Mandeali (Takri: ) is a Western Pahari language, spoken in northern India, predominantly in the Mandi district of Himachal Pradesh by the people of the Mandi Valley and particularly in the major city of Mandi. Other spellings for the name are Mandiyali and Mandiali. UNESCO reports it is one of the highly endangered languages of India. Speakers of the dialect have decreased by 21% from 1961 to 2001.
The language is distantly related to Kullui. The Chambealic varieties are often considered separate languages, but at least some are 90–95% intelligible with Mandeali proper. Its sub-dialect are different than Mandeali.
Dialects
Preliminary survey suggests speakers have functional intelligibility of Kangri. People in southeast Mandi district may have more difficulty understanding Kangri. Standard Mandeali is spoken throughout the broad valley running north and south from Jogindernagar to Sundarnagar. Mandeali Pahari is spoken north around Barot, east of Uhl River. Intelligible with difficulty to standard Mandeali. May be intermediate variety between Mandeali and Kullui. The dialect is very close to the Kullvi spoken in neighbouring lug valley region of Kullu district and are culturally, linguistically closer to Kullu. Southeast district contains transition to Mahasui. The dialect spoken is also sometimes referred as Suketi or dialect of Outer Seraj Area as dialect is an intermediate variety of Kullvi and Upper Mahasuvi of neighbouring Shimla and Kullu district. In the west, Sarkaghat is also a bit different from standard Mandeali, perhaps forming a transition towards Hamirpur and Bilaspur areas. Lexical similarity: 89% with Palampuri dialect of Kangri, 83% with Chambeali.
Phonology
Consonants LabialDentalAlveolarRetroflexPost-alv./PalatalVelarGlottalPlosive / AffricatevoicelessptʈtʃkaspriatedpʰtʰʈʰtʃʰkʰvoicedbdɖdʒɡbreathybʱdʱɖʱdʒʱɡʱFricativevoicelesss(ʃ)ɦvoicedNasalmnɳ(ŋ)LaterallɭTrill/Taprɽ ɽʱApproximantjw
[ŋ] is heard when a nasal occurs before velar stops. [f] can be heard as an allophone of pʰ. Aspirated versions of m, n,ɳ, l,ɭ, r, w can be considered as separate phonemes.
Vowels The vowels of Mandeali language are shown below. FrontCentral Back Closei iːu uːMid(e) eːə əː(o) oːOpen-midɛːɔːOpenaː
Grammar
Nouns Mandeali distinguishes two genders (Masculine and feminine), two numbers (Singular and plural) and four cases of direct, oblique, vocative, and ergative. Oblique also serves as locative and ergative also performs the function of instrumental. Nouns may be further divided into extended and unextended declensional subtypes, with the former characteristically consisting of masculines ending in unaccented -ā and feminines in -ī.
The following tables displays the suffix paradigms.
+Masculine Dir. Obl. Voc. Erg. unEx. Sing. -ā -𑚁 -ē -𑚆 Pl. -ā -𑚁 -ō -𑚈 -ē -𑚆 Ex. Sing. -ā -𑚁 -ē -𑚆 -ĕā -𑚆𑚁 -ē -𑚆 Pl. -ē -𑚆 -ĕā -𑚆𑚁 -ĕō -𑚆𑚈 -ē -𑚆+Feminine Dir. Obl. Voc. Erg. Sing. -ē -𑚆 -ē -𑚆 Pl. -ā -𑚁 -ō -𑚈 -ē -𑚆
The following table of noun declensions shows those suffix paradigms in action. Examples include ghōṛā "stallion", mhaṭhī "girl" (also referred to as "maṭṭhī" or in takri "𑚢𑚔𑚶𑚕𑚯"), ghəːr "house", kāndh "wall".
+Extended Dir. Obl. Voc. Erg. Masc. Sing.ghōṛā𑚍𑚴𑚪𑚭ghōṛe 𑚍𑚴𑚪𑚲ghōṛĕā 𑚍𑚴𑚪𑚲𑚣𑚭ghōṛe 𑚍𑚴𑚪𑚲 Pl.ghōṛe 𑚍𑚴𑚪𑚲ghōṛĕā 𑚍𑚴𑚪𑚲𑚣𑚭ghōṛĕō 𑚍𑚴𑚪𑚲𑚣𑚴ghōṛē 𑚍𑚴𑚪𑚲 Fem. Sing.mhaṭhī 𑚢𑚶𑚩𑚕𑚯mhaṭhī(ā) 𑚢𑚶𑚩𑚕𑚯(𑚣𑚭)mhaṭhīē 𑚢𑚶𑚩𑚕𑚯𑚆mhaṭhīē 𑚢𑚶𑚩𑚕𑚯𑚆 Pl.mhaṭhīā 𑚢𑚶𑚩𑚕𑚯𑚣𑚭mhaṭhīō 𑚢𑚶𑚩𑚕𑚯𑚣𑚴mhaṭhīē 𑚢𑚶𑚩𑚕𑚯𑚆+Unextended Dir. Obl. Voc. Erg. Masc. Sing.ghar 𑚍𑚤gharā 𑚍𑚤𑚭gharā 𑚍𑚤𑚭gharē 𑚍𑚤𑚲 Pl.ghar 𑚍𑚤gharā 𑚍𑚤𑚭gharō 𑚍𑚤𑚴gharē 𑚍𑚤𑚲 Fem. Sing.kāndh 𑚊𑚭𑚫𑚜kāndhā 𑚊𑚭𑚫𑚜𑚭kāndhē 𑚊𑚭𑚫𑚜𑚲kāndhē 𑚊𑚭𑚫𑚜𑚲 Pl.kāndhā 𑚊𑚭𑚫𑚜𑚭kāndhō 𑚊𑚭𑚫𑚜𑚴kāndhē 𑚊𑚭𑚫𑚜𑚲
Adjectives Adjectives may be divided into declinable and indeclinable categories. Declinable adjectives have endings that change by the gender, number and case of the noun that they qualify. Declinable adjective have endings that are similar but much simpler than those of nouns:
Sing. Pl.Declin. Masc. Dir. -ā-𑚁 -ē-𑚆 Obl. -ē-𑚆 -ē-𑚆 Fem. -ī-𑚃 -ī-𑚃Indeclin.
Indeclinable adjectives are invariable and can end in either consonants or vowels (including ā and ī ). The direct masculine singular (-ā) is the citation form. Most adjectives ending in consonants are indeclinable.
+Declinable adjective bānkā (𑚠𑚭𑚫𑚊𑚭) "good" in attributive use Dir. Obl. Voc. Erg. Masc. Sing.bānkā ghōṛā 𑚠𑚭𑚫𑚊𑚭 𑚍𑚴𑚪𑚭bānkē ghōṛē𑚠𑚭𑚫𑚊𑚲 𑚍𑚴𑚪𑚲bānkē ghoṛĕā𑚠𑚭𑚫𑚊𑚲 𑚍𑚴𑚪𑚲𑚁bānkē ghōṛē 𑚠𑚭𑚫𑚊𑚲 𑚍𑚴𑚪𑚲 Pl.bānkē ghōṛē𑚠𑚭𑚫𑚊𑚲 𑚍𑚴𑚪𑚲bānkē ghōṛĕā𑚠𑚭𑚫𑚊𑚲 𑚍𑚴𑚪𑚲𑚁 bānkē ghōṛĕō 𑚠𑚭𑚫𑚊𑚲 𑚍𑚴𑚪𑚲𑚈bānkē ghōṛē
𑚠𑚭𑚫𑚊𑚲 𑚍𑚴𑚪𑚲 Fem. Sing.bānkī mhaṭhī𑚠𑚭𑚫𑚊𑚯 𑚢𑚶𑚩𑚕𑚯bānkī mhaṭhīē𑚠𑚭𑚫𑚊𑚯 𑚢𑚶𑚩𑚕𑚯𑚆bānkī mhaṭhīē 𑚠𑚭𑚫𑚊𑚯 𑚢𑚶𑚩𑚕𑚯𑚆 Pl.bānkī mhaṭhīā 𑚠𑚭𑚫𑚊𑚯 𑚢𑚶𑚩𑚕𑚯𑚁bānkī mhaṭhīō𑚠𑚭𑚫𑚊𑚯 𑚢𑚶𑚩𑚕𑚯𑚈bānkī mhaṭhīē 𑚠𑚭𑚫𑚊𑚯 𑚢𑚶𑚩𑚕𑚯𑚆 Dir. Obl. Voc. Erg. Masc. Sing.bānkā ghar𑚠𑚭𑚫𑚊𑚭 𑚍𑚤 bānkē gharā 𑚠𑚭𑚫𑚊𑚲 𑚍𑚤𑚭bānkē gharā𑚠𑚭𑚫𑚊𑚲 𑚍𑚤𑚭bānkē gharē𑚠𑚭𑚫𑚊𑚲 𑚍𑚤𑚲 Pl.bānkē ghar 𑚠𑚭𑚫𑚊𑚲 𑚍𑚤bānkē gharā 𑚠𑚭𑚫𑚊𑚲 𑚍𑚤𑚭bānkē gharō 𑚠𑚭𑚫𑚊𑚲 𑚍𑚤𑚴bānkē gharē 𑚠𑚭𑚫𑚊𑚲 𑚍𑚤𑚲 Fem. Sing.bānkī kāndh 𑚠𑚭𑚫𑚊𑚯 𑚊𑚭𑚫𑚜bānkī kāndhā 𑚠𑚭𑚫𑚊𑚯 𑚊𑚭𑚫𑚜𑚭bānkī kāndhē 𑚠𑚭𑚫𑚊𑚯 𑚊𑚭𑚫𑚜𑚲 bānkī kāndhē 𑚠𑚭𑚫𑚊𑚯 𑚊𑚭𑚫𑚜𑚲 Pl.bānkī kāndhā 𑚠𑚭𑚫𑚊𑚯 𑚊𑚭𑚫𑚜𑚭bānkī kāndhō 𑚠𑚭𑚫𑚊𑚯 𑚊𑚭𑚫𑚜𑚴bānkī kāndhē 𑚠𑚭𑚫𑚊𑚯 𑚊𑚭𑚫𑚜𑚲
+Indeclinable adjective लाल "red" in attributive use Dir. Obl. Voc. Erg. Masc. Sing.lāl ghōṛā𑚥𑚭𑚥 𑚍𑚴𑚪𑚭 lāl ghōṛē 𑚥𑚭𑚥 𑚍𑚴𑚪𑚲lāl ghōṛē 𑚥𑚭𑚥 𑚍𑚴𑚪𑚲lāl ghōṛē 𑚥𑚭𑚥 𑚍𑚴𑚪𑚲 Pl.lāl ghōṛē𑚥𑚭𑚥 𑚍𑚴𑚪𑚲lāl ghōṛeā𑚥𑚭𑚥 𑚍𑚴𑚪𑚲𑚁lāl ghōṛeā 𑚥𑚭𑚥 𑚍𑚴𑚪𑚲𑚁lāl ghōṛē 𑚥𑚭𑚥 𑚍𑚴𑚪𑚲 Fem. Sing.lāl mhaṭhī 𑚥𑚭𑚥 𑚢𑚶𑚩𑚕𑚯lāl mhaṭhīē 𑚥𑚭𑚥 𑚢𑚶𑚩𑚕𑚯𑚆lāl mhaṭhīē 𑚥𑚭𑚥 𑚢𑚶𑚩𑚕𑚯𑚆 Pl.lāl mhaṭhīā 𑚥𑚭𑚥 𑚢𑚶𑚩𑚕𑚯𑚁lāl mhaṭhīō 𑚥𑚭𑚥 𑚢𑚶𑚩𑚕𑚯𑚈lāl mhaṭhīē 𑚥𑚭𑚥 𑚢𑚶𑚩𑚕𑚯𑚆 Dir. Obl. Voc. Erg. Masc. Sing. lāl ghar𑚥𑚭𑚥 𑚍𑚤lāl gharā𑚥𑚭𑚥 𑚍𑚤𑚭 lāl gharā𑚥𑚭𑚥 𑚍𑚤𑚭lāl gharē𑚥𑚭𑚥 𑚍𑚤𑚲 Pl.lāl ghar𑚥𑚭𑚥 𑚍𑚤lāl gharā 𑚥𑚭𑚥 𑚍𑚤𑚭lāl gharō 𑚥𑚭𑚥 𑚍𑚤𑚴lāl gharē 𑚥𑚭𑚥 𑚍𑚤𑚲 Fem. Sing.lāl kāndh𑚥𑚭𑚥 𑚊𑚭𑚫𑚜lāl kāndhā 𑚥𑚭𑚥 𑚊𑚭𑚫𑚜𑚭lāl kāndhē𑚥𑚭𑚥 𑚊𑚭𑚫𑚜𑚲 lāl kāndhē 𑚥𑚭𑚥 𑚊𑚭𑚫𑚜𑚲 Pl.lāl kāndhā𑚥𑚭𑚥 𑚊𑚭𑚫𑚜𑚭lāl kāndhō𑚥𑚭𑚥 𑚊𑚭𑚫𑚜𑚴lāl kāndhē 𑚥𑚭𑚥 𑚊𑚭𑚫𑚜𑚲
Postpositions Mandeali uses a system of particles, known as postpositions. Their use with a noun or verb requires the noun or verb to take the oblique case, and they are the locus of grammatical function, or "case-marking"
Transliteration Takri FunctionsUsed alone rā, rī, rē 𑚤𑚭,𑚤𑚯,𑚤𑚲 genitive marker; declines like an adjective. Example: "X rā/rī/etc. Y" means "X's Y", with rā/rī/etc. agreeing with Y. jō 𑚑𑚴 marks the indirect object (dative marker), or, if definite, the direct object (accusative marker). Often contracted to 𑚈 e.g. 𑚙𑚰𑚨𑚶𑚨𑚲 𑚑𑚴 (tusse jo) to 𑚙𑚰𑚨𑚶𑚨𑚴 (tussau) lā/lē/tē 𑚥𑚭/𑚥𑚲/𑚙𑚲 ablative marker, "from" khō/khā 𑚋𑚴/𑚋𑚭 orientative marker; "towards" minjh 𑚢𑚮𑚫𑚒 inessive marker, "in." Often contracted to 'anjh tik,tikkar 𑚙𑚮𑚊/𑚙𑚮𑚊𑚶𑚊𑚤 terminative marker, "until, up to"bich𑚠𑚮𑚏 inessive marker, "in." Often contracted to ach e.g 𑚢𑚘𑚶𑚖𑚯 𑚠𑚯𑚏 (Maṇḍī bich) to 𑚢𑚘𑚶𑚖𑚯𑚀𑚏 (Maṇḍīach) May use a secondary preposition kanē/sāugī 𑚊𑚝𑚲/𑚨𑚭𑚄𑚌𑚯 comitative marker, "with" Often contracted to nē/kē gās 𑚌𑚭𑚨 superessive marker, "on" or "at." bālē 𑚠𑚭𑚥𑚲 possessive marker; "with" (as in possession) e.g. म्हठीया बाले "in the girl's possession." bārē 𑚠𑚭𑚤𑚲 "about" kaṭhē 𑚊𑚕𑚲 benefactive marker; "for" sāhī̃ 𑚨𑚭𑚩𑚯𑚫 comparative marker; "like" (in resemblance) bājhī 𑚠𑚭𑚒𑚯 abessive marker; "without" bālē/nēḍē 𑚠𑚭𑚥𑚲/𑚝𑚲𑚖𑚲 "near" lāgē 𑚥𑚭𑚌𑚲 apudessive marker; "adjacent/next to" bhītar 𑚡𑚯𑚙𑚤 "inside" bāhar 𑚠𑚭𑚩𑚤 "outside"Other postpositions are adverbs, following their obliqued targets either directly or with the inflected genitive linker rē; e.g. ghōṛē (rē) kanē/sāugī "with the stallion". But nowadays it's more common to not use the genitive linker rē
Pronouns The pronouns of Mandeali for different persons and numbers are as follows:
Person Number Mandeali IPA 1st Singular 𑚩𑚭𑚅𑚫 ɦaːũ Plural 𑚁𑚨𑚶𑚨𑚲 asːe 2nd Singular 𑚙𑚱 tu Plural 𑚙𑚰𑚨𑚶𑚨𑚲 t̪usːe 3rd Proximate Singular 𑚆 / 𑚣𑚲 eː / jeː Plural 𑚣𑚴𑚫 jõː 3rd Distal Singular 𑚨𑚲 seː Plural 𑚨𑚶𑚣𑚴𑚫 sjõː
Noun Cases
Using the noun 𑚍𑚤 (/gʱəːr/, "home") as an example, the cases in Mandeali are:
Case Mandeali Hindi Equivalent English Equivalent Nominative 𑚍𑚤 घर home Accusative 𑚍𑚤𑚴 / 𑚍𑚤𑚭 𑚑𑚴 घर को to home Ergative 𑚍𑚤𑚲 घर ने (by) home Comitative 𑚍𑚤𑚭 𑚊𑚲 / 𑚍𑚤𑚭 𑚊𑚝𑚶𑚝𑚲 / 𑚍𑚤𑚭 𑚨𑚭𑚄𑚌𑚯 घर के साथ with home Instrumental 𑚍𑚤𑚭 𑚥𑚲 / 𑚍𑚤𑚭 𑚥𑚭 घर से through home Dative 𑚍𑚤𑚭 𑚊𑚔𑚶𑚕𑚲 घर के लिए for home Ablative 𑚍𑚤𑚭 𑚥𑚲 / 𑚍𑚤𑚭 𑚥𑚭 घर से from home Genitive 𑚍𑚤𑚭 𑚤𑚭 / 𑚤𑚲 / 𑚤𑚯 घर का / की / के of home
Locatives Case Mandeali Hindi Equivalent English Equivalent Inessive 𑚍𑚤𑚭 / 𑚍𑚤𑚭 𑚢𑚫𑚒 / 𑚍𑚤 𑚠𑚮𑚏 / 𑚍𑚤𑚀𑚏 घर में in (home) Adessive 𑚍𑚤𑚭 𑚌𑚭𑚨 / 𑚞𑚶𑚤𑚣𑚭𑚥𑚶𑚩𑚲 / 𑚞𑚤 घर पर on (home)
Others Case Mandeali Hindi Equivalent English Equivalent Vocative 𑚍𑚤𑚭 (sing.) / 𑚍𑚤𑚴 (pl.) ओ घर O home Similative 𑚍𑚤𑚭 𑚨𑚭𑚫𑚩𑚯𑚫 घर जैसा similar to home Terminative 𑚍𑚤𑚭 𑚙𑚮𑚊𑚶𑚊𑚤 / 𑚙𑚮𑚊 घर तक up to home
Numerals
Numeral MandealiTransliteration 1 𑚆𑚊𑚶𑚊 ekk 2 𑚛𑚰𑚃 duī 3 𑚙𑚶𑚤𑚭𑚆 trāe 4 𑚏𑚭𑚤 chār 5 𑚞𑚭𑚫𑚑 pānj 6 𑚐𑚲𑚩 chheh 7 𑚨𑚭𑚙𑚶𑚙 sātt 8 𑚁𑚕 āṭh 9 𑚝𑚵 nau 10 𑚛𑚨 das11𑚌𑚶𑚣𑚭𑚤𑚭gyārā12𑚠𑚭𑚤𑚭bārā13𑚙𑚲𑚩𑚤𑚭tehrā14𑚏𑚄𑚛𑚭chaudā15𑚞𑚫𑚛𑚶𑚤𑚭 pandrā16𑚨𑚴𑚥𑚷𑚭soḷā17𑚨𑚙𑚭𑚤𑚭satārā18𑚕𑚭𑚤𑚭 ṭhārā19𑚄𑚝𑚶𑚝𑚯unni20𑚠𑚯𑚩bīh
Script The native script of the language is a variety of Takri called Mandeali Takri.
Vocabulary
Samples Words/phrases Transliteration Meaning 𑚑𑚳𑚛𑚣𑚭 jaidyā Hello/Salutation 𑚊𑚲𑚚𑚯 kethī Where? 𑚊𑚯 kī Why? 𑚊𑚮𑚩𑚶𑚣𑚭𑚫 kihyān How? 𑚊𑚲𑚨𑚤𑚭/𑚊𑚴𑚨𑚤𑚭 kosrā/kesrā Whose? 𑚊𑚰𑚘 kuṇ Who? 𑚊𑚲𑚙𑚶𑚤𑚭 ketrā How many?𑚊𑚲𑚖𑚶𑚖𑚭keḍḍāHow much? 𑚊𑚲𑚪𑚲 𑚩𑚲 𑚙𑚰𑚨𑚶𑚨𑚲? keṛhe he tusse? How are you ? 𑚊𑚲𑚚𑚯 𑚑𑚴 𑚥𑚌𑚯𑚤𑚲 𑚑𑚭𑚫𑚛𑚲? kethī jo lagīre jānde? Where are you going? 𑚊𑚶𑚣𑚭 𑚩𑚰𑚃 𑚌𑚶𑚣𑚭? kyā huī gyā? What happened? 𑚙𑚰𑚨𑚶𑚨𑚭𑚤𑚭 𑚝𑚭𑚈𑚫 𑚊𑚶𑚣𑚭 𑚩𑚭? tussārā nāõ kyā hā? What is your name?𑚩𑚭𑚫𑚖𑚘𑚭 𑚛𑚲 𑚢𑚭𑚫𑚑𑚴 𑚙𑚱।hāṇdṇā de mānjo tū.Let me walk. 𑚊𑚲𑚚𑚯 𑚥𑚭/𑚙𑚲 𑚁𑚃𑚤𑚲 𑚙𑚰𑚨𑚶𑚨𑚲? kethī lā/te āīre tusse? From where have you come?
Names of months Traditionally, the month formats is based on Hindu calendar. +List of Months in Mandeali MandealiTransliterationEnglish𑚏𑚂𑚙𑚤chaitarMarch–April𑚠𑚨𑚭𑚋basākhApril–May𑚑𑚲𑚕jeṭhMay–June𑚩𑚭𑚩𑚶𑚪hāhṛJune–July𑚨𑚭𑚈𑚘sāoṇJuly–August𑚡𑚭𑚛𑚶𑚤𑚴bhādroAugust–September𑚨𑚵𑚑saujSeptember–October𑚊𑚭𑚙𑚊kātakOctober–November𑚢𑚫𑚌𑚨𑚤mangsarNovember–December𑚞𑚵𑚨pausDecember–January𑚢𑚭𑚍māghJanuary–February𑚟𑚭𑚌𑚘phāgaṇFebruary–March
Names of days Days are generally indic. +List of days in MandealiMandealiTransliterationEnglish𑚙𑚶𑚦𑚭𑚤TwārSunday𑚨𑚴𑚢𑚠𑚭𑚤SombārMonday𑚢𑚫𑚌𑚥𑚷𑚠𑚭𑚤MangaḷbārTuesday𑚠𑚰𑚛𑚶𑚜𑚠𑚭𑚤BuddhbārWednesday𑚠𑚯𑚤𑚠𑚭𑚤BīrvaarThursday𑚨𑚰𑚊𑚶𑚊𑚤𑚠𑚭𑚤SukkarbārFriday𑚨𑚝𑚮𑚏𑚤SanicharSaturday •Twār is a loan word from Urdu (Itwār)
Sample text
This sample text is a translated version of the fable "A Thirsty Crow" .
Tankri 𑚆𑚊 𑚠𑚭𑚤𑚯 𑚆𑚊 𑚊𑚭𑚈 𑚚𑚭। 𑚙𑚲𑚨𑚑𑚴 (𑚙𑚲𑚒𑚴) 𑚊𑚠𑚥𑚭 𑚨𑚴𑚸 𑚥𑚌𑚯𑚤𑚭 𑚚𑚭। 𑚞𑚭𑚘𑚯 𑚔𑚴𑚥𑚷𑚝𑚲 𑚊𑚔𑚶𑚕𑚲 𑚨𑚲 𑚈𑚤𑚲 𑚞𑚤𑚲 𑚥𑚌𑚯𑚤𑚭 𑚚𑚭 𑚄𑚖𑚛𑚭। 𑚸𑚤𑚯 𑚠𑚲𑚤𑚭 𑚙𑚮𑚊 𑚄𑚖𑚰𑚁𑚫 𑚠𑚯 𑚙𑚲𑚒𑚴 𑚞𑚭𑚘𑚯 𑚝𑚯𑚫 𑚢𑚮𑚥𑚣𑚭, 𑚚𑚊𑚰𑚁𑚫 𑚨𑚲 𑚆𑚊𑚯 𑚖𑚴𑚩𑚤𑚯𑚣𑚭 𑚠𑚪𑚣𑚭, 𑚙𑚭 𑚙𑚲𑚚𑚯 𑚙𑚲𑚒𑚴 𑚆𑚊 𑚍𑚪𑚴𑚥𑚱 𑚨𑚰𑚒𑚣𑚭। 𑚨𑚲 𑚙𑚲𑚨 𑚍𑚪𑚴𑚥𑚱 𑚠𑚭𑚥𑚲 𑚌𑚣𑚭। 𑚙𑚮𑚝𑚲 𑚙𑚮𑚜𑚯 𑚢𑚫𑚒 𑚡𑚭𑚥𑚷𑚣𑚭 𑚙𑚭 𑚙𑚲𑚙𑚭 𑚤𑚙𑚯 𑚒𑚲 𑚞𑚭𑚘𑚯 𑚚𑚭। 𑚙𑚮𑚝𑚲 𑚞𑚭𑚘𑚯 𑚞𑚯𑚘𑚲 𑚊𑚔𑚶𑚕𑚲 𑚁𑚞𑚘𑚯 𑚏𑚱𑚫𑚑 𑚙𑚮𑚜𑚯𑚣𑚭 𑚞𑚭𑚃, 𑚞𑚤 𑚞𑚭𑚘𑚯 𑚠𑚪𑚲 𑚩𑚲𑚕 𑚚𑚭 𑚙𑚭 𑚙𑚲𑚨𑚤𑚯 𑚏𑚱𑚫𑚑 𑚞𑚭𑚘𑚯 𑚙𑚮𑚊 𑚝𑚯𑚫 𑚞𑚰𑚒𑚯 𑚩𑚰𑚃, 𑚊𑚝𑚲 𑚨𑚲 𑚛𑚰𑚸𑚯 𑚩𑚰𑚃 𑚌𑚣𑚭। 𑚟𑚲𑚤𑚯 𑚙𑚲𑚒𑚴 𑚈𑚤𑚸𑚭 𑚞𑚤𑚸𑚭 𑚡𑚙𑚲𑚤𑚲 𑚌𑚔𑚲 𑚞𑚃𑚤𑚲 𑚨𑚰𑚒𑚲, 𑚙𑚮𑚝𑚲 𑚨𑚶𑚣𑚴𑚫 𑚌𑚔𑚲 𑚁𑚞𑚘𑚯 𑚏𑚱𑚫𑚑𑚭 𑚊𑚲 𑚔𑚯𑚞𑚰𑚁𑚫 𑚙𑚲𑚨 𑚍𑚪𑚴𑚥𑚱𑚁 𑚡𑚯𑚙𑚤𑚴 𑚞𑚭𑚘𑚲 𑚥𑚭𑚆। 𑚨𑚰𑚥𑚲 𑚨𑚰𑚥𑚲 𑚊𑚤𑚰𑚁𑚫 𑚞𑚭𑚘𑚯 𑚌𑚭𑚨𑚭 𑚑𑚴 𑚥𑚌𑚣𑚭 𑚁𑚄𑚫𑚛𑚭, 𑚩𑚴𑚤 𑚞𑚭𑚘𑚯 𑚙𑚲𑚨𑚤𑚯 𑚏𑚱𑚫𑚑𑚭 𑚙𑚮𑚊𑚤 𑚞𑚰𑚑𑚯 𑚁𑚣𑚭, 𑚟𑚲𑚤𑚯 𑚙𑚮𑚝𑚲 𑚤𑚭𑚢𑚭 𑚏𑚭𑚘𑚲 𑚞𑚭𑚘𑚯 𑚞𑚮𑚙𑚣𑚭 𑚩𑚴𑚤 𑚁𑚞𑚘𑚭 𑚨𑚴𑚸 𑚢𑚔𑚭𑚣𑚭,𑚩𑚴𑚤 𑚙𑚲𑚚𑚯 𑚥𑚭 𑚄𑚖𑚰𑚁𑚫 𑚏𑚥𑚯 𑚌𑚣𑚭।
Devanagari
Transliteration
Translation Once, there was a crow who was very thirsty. He flew here and there in search of water. Even after flying for a long time, he could not find any. Exhausted, he landed in a field, where he spotted a pitcher. He went up to it and looked inside, only to find a little bit of water. He dipped his beak in to drink, but the water was too low; his beak could not reach it, and he felt disheartened. Then, he noticed many pebbles lying nearby. He began picking them up with his beak and dropping them into the pitcher. Gradually, the water level rose until it reached his beak. He then drank the water comfortably, quenched his thirst, and flew away.
Status The language is commonly called Pahari or Himachali, just like many other neighbouring languages. The language has no official status. According to the United Nations Education, Scientific and Cultural Organisation (UNESCO), the language is of definitely endangered category, i.e. many Mandeali children are not learning Mandeali as their mother tongue anymore.