This is a list of the oldest surviving buildings and structures of significance in each province and territory of Canada.

Alberta

First Nations peoples in Alberta were generally nomadic and did not create permanent structures, however they did often occupy the same site annually for many generations, and created permanent markers in the form of tipi rings and medicine wheels. The first Europeans to build in Alberta were the fur traders of the North West Company who constructed the first trading posts in Alberta at Fort Chipewyan and Fort Vermilion in 1788. Few buildings from the fur trade era remain.

There is said to be 25 buildings built prior to 1882 still surviving in Alberta. Most buildings considered "historic" in Alberta are from the post-railway era (e.g. after 1885 in Calgary, after 1891 in Edmonton).

The following is a list of oldest buildings and structures in Alberta constructed prior to 1900.

Building or complex Built Location Architect Father Lacombe Chapel 1861Historic Places Canada Access date: 2015-06-13 St. Albert Fr. Albert Lacombe Clerk's Quarters 1865About Victoria Settlement Access date: 2015-06-13 Fort Victoria George Flett Rocky Mountain House Chimneys 1868Parks Canada Access date: 2015-06-10 Rocky Mountain House Hudson's Bay Company Hunt House1876CalgaryHudson's Bay Company C.O. Card House 1887Canada's Historic Places Access date: 2015-06-13 Cardston Lougheed House 1891 Calgary James & Isabella Lougheed Ralph Connor Church 1891Canada's Historic Places Access date: 2015-06-13 Canmore John Walter house 1875 Edmonton Lac La Biche Convent 1894Canada's Historic Places Access date: 2015-06-11 Lac La Biche Oblates of Mary Immaculate Roland Michener House 1894Canada's Historic Places Access date: 2015-06-13 Lacombe Union Bank 1899Canada's Historic Places Access date: 2015-06-13 Fort Macleod David Grier

British Columbia

The following is a list of oldest buildings and structures in British Columbia constructed prior to 1900.

Building Built City ArchitectFort Langley storehouseCanada.com Access date: 2009-10-17 1840sCanada.com A Top 40 list of B.C.’s oldest buildings Access Date: 2009-10-17 Fort Langley Fort Kamloops log cabin 1840s Kamloops St. Ann's schoolhouse 1844 Victoria Tod House 1851 Oak Bay Helmcken House 1852 Victoria Craigflower ManorBritish Columbia.com Historic Craigflower Manor Access date: 2009-10-17 1853–1856 View Royal Hudson's Bay Company The Bastion 1853-55 Nanaimo Hudson's Bay Company Craigflower Schoolhouse 1855 Saanich, British Columbia Bannockburn Farm1857SaanichtonSt. John the Divine Church 1859 Maple RidgeFather Pandosy MissionOkanagan Historical Society Access date: 2009-10-17 1859 Kelowna Victoria Hotel 1859 Victoria, British Columbia Dodd House 1859 Saanich 1314 Wharf Street 1860 Victoria 536 Yates Street, 1860 Victoria Fisgard Lighthouse 1860 Victoria Race Rocks Lighthouse 1860 Great Race Rock Christ Anglican Church 1861 Hope, British Columbia Woodlands House (original section) 1861 Victoria, British Columbia Trutch House 1861 Victoria, British Columbia Point Ellice House 1861 Victoria, British Columbia 1129 Wharf Street 1862 Victoria, British Columbia Odd Fellows Hall 1862 Victoria, British Columbia Wentworth House 1862 Victoria, British Columbia Emily Carr House 1863 Victoria, British Columbia Congregation Emanu-El 1863 Victoria, British Columbia Reid Block 1863 Victoria, British Columbia St. John the Divine Church 1863 Yale, British Columbia Old St. Andrews Presbyterian Church 1863 New Westminster, British Columbia Irving House 1865 New Westminster, British Columbia OldestBuilding in New Westminster Hastings Mill Store 1865 Vancouver, British Columbia Oldest building in Vancouver Ross Bay Villa 1865 Victoria, British Columbia 557-559 Johnson Street 1875 Victoria, British Columbia Old Victoria Customs House 1875 Victoria, British Columbia Church of Our Lord 1876 Victoria, British Columbia Masonic Temple 1878 Victoria, British Columbia St. Joseph's Hospital 1878 Victoria, British Columbia Grand Pacific Hotel 1879 Victoria, British Columbia

Manitoba The following is a list of buildings and structures in Manitoba constructed prior to 1900.

Building Built City Architect ImagePrince of Wales Fort 1731-41 near Churchill Royal Engineers Inkster's General Store 1831 Winnipeg, Manitoba Lower Fort Garry 1831 to 1848 near Selkirk, Manitoba Hudson's Bay Company Big House, (Lower Fort Garry) 1832 near Selkirk, Manitoba Hudson's Bay Company Fur Loft (Lower Fort Garry) 1832 near Selkirk, Manitoba Hudson's Bay Company William Fraser House 1835 near Selkirk, Manitoba The Archway Warehouse 1840–1841 Norway House St Andrews on the RedGoldsborough, Gordon. "Historic Sites of Manitoba: St. Andrew's-on-the-Red Anglican Church and Cemetery (RM of St. Andrews)". www.mhs.mb.ca. 1845–1849 RM of St Andrews Grey Nuns' Convent (Le Musée de Saint-Boniface Museum)Goldsborough, Gordon. "Historic Sites of Manitoba: Le Musee de Saint-Boniface Museum / Grey Nuns Convent (494 Tache Avenue, Winnipeg)". www.mhs.mb.ca. 1845–1851 St. Boniface (Winnipeg) Seven Oaks House MuseumGoldsborough, Gordon. "Historic Sites of Manitoba: Seven Oaks House Museum (115 Rupertsland Boulevard, Winnipeg)". www.mhs.mb.ca. 1851 Winnipeg John Inkster Ross House Museum 1852 Winnipeg Old St. James Anglican ChurchGoldsborough, Gordon. "Historic Sites of Manitoba: St. James Anglican Church and Cemetery (525 Tylehurst Street, Winnipeg)". www.mhs.mb.ca. 1853 Winnipeg, Manitoba St. Peter Dynevor Anglican ChurchGoldsborough, Gordon. "Historic Sites of Manitoba: St. Peter Dynevor Anglican Church and Cemetery (RM of St. Clements)". www.mhs.mb.ca. 1853 R. M. St. Clements Upper Fort Garry Gate 1853 Winnipeg Kildonan Presbyterian ChurchGoldsborough, Gordon. "Historic Sites of Manitoba: Kildonan Presbyterian Church and Cemetery (201 John Black Avenue, Winnipeg)". www.mhs.mb.ca. 1854 Winnipeg, Manitoba St. Andrews Rectory"St. Andrews Rectory National Historic Site St. Andrews Rectory". St. Andrews Rectory. 1854 RM of St Andrews Brown House 1856 Winnipeg, Manitoba Delorme house 1857 Winnipeg, Manitoba Miss Davis’ School / Twin Oaks 1858 R.M. of St. Andrews St. Peter's Dynevor Anglican Church Rectory 1860 R.M. of St. Andrews St. Clement's Anglican ChurchGoldsborough, Gordon. "Historic Sites of Manitoba: St. Clement's Anglican Church and Cemetery (RM of St. Andrews)". www.mhs.mb.ca. 1861 RM of St. Andrews Firth House / Hay House 1861 R.M. of St. Andrews Barber House 1862 Winnipeg Bunn House 1862 Selkirk Cox House 1862 St. Andrew's, Manitoba St. Anne's Anglican ChurchGoldsborough, Gordon. "Manitoba History: Historical Tour: Highway 26". www.mhs.mb.ca. 1862–1864 RM of Portage la Prairie Archbishop of St. Boniface residence 1864 Winnipeg Kildonan School"Manitoba Photos - Manitoba Heritage Sites". www.manitobaphotos.com. 1865 Winnipeg Captain William Kennedy House 1866 St. Andrews, Manitoba Christ Anglican Church 1868–1870 Fort Alexander, Powerview, Manitoba, Colcleugh House 1872 Selkirk, Manitoba Inkster HouseGoldsborough, Gordon. "Historic Sites of Manitoba: Inkster House / Bleak House (1637 Main Street, Winnipeg)". www.mhs.mb.ca. 1874 Winnipeg Little Britain United ChurchName, Author's. "Heritage Resources Branch - Provincial Heritage Sites". 1874 (est. 1852) R.M. of St. Andrews La Chapelle de Notre Dame Du Bons Secours 1875 Winnipeg St. Luke's Anglican Church 1876 Emerson, Manitoba St. Paul’s Anglican Church 1876 - 1880 (est. 1825) Middlechurch, RM of West St. Paul All Saints Victoria Anglican Church 1877 R.M. of Rockwood Chartier House 1877 Morris Flavien Chartier Episcopal Methodist Church / All Saints Anglican Church 1878 Dominion City Emerson, Manitoba Kittson House 1878 Winnipeg Nellie McClung House 1878 Pembina, Manitoba Reimer House 1878-1879 Hochfelt, Manitoba Carney House / Kelvinside 1880 Emerson, Manitoba Old Colony Mennonite Church 1880 Rosetown, Manitoba Riel House 1880–1881 St. Vital, Winnipeg Fairbanks House 1881 Emerson, Manitoba Johnson House 1881 Brandon, Manitoba Vaughan Street Gaol"Vaughan Street Jailhouse". www.virtual.heritagewinnipeg.com. 1881 Winnipeg Winnipeg Hotel 1881 Winnipeg Church of the Ascension 1882 Stonewall, Manitoba T.W Taylor Building 1882 Winnipeg Hochman Building 1882 Winnipeg House of Comoy 1882 Winnipeg Monk House 1882 Winnipeg Sures Building 1882 Winnipeg Bernier house 1882 Winnipeg W.M. Ashdown House 1882 Winnipeg Telegram Building 1882 Winnipeg Bathgate Block 1882–1883 Winnipeg Fortune Block 1882–1883 Winnipeg Lyon Block/Bate Building 1883 Winnipeg Bryce House 1883 Emerson, Manitoba Daly House 1883 Brandon McDougall House 1883 St. Norbert, Winnipeg, Manitoba Deloraine Presbyterian Church 1883 Deloraine, Manitoba Smart Bag Company Building 1884–1913 Winnipeg Government House 1883 Winnipeg Brandon Court House 1884 Brandon Holy Trinity Anglican Church 1884 Winnipeg Charles Wheeler Neepawa County Courthouse 1884 Neepawa C. Osborn Wikenden St. Mary's Roman Catholic Cathedral 1887, updated 1896 Winnipeg, Manitoba Villa Louise 1888 Brandon Fraser Block 1890 Brandon Holy Trinity Anglican Church 1890 Killarney, Manitoba Knox United Church 1891 Belmont, Manitoba St. Lupicin Roman Catholic Church 1891 Rural Municipality of Lorne Lorne Terrace 1892 Brandon St. Mary St. Alban Anglican Church 1892 Pembina Utility Building 1892 Winnipeg Paterson-Matheson House 1893, with 1904 addition Brandon Peck Building 1893 Winnipeg Stovel Block 1893 Winnipeg, Manitoba St. Pauls United Church 1893 Boissevain, Manitoba Margaret Laurence House 1894 Neepawa, Manitoba Penrose House 1894 Winnipeg Saint-Léon Roman Catholic Church 1894 Saint-Léon DALNAVERT NATIONAL HISTORIC SITE 1895 Winnipeg, Manitoba Ashdown Warehouse 1895–1911 Winnipeg Masonic Temple 1895 Winnipeg, Manitoba Saint Adolphe Roman Catholic Church 1896 Saint Adolphe, Manitoba Public Building 1895–1898 Portage la Prairie Wesley Hall 1895 Winnipeg H. P. Tergesen General Store 1898 Gimli Vendôme Hotel 1898 Winnipeg Henry Sandham Griffith Old St. Michael's Ukrainian Orthodox Church 1898–1899 RM Stuartburn(Oldest surviving Ukrainian church in Canada) Isbister School 1899 Winnipeg Donald H Bain building 1899 Winnipeg McClary Building 1899–1912 Winnipeg

New Brunswick Before 1784, New Brunswick was part of the colony of Nova Scotia and the majority of the population was aboriginal. The native populations of the land that is now New Brunswick were a nomadic people and thus there are few remains of their settlements. However, in 1784 New Brunswick became its own colony due to an increasingly non-aboriginal population. The area was mostly forest until United Empire Loyalists started to arrive, and European-style buildings were not constructed for the most part until after their arrival. Many Acadian homes and settlements were destroyed by the British during the expulsion of the Acadians known as the Great Expulsion from 1755 to 1763. Acadians were a people of French descent who lived in New Brunswick, Prince Edward Island and Nova Scotia for over a century before the British took over the lands that were New France. After the expulsion there was a short wave of settlement by a peoples known as the New England Planters. They were a small group without a lot of remaining architecture.

The following is a list of oldest buildings and structures in New Brunswick constructed prior to 1890.