Events from the year 1854 in France.
Incumbents Monarch – Napoleon III
Events 27 March - United Kingdom declares war on Russia and Crimean War begins. 28 March - France declares war on Russia. 16 August - Russian troops in the island of Bomarsund in Åland surrender to French-British troops. 18 August - Siege of Petropavlovsk by Anglo-French naval forces begins. 20 September - Battle of Alma, Anglo-French force defeats the Russians in the first battle of the war. 17 October - Siege of Sevastopol by Anglo-French forces begins. 25 October - Battle of Balaclava, indecisive battle between the allied forces of the United Kingdom, Second French Empire, and the Ottoman Empire against the Russian Empire. 5 November - Battle of Inkerman, Anglo-French forces defeat the Russians. 27 November - André-Adolphe-Eugène Disdéri patents a method of producing carte de visite photographs. Luxury goods brand Louis Vuitton is founded in Paris by Louis Vuitton.
Births 29 April - Henri Poincaré, mathematician, theoretical physicist and philosopher of science (died 1912) 2 September - Paul Marie Eugène Vieille, chemist and gunsmith (died 1934) 6 September - Georges Picquart, army officer and Minister of War, exposed the truth in the Dreyfus Affair (died 1914) 20 October - Arthur Rimbaud, poet (died 1891) 5 November - Paul Sabatier, chemist, shared Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1912 (died 1941) 17 November - Hubert Lyautey, Marshal of France (died 1934)
Deaths 3 January - Adolphe Delattre, ornithologist (born 1805) 28 January - Jérôme-Adolphe Blanqui, economist (born 1798) 14 March - Louis Léon Jacob, admiral (born 1768) 5 July - Émile Souvestre, novelist (born 1806) 2 September - Pierre Alphonse Laurent, mathematician (born 1813) 7 September - Jacques-François Ancelot, dramatist (born 1794) 16 November - Marcellin Marbot, general (born 1782) 14 December - Léon Faucher, politician and economist (born 1803)
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