The Cardinal Protopresbyter or Protopriest () in the College of Cardinals, is the first Cardinal-Priest in the order of precedence, hence directly after the Cardinal-bishops.
This title is always attached to the most senior Cardinal Priest according to date of his creation. From the 17th century until the end of the 19th century, the Protopriest was usually assigned to the Titular church of San Lorenzo in Lucina. The last protoprete who opted for that title was Mieczysław Halka Ledóchowski in 1896.
The protopriest has the honor of pronouncing the formal prayer for the new pope at the papal inauguration after the protodeacon (most senior Cardinal deacon) bestows the pallium and before the Dean of the College of Cardinals (most senior Cardinal-bishop) presents the Ring of the Fisherman. This last happened at the inauguration of Pope Benedict XVI in 2005, Retrieved 12 April 2013. but did not happen at the inauguration of Pope Francis in 2013 because the protopriest, Cardinal Paulo Evaristo Arns, then 91 years old, remained in São Paulo, Brazil, and did not attend.
Cardinal Michael Michai Kitbunchu of Bangkok has been the protopriest since 14 December 2016.
Protopriests since 1920 James Gibbons, 1920–1921 Michael Logue, 1921–1924 Giuseppe Francica-Nava de Bontifè, 1924–1928 Lev Skrbenský z Hřiště, 1928–1938 William Henry O'Connell, 1938–1944 Alessio Ascalesi, 1944–May 1952 Michael von Faulhaber, May–June 1952 Alessandro Verde, June 1952–1958 Jozef-Ernest van Roey, 1958–1961 Manuel Gonçalves Cerejeira, 1961–1977 Carlos Vasconcellos Motta, 1977–1982 Giuseppe Siri, 1982–1989 Paul-Émile Léger, 1989–1991 Franz König, 1991–2004 Stephen Kim, 2004–2009 Eugênio Sales, 2009–2012 Paulo Evaristo Arns, 2012–2016 Michael Michai Kitbunchu, 2016–present
See also Cardinal Dean Cardinal Protodeacon
Notes
References
ro:Protopop