Scientific phenomena named after people

This is a list of scientific phenomena and concepts named after people (eponymous phenomena). For other lists of eponyms, see eponym.

A Abderhalden–Fauser reaction – Emil Abderhalden and August Fauser (1856–1938) Abney effect – William de Wiveleslie Abney Abrikosov lattice – Alexei Alexeyevich Abrikosov Aharonov–Bohm effect – Yakir Aharonov and David Bohm Alfvén wave – Hannes Olof Gösta Alfvén Alhazen's problem – Alhazen Allais effect – Maurice Allais Allee effect – Warder Clyde Allee Amdahl's law, a.k.a. Amdahl's argument – Gene Amdahl Ampère's law – André-Marie Ampère Anderson–Higgs mechanism (a.k.a. Higgs mechanism) – Peter Higgs and Philip Warren Anderson Anderson–Darling test – Theodore Wilbur Anderson and Donald A. Darling Andreev reflection – Alexander F. Andreev Apgar score – Virginia Apgar Arago spot – Dominique François Jean Arago Michaelis–Arbuzov reaction – Aleksandr Erminingeldovich Arbuzov and August Karl Arnold Michaelis Archimedean spiral, Archimedes number – Archimedes Argand diagram – Jean Robert Argand Aristotle's lantern – Aristotle Armstrong limit or Armstrong's line – Harry George Armstrong Armstrong oscillator – Edwin Armstrong Arndt–Eistert synthesis – Fritz Arndt and Bernd Eistert Arndt–Schulz law/principle/rule – Rudolf Arndt and Hugo Paul Friedrich Schulz Arrhenius equation – Svante August Arrhenius Ashkin–Teller model (a.k.a. Potts model) – Julius Ashkin and Edward Teller Asinger reaction – Friedrich Asinger Auger effect (a.k.a. Auger–Meitner effect), electron – Pierre Victor Auger and Lise Meitner Autler–Townes effect – Stanley H. Autler and Charles H. Townes Auwers synthesis – Karl von Auwers Avogadro's law, Avogadro constant, Avogadro number – Count Lorenzo Romano Amedeo Carlo Avogadro di Quaregna e Cerreto

B Baeyer–Drewsen indigo synthesis (often incorrectly named for Drewson) – Johann Friedrich Wilhelm Adolf von Baeyer and Viggo Drewsen Baeyer–Villiger oxidation and Baeyer–Villiger rearrangement – Johann Friedrich Wilhelm Adolf von Baeyer and Victor Villiger Babinet's principle – Jacques Babinet Babler–Dauben oxidation – James Babler and William Garfield Dauben Bagnold number – Ralph Alger Bagnold Baily's beads – Francis Baily Baker–Nathan effect – John William Baker and Wilfred S. Nathan Bakerian mimicry – Herbert G. Baker Baldwin effect (astronomy) – Jack Allen Baldwin Baldwin effect (Baldwinian evolution, Ontogenic evolution) – James Mark Baldwin Baldwin's rules – Jack Edward Baldwin Balmer line, series – Johann Jakob Balmer Bamberger rearrangement – Eugen Bamberger Bamford–Stevens reaction – William Randall Bamford and Thomas Stevens Stevens Barkhausen effect – Heinrich Barkhausen Barnett effect – Samuel Jackson Barnett Barnum effect (a.k.a. Forer effect) – Phineas Taylor Barnum (and Bertram R. Forer) Barton reaction – Derek Harold Richard Barton Barton–McCombie deoxygenation – Derek Harold Richard Barton and Stuart W. McCombie Baskerville effect – the fictional Charles Baskerville of the novel The Hound of the Baskervilles Batesian mimicry – Henry Walter Bates Bauschinger effect – Johann Bauschinger Bayes's theorem – Thomas Bayes Baylis–Hillman reaction – Anthony B. Baylis and Melville E. D. Hillman Bayliss effect – William M. Bayliss BCS superconduction theory – John Bardeen, Leon Cooper, and Robert Schrieffer Beaufort scale (Beaufort wind force scale) – Francis Beaufort Beckmann rearrangement – Ernst Otto Beckmann Beer's law (a.k.a. Beer–Lambert law or Beer–Lambert–Bouguer law) – August Beer (and Johann Heinrich Lambert and Pierre Bouguer) Beilstein's test – Friedrich Konrad Beilstein Bejan number – Adrian Bejan Bekenstein bound – Jacob Bekenstein Bélády's anomaly – László Bélády Bell's inequality – John Stewart Bell Bell number – Eric Temple Bell Belousov–Zhabotinskii reaction – Boris Pavlovich Belousov and Anatol Markovich Zhabotinskii Bénard cell – Henri Bénard Bénard–Marangoni cell/convection (a.k.a. Marangoni convection) – Henri Bénard and Carlo Marangoni Benedict's test – Stanley Rossiter Benedict Benford's law (a.k.a. Newcomb–Benford law) – Frank Albert Benford, Jr. (and Simon Newcomb) Benioff zone – see Wadati–Benioff zone, below Bennett pinch – Willard Harrison Bennett Berezinsky–Kosterlitz–Thouless transition – Veniamin L. Berezinsky, John M. Kosterlitz, and David J. Thouless Bergman cyclization – Robert George Bergman Bergmann's rule – Carl Bergmann (anatomist) Bergmann–Zervas carbobenzoxy method – Max Bergmann and Leonidas Zervas Bernoulli effect, Bernoulli's equation, principle – Daniel Bernoulli Berry's phase – Michael V. Berry Betz limit – Albert Betz Bezold–Brücke shift (a.k.a. von Bezold spreading effect) – Johann Friedrich Wilhelm von Bezold and Ernst Wilhelm von Brücke Biefeld–Brown effect – Paul Alfred Biefeld and Thomas Townsend Brown Biginelli reaction – Pietro Biginelli Biot number – Jean-Baptiste Biot Biot–Savart law – Jean-Baptiste Biot and Félix Savart Birch reduction – Arthur John Birch Birkeland currents – Kristian Birkeland Bischler–Napieralski reaction – August Bischler and Bernard Napieralski Black's equation for electromigration – James R. Black (d. 2004) of Motorola Blandford–Znajek process – Roger D. Blandford and Roman L. Znajek Blasius boundary layer, flow – Paul Richard Heinrich Blasius Blazhko effect – Sergey Blazhko Bloch electrons – Felix Bloch Bloom filter – Burton Howard Bloom Bodenstein number – Max Bodenstein Bohm sheath criterion – David Bohm Bohr effect – Christian Bohr Bohr magneton, model, radius – Niels Bohr Boltzmann constant – Ludwig Boltzmann Bonnor–Ebert mass – William Bowen Bonnor and Rolf Ebert Borel algebra, measure, set, space, summation, Borel's lemma, paradox – Émile Borel Borel–Cantelli lemma – Émile Borel and Francesco Paolo Cantelli Borel–Carathéodory theorem – Émile Borel and Constantin Carathéodory Born–Haber cycle – Max Born and Fritz Haber Born–Oppenheimer approximation – Max Born and Robert Oppenheimer Borodin–Hunsdiecker reaction – Alexander Borodin, Hienz Hunsdiecker, and Clare Hunsdiecker (née Dieckmann) Borrmann effect (a.k.a. Borrmann–Campbell effect) – Gerhard Borrman (and Herbert N. Campbell) Bortle scale – John E. Bortle Bose–Einstein condensate, effect, statistics – Satyendra Nath Bose and Albert Einstein Boson – Satyendra Nath Bose Boyer's law – Carl Benjamin Boyer Boyle's law (a.k.a. Boyle–Mariotte law) – Robert Boyle (and Edme Mariotte) Brackett line/series – Frederick Sumner Brackett Bradford's law (of scattering) – Samuel C. Bradford Braess's paradox – Dietrich Braess Bragg angle, Bragg's law, Bragg plane – William Henry Bragg and his son William Lawrence Bragg Bragg diffraction – William Lawrence Bragg Brans–Dicke theory – Carl H. Brans and Robert H. Dicke Bravais lattice – Auguste Bravais Bravais–Miller indices (a.k.a. Miller–Bravais indices) – Auguste Bravais and William Hallowes Miller Brayton cycle (a.k.a. Joule cycle) – George Bailey Brayton Bredt's rule – Julius Bredt Breit–Wheeler process – Gregory Breit and John A. Wheeler Brewster's angle, law – David Brewster Brillouin zone – Léon Brillouin Brinkman number – Hendrik C. Brinkman Brook rearrangement – Adrian Gibbs Brook Brooks's law (of software development) – Frederick Phillips Brooks, Jr. Brownian motion & Brown(ian) noise – Robert Brown Bucherer reaction – Hans Theodor Bucherer Büchi automata – Julius Richard Büchi Buckingham π theorem – Edgar Buckingham Burali-Forti paradox – Cesare Burali-Forti Bürgi–Dunitz angle – Hans-Beat Bürgi and Jack David Dunitz

C Cabannes–Daure effect – Jean Cabannes and Pierre Daure Cadiot–Chodkiewicz coupling, reaction – Paul Cadiot and Wladyslav Chodkiewicz Callendar effect – Guy Stewart Callendar Callippic cycle – Callippus of Cyzicus Calvin cycle (a.k.a. Calvin–Benson cycle) – Melvin Calvin (and Andy Benson) Cannizzaro reaction – Stanislao Cannizzaro Cardan angles (a.k.a. Tait–Bryan angles) – Gerolamo Cardano Carnot cycle, number – Nicolas Léonard Sadi Carnot Carpenter effect (a.k.a. Ideomotor effect) – William Benjamin Carpenter Cartan–Kähler theorem – Élie Cartan, Erich Kähler Casimir effect – Hendrik Casimir Catalan's conjecture (a.k.a. Mihăilescu's theorem), Catalan numbers – Eugène Charles Catalan Cauchy number (a.k.a. Hooke number) – Augustin-Louis Cauchy Cauchy–Kovalevskaya theorem – Augustin-Louis Cauchy, Sofia Kovalevskaya Cauer filter – Wilhelm Cauer Chandler wobble – Seth Carlo Chandler Chandrasekhar limit, number – Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar Chang–Refsdal lens – Kyongae Chang and Sjur Refsdal Chaplygin gas – Sergey Alexeyevich Chaplygin Charles's law – Jacques Charles Chebyshev distance, equation, filter, linkage, polynomials – Pafnuty Chebyshev Chebyshev's inequality (a.k.a. Bienaymé–Chebyshev inequality) – Pafnuty Chebyshev (and Irénée-Jules Bienaymé) Cherenkov radiation (a.k.a. Cherenkov–Vavilov radiation) – Pavel Alekseyevich Cherenkov (and Sergey Ivanovich Vavilov) Chichibabin reaction – Alexei Yevgenievich Chichibabin Christiansen effect – Christian Christiansen Christoffel symbol – Elwin Bruno Christoffel Christofilos effect – Nicholas Christofilos Chugaev elimination/reaction, reagent – Lev Aleksandrovich Chugaev Chwolson ring or Chwolson–Einstein ring – Orest Khvolson (and Albert Einstein) Clairaut's relation, theorem – Alexis Claude Clairaut Claisen condensation, rearrangement – Rainer Ludwig Claisen Claisen–Schmidt condensation – Rainer Ludwig Claisen and J. Gustav Schmidt Clapp oscillator – James K. Clapp Clarke orbit – Arthur C. Clarke Clemmensen reduction – Erik Christian Clemmensen Coanda effect – Henri Coanda Coase theorem – Ronald Coase Colburn–Chilton analogy (a.k.a. Colburn analogy) – Allan Philip Colburn and Thomas H. Chilton Coleman–Liau index – Meri Coleman and T. L. Liau Coleman–Mandula theorem – Sidney Coleman and Jeffrey Mandula Collatz conjecture (a.k.a. the Ulam conjecture (Stanisław Ulam), Kakutani's problem (Shizuo Kakutani), the Thwaites conjecture (Sir Bryan Thwaites), Hasse's algorithm (Helmut Hasse), the Syracuse problem) – Lothar Collatz Colpitts oscillator – Edwin H. Colpitts Compton effect, scattering, wavelength – Arthur Compton Compton–Getting effect – Arthur Compton and Ivan A. Getting Conway's base 13 function – John H. Conway Coolidge effect – from a joke attributed to John Calvin Coolidge, Jr. Cooper pair – Leon Cooper Cope elimination, rearrangement – Arthur Clay Cope Corey–Fuchs reaction – Elias James Corey and Philip L. Fuchs Corey–Kim oxidation – Elias James Corey and Choung Un Kim Corey–Winter olefin synthesis – Elias James Corey and Roland Arthur Edwin Winter Coriolis effect – Gaspard-Gustave Coriolis Cotton effect – Aimé Auguste Cotton Cotton–Mouton effect – Aimé Auguste Cotton and Henri Mouton Coulomb's law – Charles Augustin de Coulomb Coulter counter, principle – Wallace Henry Coulter Coxeter–Dynkin diagram – Harold Scott MacDonald Coxeter and Eugene Borisovich Dynkin Crabtree effect – Herbert Grace Crabtree Criegee reaction, rearrangement – Rudolf Criegee Curie law, Curie–Weiss law – Pierre Curie (and Pierre Weiss) Curie point – Pierre Curie Curry's paradox – Haskell Curry Curtin–Hammett principle – David Yarrow Curtin and Louis Plack Hammett Curtius rearrangement – Theodor Curtius

D Dakin reaction – Henry Drysdale Dakin Dakin–West reaction – Henry Drysdale Dakin and Randolph West Dalton's law (of partial pressures) – John Dalton Damerau–Levenshtein distance – Frederick J. Damerau and Vladimir Levenshtein Darboux function – Jean Gaston Darboux Darcy's law – Henry Darcy Darlington pair – Sidney Darlington Darwin drift – Charles Galton Darwin Darwin point, Darwinism – Charles Darwin Darzens condensation – Auguste Georges Darzens Davies–Bouldin index (DBI) – David L. Davies and Donald W. Bouldin de Broglie wavelength – Louis de Broglie de Bruijn sequences – Nicolaas Govert de Bruijn