The lists and tables below summarize and compare the letter inventories of some of the Latin-script alphabets. In this article, the scope of the word "alphabet" is broadened to include letters with tone marks, and other diacritics used to represent a wide range of orthographic traditions, without regard to whether or how they are sequenced in their alphabet or the table.
Parentheses indicate characters not used in modern standard orthographies of the languages, but used in obsolete and/or dialectal forms.
Letters contained in the ISO basic Latin alphabet
Alphabets that contain only ISO basic Latin letters
Among alphabets for natural languages the English, Indonesian, and Malay alphabets only use the 26 letters in both cases.
Among alphabets for constructed languages the Ido and Interlingua alphabets only use the 26 letters, while Toki Pona uses a 14-letter subset.
Extended by ligatures
German (ß), Scandinavian (æ)
Extended by diacritical marks
Spanish (ñ), German (ä, ö, and ü)
Extended by multigraphs Filipino (ng) Old French (ch)
Alphabets that contain all ISO basic Latin letters Among alphabets for natural languages the Afrikaans, Aromanian, Azerbaijani (some dialects), Basque, Celtic British, Catalan, Cornish, Czech, Danish, Dutch, Emilian-Romagnol, Filipino, Finnish, French,, German, Greenlandic, Hmong, Hungarian, Irish, Javanese, Karakalpak, Kurdish, Modern Latin, Luxembourgish, Norwegian, Oromo, Papiamento, Polish, Portuguese, Quechua, Rhaeto-Romance, Romanian, Slovak, Spanish, Sundanese, Swedish, Tswana, Venda, Võro, Walloon, Waray, West Frisian, Xhosa, Zhuang, Zulu alphabets include all 26 letters, at least in their largest version.
Among alphabets for constructed languages the Interglossa and Occidental alphabets include all 26 letters.
The International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) includes all 26 letters in their lowercase forms, although g is always single-storey (ɡ) in the IPA and never double-storey ().
Alphabets that do not contain all ISO basic Latin letters This list is based on official definitions of each alphabet. However, excluded letters might occur in non-integrated loan words and place names. + Reduced usage of the letters of the ISO basic Latin alphabetAs defined in ISO/IEC 646 based on ASCII, which was based on the 26 letters of the English alphabet and previous telecommunications standards, and used in later ISO standards, see Latin characters in Unicode. (A–Z) in various alphabets:AlphabetABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ #Classical LatinABCDEFGHI KLMNOPQRST V XYZ23AlbanianABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUV XYZ25Anglo-SaxonABCDEFGHI KLMNOPQRSTU XYZ23Arapaho BC E HI K NO STU W Y 13ArbëreshABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUV XYZ25AsturianABCDEFGHI LMNOPQRSTUV XYZ23Ayta MagbukunAB D GHI KLMN P R TU W Y 16AzerbaijaniABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUV XYZ25BambaraABCDEFGHIJKLMNOP RSTU W YZ23BelarusianABCDEFGHIJKLMNOP RSTUV YZ23BerberABCDEFGHIJKLMNO QRSTU WXYZ24BislamaAB DEFGHIJKLMNOP RSTUVW Y 22BretonAB DEFGHIJKLMNOP RSTUVW YZ23ChamorroABCDEFGHI KLMNOP RSTU Y 20ChewaABCDEFGHIJKLMNOP RSTUVW YZ24CorsicanABCDEFGHIJ LMNOPQRSTUV Z22Crimean TatarABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUV YZ24Croatian ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOP RSTUV Z22Cypriot ArabicABCDEFG IJKLMNOP RSTUVWXYZ24DakelhABCDE FGHIJKLMNOP RSTUVW YZ22DakotaABCDE GHIJK MNOP STU W YZ20DalecarlianAB DEFGHIJKLMNOP RSTUVW Y 22DinkaABCDE GHIJKLMNOP R TU W Y 20EsperantoABCDEFGHIJKLMNOP RSTUV Z22EstonianAB DEFGHIJKLMNOP RSTUV Z21ExtremaduranABCDEFGHIJ LMNOPQRSTUV XYZ24FalaABCDEFGHIJ LMNOPQRSTUV X Z23FaroeseAB DEFGHIJKLMNOP RSTUV Y 21Filipino AbakadaAB DE GHI KLMNOP RSTU W Y 19FriulianABCDEFGHIJ LMNOP RSTUV Z21FulaABCDEFGHIJKLMNOP RSTU WXY 23GagauzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOP RSTUV YZ23GalicianABCDEFGHI LMNOPQRSTUV X Z22GilberteseAB E I K MNO R TU W 12GlosaABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWX Z25Traditional GreenlandicA EFG IJKLMNOPQRSTUV 18GuaraníABCDE GHIJKLMNOP RSTUV Y 21Gwich'inABCDEFGHIJKLMNO RSTUVW YZ23HaitianABCDEFGHIJKLMNOP RSTUVWXYZ25HänABCDE GHIJKLMNOP RSTU W YZ22HausaABCDEFGHIJKLMNOP RSTU W YZ23HawaiianA E HI KLMNOP U W 12IcelandicAB DEFGHIJKLMNOP RSTUV XY 22IgboABCDEFGHIJKLMNOP RSTUVW YZ24Inari SamiABCDEFGHIJKLMNOP RSTUV YZ23Traditional IrishABCDEFGHI LMNOP RSTU 18ItalianABCDEFGHI LMNOPQRSTUV Z21KarelianABCDEFGHIJKLMNOP RSTUV YZ23KashubianABCDEFGHIJKLMNOP RSTU W YZ23KazakhAB DEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUV YZ23KhasiAB DE GHIJKLMNOP RSTU W Y 20LatvianABCDEFGHIJKLMNOP RSTUV (Y)Z23LithuanianABCDEFGHIJKLMNOP RSTUV YZ23LivonianAB DEFGHIJKLMNOP RSTUV (Y)Z23LojbanABCDEFG IJKLMNOP RSTUV XYZ23Lule SamiAB DEFGHIJKLMNOP RSTUV 20Malagasy AB DEFGHIJKLMNOP RST V YZ21MalteseAB DEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWX Z24Manx GaelicABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVW Y 24MāoriA E GHI K MNOP R TU W 14MarshalleseAB DE IJKLMNOP R TU W Y 17MassachusettA C E H K MN PQ STU W Y 14MirandeseABCDEFGHIJ LMNOPQRSTU XYZ23MohawkA E HI K NO RST W Y 12Na'viA EFGHI KLMNOP RSTUVWXYZ21NavajoABCDE GHIJKLMNO ST WXYZ20Northern SamiABCDEFGHIJKLMNOP RSTUV Z22NuxalkA C HI KLMN PQ STU WXY 16OccitanABCDEFGHIJ LMNOPQRSTUV X Z23Pan-NigerianABCDEFGHIJKLMNOP RSTUVW YZ24PiedmonteseABCDEFGHIJ LMNOPQRSTUV Z22PinyinABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTU WXYZ25RomaniABCDEFGHIJKLMNOP RSTUV X Z23RotokasA E G I K OP RSTUV 12SamoanA EFGHI KLMNOP RSTUV 17SardinianABCDEFGHIJ LMNOPQRSTUV XYZ24Scottish GaelicABCDEFGHI LMNOP RSTU 18SerbianABCDEFGHIJKLMNOP RSTUV Z22ShonaABCDEFGHIJK MNOP RSTUVW YZ24SicilianABCDEFGHIJ LMNOPQRSTUV Z22Skolt SamiABCDEFGHIJKLMNOP RSTUV Z22SlovenianABCDEFGHIJKLMNOP RSTUV Z22SomaliABCDEFGHIJKLMNO QRSTU WXY 23SorbianABCDEFGHIJKLMNOP RSTU W YZ23Southern SamiAB DEFGHIJKLMNOP RSTUV Y 21SwahiliABCDEFGHIJKLMNOP RSTUVW YZ24TahitianA EF HI MNOP R TUV 13TetunAB DEFGHIJKLMNOP RSTUVWX Z23Toki PonaA E IJKLMNOP STU W 14TonganA EFGHI KLMNOP STUV 16TurkishABCDEFGHIJKLMNOP RSTUV YZ23TurkmenAB DEFGHIJKLMNOP RSTU W YZ22UlithianABCDEFGHI KLMNOP RSTU W Y 21Ume SamiAB DEFGHIJKLMNOP RSTUV Y 21UyghurABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTU WXYZ25UzbekABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUV XYZ25VepsABCDEFGHIJKLMNOP RSTUV Z22VietnameseABCDE GHI KLMNOPQRSTUV XY 22VolapükABCDEFGHIJKLMNOP RSTUV XYZ24WelshABCDEFGHIJ LMNOP RSTU W Y 21WolofABCDEFG IJKLMNOPQRSTU WXY 24YapeseABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTU W Y 23YorubaAB DEFGHIJKLMNOP RSTU W Y 21ZuniABCDE HI KLMNOP STU W Y 18 count103937491102869698103798895101103101973396971031006749327266
The I is used in two distinct versions in Turkic languages: dotless (I ı) and dotted (İ i). They are considered different letters, and case conversion must take care to preserve the distinction. Irish traditionally does not write the dot, or tittle, over the small letter i, but the language makes no distinction here if a dot is displayed, so no specific encoding and special case conversion rule is needed as it is for Turkic alphabets.
Statistics The chart above lists a variety of alphabets that do not officially contain all 26 letters of the ISO basic Latin alphabet. In this list of 104 languages, at least one language lacks one of every letter. For each of the 26 basic ISO Latin alphabet letters, the number of alphabets in the list above using it is as follows: LetterA I N T E O M U S P H R G L B D K F J C Y V Z W Q X Alphabets102 102 102 102 101 100 100 99 96 96 96 95 94 94 93 90 87 85 78 73 71 68 64 48 33 32
Letters not contained in the ISO basic Latin alphabet
Some languages have extended the Latin alphabet with ligatures, modified letters, or digraphs. These symbols are listed below.
Additional letters by type
Independent letters and ligatures Additional base lettersÆⱭꞴÐƎƏƐƔIƖŊŒƆꞶƱK'ẞ ƩÞƲǷȜƷʔæɑꞵðǝəɛɣıɩŋœɔꞷʊĸßʃþʋƿȝʒʔAnglo-SaxonÆ Ð Þ ǷȜ Azeri Ə I Bambara Ɛ Ŋ Ɔ Northern Berber ƐƔ Southern Berber Ǝ Ɣ Ŋ Crimean Tatar I Dalecarlian Ð DanishNorwegianSouthern Sami (Norway)Æ Dinka ƐƔ Ŋ Ɔ FaroeseÆ Ð GreenlandicÆ (ĸ) German ß IcelandicNornÆ Ð Þ Celtic BritishEnglishFrenchLatinÆ Œ Inari SamiNorthern SamiLule SamiFulaAlphabet of MauritaniaAlphabet of Senegal Ŋ Skolt Sami Ŋ ƷPan-Nigerian Ǝ TurkishKazakh I Alphabet of CameroonÆⱭ ƏƐ ŊŒƆ Alphabet of Benin Ǝ ƐƔ Ŋ Ɔ Ʊ Ʋ Alphabet of Burkina Faso Ǝ Ɛ ƖŊ Ɔ Ʋ Alphabet of Chad ƏƐ Ŋ Ɔ Alphabet of Côte d'Ivoire Ɛ ƖŊ Ɔ Ʊ ɁScientific Alphabet of Gabon ꞴÐƎ ƐƔ Ŋ Ɔ Ʃ ƷɁAlphabet of Mali Ǝ ƐƔ Ŋ Ɔ ɁAlphabet of Niger Ǝ Ɣ Ŋ Alphabet of Zaïre Ɛ Ɔ African reference alphabet Ɑ Ǝ ƐƔ ƖŊ ƆꞶ Ʃ Ʋ ƷɁCount 72158 31283314211121 12231134
Letter–diacritic combinations: connected or overlaid Modified lettersĄA̧Ą̊ƁƇÇĐƊƉĘȨƏ̧Ɛ̧ƑǤƓĦꞪĮI̧ƗƗ̧ƘŁM̧ƝǪO̧ØƠƆ̧ƤɌŞƬŢŦŲU̧ƯɄY̨Ƴąa̧ą̊ɓƈçđɗɖęȩə̧ɛ̧ƒǥɠħɦįi̧ɨɨ̧ƙłm̧ɲǫo̧øơɔ̧ƥɍşƭţŧųu̧ưʉy̨ƴAlbanianArbëreshCatalanEnglishExtremaduranFalaFrenchFriulianGermanManxMirandeseNorwegianOccitanPortuguese(Spanish)Walloon Ç AzeriCrimean TatarKurdishTurkishTurkmen Ç Ş BambaraDinka Ɲ BelarusianSorbian Ł CroatianInari Sami Đ Cypriot ArabicKazakh Ş DanishFaroeseGreenlandicNornNorwegianSouthern Sami (Norway) Ø DalecarlianĄ Ą̊ Ę Į Ų Y̨Fula Ɓ Ɗ Ɠ Ɲ ƳGagauz Ç Ş Ţ HänNavajoĄ Ę Į Ł Ǫ Hausa Ɓ Ɗ Ƙ ƳGwich'inĄ Ę Į Ł Ǫ Ų KashubianPolishĄ Ę Ł LithuanianĄ Ę Į Ų Pan-Nigerian Ɓ Ɗ Ƙ Maltese Ħ Marshallese M̧ O̧ Romanian (nonstandard) Ş Ţ Northern SamiUme Sami Đ Ŧ Skolt Sami Đ Ǥ Vietnamese Đ Ơ Ư Zuni Ł Alphabet of Benin Ɖ Ƒ Alphabet of Burkina Faso Ɓ Ç Ɗ ƳAlphabet of Chad Ɓ Ɗ Ɦ Ɨ ƳAlphabet of Cameroon A̧ Ɓ Ɗ ȨƏ̧Ɛ̧ I̧ƗƗ̧ O̧Ø Ɔ̧ U̧ ƳScientific Alphabet of Gabon Ɖ Ɍ Alphabet of Mali Ɓ Ɗ Ɲ ƳAlphabet of Mauritania Ɓ Ɗ ƳAlphabet of Niger Ɓ Ɗ Ƙ Ɲ Ɍ ƳAlphabet of Senegal ƁƇ Ɗ ŞƬŢŦ ƳCount71110123610271111111141213815227110210133311019
Other letters in collation order The tables below are a work in progress. Eventually, table cells with light blue shading will indicate letter forms that do not constitute distinct letters in their associated alphabets. Please help with this task if you have the required linguistic knowledge and technical editing skill.
For the order in which the characters are sorted in each alphabet, see collating sequence.
Letters derived from A–H +Letter-diacritic combinations (detached) in various Latin alphabets (A–H)AlphabetÁÀȦÂÄǞǍĂĀÃÅǺǼǢḄĆĊĈČĎḌḐḒÉÈĖÊËĚĔĒẼE̊ẸǴĠĜǦĞG̃ĢĤḤáàȧâäǟǎăāãåǻǽǣḅćċĉčďḍḑḓéèėêëěĕēẽe̊ẹǵġĝǧğg̃ģĥḥLatin ĂĀ Ë ĔĒ AfrikaansÁ Ä ÉÈ ÊË Albanian (Â) (Ê)Ë AlemannicÁÀ ÂÄ Å ÉÈ Ê Anglo-Saxon Ā Ǣ Ē ArbëreshÁ É Ë Aromanian à AsturianÁ É ḤAustro-BavarianÁÀ ÂÄ Å ÉÈ Ê Ayta MagbukunÁÀ  Azeri (Ä) Ğ Belarusian Ć Č Northern Berber Č Ḍ Ǧ ḤSouthern Berber Ă Ḅ Ḍ ḤBislama É Breton Â É Ê Catalan À ÉÈ Celtic British ĂĀ ĔĒ ChamorroÁ ÅǺ É Corsican À È Crimean Tatar  РCroatian Ć Č Cypriot Arabic Ċ Ġ CzechÁ ČĎ É Ě Dalecarlian Ä Å DanishÁ ÅǺǼ É DutchÁÀ ÂÄ ÉÈ ÊË Emilian-Romagnol À ÂÄ Å ÉÈ ÊË Ē English À ÂÄ Å ÉÈ ÊË Esperanto Ĉ Ĝ ĤEstonian Ä ExtremaduranÁ É FalaÁ Ã É Ẽ FaroeseÁ FilipinoÁÀ  ÉÈ ÊË G̃ Finnish Ä Å French À  ÉÈ ÊË Friulian À Â È Ê Gagauz Ä Ê GalicianÁ É GermanÁÀ ÂÄ ÉÈ Ê Greenlandic(Á) (Â) (Ã)Å (É) (Ê) GuaraníÁ Ã É Ẽ G̃ Gwich'in À È Haitian À È Hän À ÂÄ Ǎ È ÊËĚ Hawaiian Ā Ē HungarianÁ É IcelandicÁ É IgboÁÀ ÉÈ Inari SamiÁ ÂÄ Å Č IrishÁ É ItalianÁÀ ÉÈ Javanese ÉÈ KarakalpakÁ Ǵ Karelian Ä Č Kashubian Ã Ć É Ë Kazakh Ä Ğ Kurdish Ê Latvian Ā Č Ē Ģ Lithuanian Č Ė Livonian ÄǞ Ā Ḑ Ē Lule SamiÁ Ä Å Luxembourgish ÂÄ ÉÈ ÊË MalagasyÁÀ Â È Ê Maltese À Ċ È Ġ Māori Ā Ē Marshallese Ā Massachusett  MirandeseÁ É Ê MohawkÁÀ ÉÈ Na'vi Ä NavajoÁ É NornÁ Å É Northern SamiÁ Č Norwegian À Ä Å ÉÈ Ê OccitanÁÀ ÉÈ Pan-Nigerian Ẹ PapiamentoÁ ÉÈ Piedmontese À ÉÈ Ë PinyinÁÀ Ǎ Ā ÉÈ Ê Ě Ē Polish Ć (É) PortugueseÁÀ  à É(È) Ê (Ẽ) Rhaeto-Romance À ÉÈ Romani Č Romanian  à SamoanÁ Ā É Ē SardinianÁÀ ÉÈ Scottish Gaelic(Á)À (É)È Alphabet of Senegal Ḍ Ë ĤḤSerbian Ć Č Sicilian À Â È Ê Skolt Sami ÂÄ Å Č Ǧ SlovakÁ Ä ČĎ É SlovenianÁÀ Ä Ć Č ÉÈ Ê Sorbian Ć Č Ě Southern Sami (Norway) Å Southern Sami (Sweden) Ä Å SpanishÁ É Sundanese É SwedishÁÀ Ä Å ÉÈ Ë Tahitian Ā Ē TetunÁ É TonganÁ Ā É Ē Tswana Ê Turkish  РTurkmen Ä Ulithian Ȧ Ė Ume SamiÁ Ä Å Uyghur Ë VendaÁ ḒÉ Veps Ä Č VietnameseÁÀ Â Ă Ã ÉÈ Ê Ẽ Ẹ Volapük Ä Võro Ä Walloon À  ŠÉÈ ÊË E̊ WarayÁÀ  ÉÈ ÊË G̃ WelshÁÀ ÂÄ ÉÈ ÊË West Frisian ÂÄ É ÊË WolofAlphabet of Mauritania À É Ë XhosaÁÀ ÂÄ ÉÈ ÊË Yapese Ä Ë YorubaÁÀ  Ǎ à ÉÈ Ê Ě Ẽ Ẹ
Letters derived from I–O