Ahlberg or Åhlberg is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
Alf Ahlberg (1892–1979), Swedish writer, humanist and philosopher Allan Ahlberg (1938–2025), British children's book writer, working together with his wife Janet Bruno Ahlberg (1911–1966), Finnish boxer Flemming Ahlberg (born 1946), Danish footballer Gillis Ahlberg (1892–1930), Swedish rower Hakon Ahlberg (1891–1984), Swedish architect, editor and author Janet Ahlberg (1944–1994), British children's book illustrator, working together with her husband Allan Jessica Ahlberg (born 1979 or 1980), British children's book illustrator and writer, sometimes in collaboration with her father Mac Ahlberg (1931–2012), Swedish film director and cinematographer Mats Åhlberg (born 1947), Swedish ice hockey player Nellie Ahlberg (died 1976), American politician Per E. Ahlberg, Swedish vertebrate palaentologist