The men's 100 metre backstroke event at the 1980 Summer Olympics was held on 20 and 21 July at the Swimming Pool at the Olimpiysky Sports Complex.

Records Prior to this competition, the existing world and Olympic records were as follows.

Results Heats Rank Heat Name Nationality Time Notes 1 3 Michael Söderlund 57.75 Q 2 1 Vladimir Dolgov 57.87 Q 3 3 Rômulo Arantes 57.90 Q 4 5 Zoltán Verrasztó 57.92 Q 5 1 Dietmar Göhring 58.02 Q 6 5 Sándor Wladár 58.07 Q 7 5 Mark Kerry 58.08 Q 8 1 Miloslav Roľko 58.15 Q 9 4 Glenn Patching 58.30 Q 10 4 Paul Marshall 58.35 Q 11 5 Bengt Baron 58.46 Q 12 4 Viktor Kuznetsov 58.47 Q 13 3 Fred Eefting 58.59 Q 14 2 Mark Tonelli 58.66 Q 15 3 Douglas Campbell 58.75 Q 16 2 Gary Abraham 58.79 Q 17 2 Jörg Stingl 58.98 18 4 Vladimir Shemetov 59.01 19 2 Frédéric Delcourt 59.16 20 2 Herwig Bayer 21 1 Branimir Popov 22 5 Mihai Mandache 23 4 Franky De Groote 24 1 Nenad Miloš 25 3 Rui Abreu 26 1 Róbert Rudolf 27 5 Moisés Gosálvez 28 2 Ricardo Prado 29 1 Daniel Ayora 30 5 Lâm Văn Hoành 31 2 Lakis Fylaktou 32 4 Jorge Lima 33 3 Pedro Cruz 3 David Cummins 4 Alberto Mestre

Semifinals Rank Heat Name Nationality Time Notes 1 1 Viktor Kuznetsov 56.75 Q 2 2 Bengt Baron 57.51 Q 3 1 Mark Tonelli 57.89 Q 4 1 Gary Abraham 57.90 Q 5 2 Fred Eefting 57.91 Q 6 1 Miloslav Roľko 57.97 Q 7 1 Vladimir Dolgov 58.04 Q 8 1 Sándor Wladár 58.05 Q 9 2 Mark Kerry 58.07 10 2 Michael Söderlund 58.20 11 2 Rômulo Arantes 58.21 12 1 Zoltán Verrasztó 58.57 13 2 Douglas Campbell 58.61 14 1 Paul Marshall 58.82 15 2 Dietmar Göhring 58.85 16 2 Glenn Patching

Final Rank Name Nationality Time Notes Bengt Baron 56.53 Viktor Kuznetsov 56.99 Vladimir Dolgov 57.63 4 Miloslav Roľko 57.74 5 Sándor Wladár 57.84 6 Fred Eefting 57.95 7 Mark Tonelli 57.98 8 Gary Abraham 58.38

References