Surname Ostrogorsky is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
George Ostrogorsky (1902–1976), Russian-born Yugoslavian historian and Byzantinist Moisey Ostrogorsky (1854–1921), Belarusian political scientist, historian, jurist and sociologist Viktor Ostrogorsky (1840-1902), Russian writer, pedagogue, publisher, translator and social activist
Others
Moisey Ostrogorsky unwittingly donated his surname to the Ostrogorski Centre, which is a "Western-style" political lobby group.