Sîn-iddinam ("Sîn gave to me") ruled the ancient Near East city-state of Larsa from c. 1849-1843 BC (MC). He was deified for all of his reign (name written as dsuen-i-din-na-am). His father Nur-Adad had been deified late in his reign. His presumed regnal length of seven years is based on the Larsa King List (Larsa Date List) and there being 7 known year names. Marcel Segrist, "Larsa Year Names", Andrews University Press, 1990 Grice, Ettalene Mears, "Chronology of the Larsa dynasty", Yale University Press, 1919 His royal epiphets included King of Sumer and Akkad, King of Larsa, and Provider of Ur (Larsa kings has used "King of Ur until his fater Nur-Adad).Wagensonner, Klaus, "New Light on Sîn-iddinam and Iškur", Kaskal: rivista di storia, ambiente e culture del vicino oriente antico: 8, pp. 11-41, 2011 It has been suggested that Sîn-iddinam and his father Nur-Adad co-ruled for a time.De Graef, Katrien, "Bad Moon Rising: The Changing Fortunes of Early Second-Millennium BCE Ur", Ur in the Twenty-First Century CE: Proceedings of the 62nd Rencontre Assyriologique Internationale at Philadelphia, July 11–15, 2016, pp. 49-87, 2021 Two letters of Sîn-iddinam indicate that the ascension of Nur-Adad followed a period of crisis in Larsa. One read "... House was turned against house. Battle was waged in its public square. Murder was committed by means of weapons. In all the streets ruin set in. Brother consumed brother. The troops who deserted perished by hunger or weapons. ...". M. Fitzgerald, "The Rulers of Larsa", Yale University Dissertation, 2002Eva von Dassow, "Narām-Sîn of Uruk: A New King in an Old Shoebox", Journal of Cuneiform Studies, vol. 61, pp. 63–91, 2009 It has been suggested that the disruption was due to Šimaškian incursions.Wasserman, N., & Bloch, Y., "The Kingdom of Larsa", The Amorites, Leiden, The Netherlands: Brill, pp. 148–186, 2023 Based on a later liver omen it has been suggested that Sîn-iddinam died suddenly when a stone slab fell on him.Goetze, Albrecht, "Sin-Iddinam of Larsa. New tablets from his reign", Journal of Cuneiform Studies 4.2, pp. 83-118, 1950

Seven year names of Sîn-iddinam are known, notably:Year Names of Sin-Iddinam at CDLI Year the foundations of (the temple) Ebabbar were laid Year the army of Babylon was smitten by weapons Year Ibrat the main city and Malgium and various others were seized Year the dwelling / the land of Eshnunna was destroyed Year the great city wall of Mashkan-shapir was built

His building work on the E-Babbar temple of Utu at Larsa is also recorded in a number of plaques and clay cones.George, A. R., "Other Second-Millennium Royal and Commemorative Inscriptions", Cuneiform Royal Inscriptions and Related Texts in the Schøyen Collection, pp. 97-99, 2011 His defeat of a Babylon army would have been roughly in the 43th year of Sumu-la-El of Babylon, c. 1847 BC.Boer, Rients de, "Beginnings of Old Babylonian Babylon: Sumu-abum and Sumu-la-El", Journal of Cuneiform Studies 70.1, pp. 53-86, 2018 A large number of clay barrels of Sîn-iddinam commemorating the wall were found at Mashkan-shapir.Stone, Elizabeth C., and Paul Zimansky, "Mashkan-Shapir and the Anatomy of an Old Babylonian City", The Biblical Archaeologist, vol. 55, no. 4, pp. 212–18, 1992

Sîn-iddinam concluded a treaty with Ibal-pi-El I of Eshnunna and Sîn-kāšid of Uruk against Sabium of Babylon and his ally Ikūn-pī-Sîn of Nerebtum.Guichard, Michaël, "Un traité d’alliance entre Larsa, Uruk et Ešnunna contre Sabium de Babylone", Semitica 56, pp. 9-34, 2014

A cache of tablets found at Tell Waresh 2, near Nippur some of which contained year names of Sîn-iddinam.Al-Hussainy, A., de Boer, R., and Jawdat, J., "Tell Waresh 2, Early Old Babylonian Tablets from the Season of Rescue Excavation (1990)", RA 113, pp. 59–69, 2019

It is known that as late as the reign of Larsa ruler Rim-Sin (c. 1823-1763 BC) that there was a cult statue of Sîn-iddinam in the Nanna temple at the city of Ur which was still being annointed.Charpin, Dominique, "En marge d'EcritUr, 17: offrandes à une statue de Sin-iddinam dans la grande cour (kisalmah) du temple de Nanna", Nouvelles Assyriologiques Brèves et Utilitaires, pp. 126-127, 2020

Sîn-iddinam is also known for a prayer to God Utu, whom he describes as "Father of the black-headed ones".Hallo, William W., "The royal correspondence of Larsa: II. The appeal to Utu", Zikir Šumim. Brill, pp. 95-109, 1982

See also Chronology of the ancient Near East List of Mesopotamian dynasties

References

Further reading Charpin, D., "La carrière de Sîn-iddinam et la mainmise babylonienne sur Larsa", Nouvelles Assyriologiques Brèves et Utilitaires 1, 2003 De Graef, Katrien, "Sîn-iddinam eert zijn vader Nūr-Adad", Zij schreven geschiedenis: historische documenten uit het Oude Nabije Oosten (2500-100 v. Chr.), Vol. 33, Peeters, pp. 101-110, 2003 Hallo, William W., "New Texts from the Reign of Sin-iddinam", Journal of Cuneiform Studies 21.1, pp. 95-99, 1967 Sigrist, R. Marcel., "Nippur entre Isin et Larsa de Sin-iddinam à Rim-Sin", Orientalia 46.3, pp. 363-374, 1977 Stol, M., "Sîn-iddinam" Reallexikon der Assyriologie und vorderasiatischen Archäologie 12, pp. 517-8, 2011 Vallet, Regis, and Antoine Jacquet, "Preliminary results of the 2021-2022 campaigns at Larsa, Iraq", 13th International Congress on the Archaeology of the Ancient Near East. Vol. 2. Harrassowitz Verlag, 2023 Volk, Konrad, "Eine neue Inschrift des Königs Sîn-iddinam von Larsa", Cuneiform Royal Inscriptions and Related Texts in the Schøyen Collection, pp. 59-88, 2011

Gallery

External links Translated Sîn-iddinam inscriptions at CDLI