In immunology, activation is the transition of leucocytes and other cell types involved in the immune system. On the other hand, deactivation is the transition in the reverse direction. This balance is tightly regulated, since a too small degree of activation causes susceptibility to infections, while, on the other hand, a too large degree of activation causes autoimmune diseases.
Factors Activation and deactivation results from a variety of factors, including cytokines, soluble receptors, arachidonic acid metabolites, steroids, receptor antagonists, adhesion molecules, bacterial products and viral products.
+ Overview of activating and deactivating factors. Activation Deactivation CytokinesIFN-γ GM-CSF M-CSF IL-6 TNF-α MIF CCL2IL-4 IL-10 IL-13 TGF-β Soluble receptorssIL-1R sIL-6R sTNFR sCD14 Arachidonic acid metabolitesPGE2 LTB4 SteroidsCorticosteroids Receptor antagonistsIL-1Ra Adhesion moleculesβ2-integrins Fc receptors CD14 P-selectin CD45 Bacterial productsLPS fMetLeuPhe Viral productsdsRNABCRF1 (IL-10-homologue) T2 (sTNFR-homologue) M-T7 (sINF-γR-homologue)
See also Immune system
References