Gerard of Abbeville (1220-1272) was a theologian from the University of Paris. He formally became a theologian in 1257 and from then was known as an opponent of the mendicant orders,Lesley M. Smith and Benedicta Ward (editors), Intellectual Life in the Middle Ages: Essays Presented to Margaret Gibson (1992), p. 208; Stephen M. Metzger, Gerard of Abbeville, Secular Master, On Knowledge, Wisdom, and Contemplation Studien und Text zur Geistesgeschichte des Mittelalters (Leiden: Brill, 2017); Andrew G. Traver, 'The Forging of an Intellectual Defense of Mendicancy in the Medieval University,' in The Origin, Development, and Refinement of Medieval Religious Mendicancies Ed. Donald Prudlo. (Leiden: Brill, 2011), 157-196. particularly in the second stage of the conflict, taking part in a concerted attack that temporarily affected their privileges.James Henderson Burns, The Cambridge History of Medieval Political Thought c. 350-c. 1450 (1988), p. 635.
Background His Contra adversarium perfectionis christianae of c. 1269, in support of William of St Amour, argued that extreme emphasis on poverty contradicted the Aristotelian doctrine of the meanVirpi Mäkinen, Property Rights in the Late Medieval Discussion on Franciscan Poverty (2001), p. 41. and undermined the basis of pastoral work. It provoked replies from Thomas Aquinas and Bonaventure.David Knowles, The Religious Orders in England I (1979 edition), p. 221. From the Franciscan side, Bonaventure wrote Apologia pauperum, and John Peckham wrote his Tractatus pauperis.History of the Franciscan Movement (2) The Dominican Aquinas wrote his case on the "state of perfection" in De Perfectione Vitae Spiritualis contra Doctrinam Retrahentium a Religione (1270).
On trinitarian theology, however, Gerard was much closer to the emerging Franciscan view.Russell L. Friedman, Trinitarian Texts from the Franciscan Trinitarian Tradition, ca. 1265-85, in Cahiers de L'Institut Du Moyen-Âge Grec Et Latin, Volume 73 (2006), p. 22. With Aquinas, he was one of the developers of the quodlibet genre of open philosophical discussion, flourishing for about a century from his time.André Vauchez, Richard Barrie Dobson, Michael Lapidge, Encyclopedia of the Middle Ages (2001 translation), p. 1207. His polemics used a combination of quodlibets and sermons., Albert & Thomas: Selected Writings (1988), p. 229.
He was a major benefactor to the Sorbonne library, leaving it around 300 books and manuscripts;Cornelius O'Boyle, The Art of Medicine: Medical Teaching at the University of Paris, 1250-1400 (1998), p. 161. his collection was based on that of Richard de Fournival, outstanding in Europe in his time.Jeremiah Hackett, Roger Bacon and the Sciences: Commemorative Essays (1997), p. 16.
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