Sarı Saltık (alternatively spelled as Sarı Saltuk and also referred as Sarı Saltuk Baba or Dede, ; meaning 'the blonde', died 1297/98)according to Yusuf an-Nabhani, Ğami Karamat'l-Awliya, quoted in Kiel, Ottoman urban development..., p. 286 was a 13th-century Alevi Turkish dervish, venerated as a saint by the Bektashi Sufi Muslims in the Balkans and parts of Middle East as well as the mainstream Sunni Muslim community.
Historical figure According to 14th-century Moroccan traveller Ibn Battuta, Saltik was an "ecstatic devotee", although "things are told of him that are reproved by the Divine Law".Norris, Islam in the Balkans, pp. 146-47. He is considered by various sources a disciple of Mahmud Hayran,Wittek, Yazijioghlu 'Ali on the Christian Turks..., p. 658 of Haji Bektash Veli,Babinger, Sarı Saltuk Baba (Ṣari Ṣaltik Dede), p. 171 or of one of the successors of Ahmed ar-Rifa'i.Kiel, Ottoman urban development..., p. 287 According to the 17th-century traveller Evliya Çelebi, his real name was Mehmed, and he was from Bukhara.Babinger, Ṣari Ṣaltik Dede, p. 172 Early 20th-century historian Frederick Hasluck considered him a saint of a Tatar tribe from Crimea, which had brought his cult into Dobruja, from where it was spread by the Bektashis.
According to the 15th-century Oghuzname narrative, in 1261 he accompanied a group of Anatolia Turkomans into Dobruja, where they were settled by the Byzantine Emperor Michael VIII to protect the northern frontier of the empire. However the Byzantines didn't control Dobruja at the time, which was part of Bulgaria and they didn't have a common border with the Tatars.Interactive Historical map, 1261 The same source places him in Crimea after 1265, along the Turkomans transferred there by Tatar khan Berke, and after 1280 mentions him leading the nomads back to Dobruja.Wittek, Yazijioghlu 'Ali on the Christian Turks..., pp. 648-649, 659 After the death of Sari Saltik, some of the Turkomans returned to Anatolia, while other remained and became Christians,Wittek, Yazijioghlu 'Ali on the Christian Turks..., pp. 661-662 becoming the ancestors of the Gagauz people.Wittek, Yazijioghlu 'Ali on the Christian Turks..., pp. 666 This migration has characteristics of a folk epic destan, and its historicity is doubted by some scholars.
Legacy in Babadag The town of Babadag (Turkish, Babadağ, Mountain of the Baba), in the Romanian Dobruja, identified with the town of Baba Saltuq visited in 1331/1332 by Ibn Battuta,Other scholars have suggested Ibn Battuta's Baba Saltuq should be placed in the steppes of Southern Russia is said to be named after him.Kiel, Ottoman urban development..., p. 284 The oldest sources about Sari Saltik available place his tomb in the area of the future town.Kiel, Ottoman urban development..., pp. 286-287 This tomb was visited in 1484/1485 by Ottoman Sultan Bayezid II during a military campaign, and, after reporting an important victory, he ordered the building of a religious and educational complex here (including a mausoleum to Saltik, finished in 1488), around which the town developed. According to Evliya Çelebi, a marble sarcophagus was found during the construction, with a Tatar inscription attesting it was the tomb of the saint. However this miraculous discovery is not mentioned in other sources talking about the sultan's passage through the town.Kiel, Ottoman urban development..., pp. 290-292
Babadag became an important place of pilgrimage, visited in 1538 by Suleiman the Magnificent, and the most important urban centre in 16th-century Dobruja. The town however decayed during the frequent wars that ravaged the region during the 17th century, and was eventually burned down, along with the mausoleum to Saltik, during the Russo-Turkish Wars.Kiel, Ottoman urban development..., pp. 294-296 A simple domed türbe was rebuilt over the grave of the saint in 1828.Kiel, Ottoman urban development..., p. 298 The mausoleum in Babadag remains of relative importance even nowadays, and was recently renovated, being reinaugurated in 2007 by the then-Turkish prime-minister Recep Tayyip Erdoğan.
Legendary figure In various Orthodox Christian legends, he is identified with saints such as Saint George, Elijah, Saint Nicholas, Saint Simeon, Saint Naum or Saint Spyridon. According to a local legend, his body was buried in seven coffins, in remote towns and villages within the lands of the Infidels. Nowadays, alleged tombs (türbe) of his, are found all over the Balkans (Blagaj, Mostar, Krujë, Kaliakra) and western Anatolia (İznik).
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External links Sari Saltik in Albania