Viña Delmar (born Alvina Louise Croter; January 29, 1903 – January 19, 1990) was an American short story writer, novelist, playwright, and screenwriter who worked from the 1920s to the 1970s. She rose to fame in the late 1920s with the publication of her suggestively titled novel, Bad Girl, which became a bestseller in 1928. Delmar also wrote the screenplay to the screwball comedy The Awful Truth, for which she received an Academy Award nomination in 1937.
Early years Viña Delmar was born Alvina Louise Croter on January 29, 1903, in Brooklyn, New York, the daughter of vaudeville performers Isaac "Ike" Croter and Jennie A. Croter, née Guran or Guerin. Her parents were regulars on the vaudeville circuit as well as performers in the Yiddish theater in New York City and other major cities in the United States. Ike Croter went by the stage name of "Charlie Hoey" (or "Chas Hoey"), and formed half of the musical duo "Hoey and Lee," alongside partner Harry Lee. Jennie Croter was a chorus girl and singer who performed under the name "Jean Powell" (or "Jeanne Powell").The New York Times (September 15, 1916, p. 11) Obituary Notes.
As a child, Delmar was taken along by her parents as they performed on the vaudeville circuit in the United States. At the age of three weeks, she was in San Francisco, with the top drawer of her mother's trunk used as a cradle. In 1911, when Delmar was eight, her mother retired from the stage, and the family settled in the Flatbush neighborhood of Brooklyn. Not long afterwards, on September 13, 1916, her mother died, and with her father, Viña moved to the Bronx. She attended public schools only until the age of 13. By age 16, she was appearing on the vaudeville stage.Kunitz, Stanley J. and Howard Haycraft, ed. Twentieth Century Authors, A Biographical Dictionary of Modern Literature (New York: The H.W. Wilson Company, 1942), p. 370. With her stage career struggling—Delmar deemed herself "not a good actress"—she took on various employments in the 1920s, including theater usher, typist, switchboard operator, and assistant manager of a moving picture house in Harlem. Sardonically, playing off her failings on the stage, she noted "I was a notable success as an usher."Kunitz, Stanley J. Living Authors: A Book of Biographies edited by Dilly Tante [pseud.] (New York: The H.W. Wilson Company, 1931), p. 102.
In 1921, Viña married a man named Albert Zimmerman, a radio announcer and writer. Around the time of the marriage, Zimmerman was using the name Eugene Delmar or Gene Delmar, perhaps as a stage name. Viña readily assumed the Delmar surname as well, and it became her de facto name. Zimmerman, apparently, formally changed his name to Eugene Delmar in July 1929, though conclusive evidence of this action is lacking.
The Delmars gained a brief moment of national attention in June 1921 when Viña, on a gag, placed an advertisement to "rent" her husband for a year. The stunt, apparently due to financial hardship, led to a story that quickly spread throughout the United States. The ad read: "FOR RENT One husband. Terms, $5,000 a year. Qualifications: Handsome, lovely disposition, great adaptability, stay home nights, beautiful singing voice, wonderful ballroom dancer, superior education VINA DELMAR (Mrs. Gene Delmar)"Rohe, Alice. "Rush to Rent Hubby at $5000 a Year" Arizona Republic. (Sunday, June 26, 1921, p. 2) Article. Viña's explanation for the advertisement was reported in some accounts: "Gene is a writer," she said of her husband. "He writes lovely poems to me and wants to write other things. Of course, he couldn’t support us yet on writing.""“Rush Is Made to Rent Hubby at Five Thousand Per Year” New Castle Herald. (June 21, 1921, page 9). The publication that ran the original advertisement was not identified in the newspaper reports of 1928 and remains unidentified.
Writing career As a child of nine years of age, Delmar showed an interest in writing and began to pen stories. Her first success with publication was achieved in 1922 with her short story "Tony Checks Out," which appeared in the risqué publication Snappy Stories.
Bad Girl and other early novels
Delmar's breakthrough as a writer occurred at age 25 with Bad Girl, a popular fiction novel published in 1928 by Harcourt Brace and Co. Spinning a cautionary tale about premarital sex, pregnancy, and childbirth, filtered through the lens of the tenement, working-class married life, Bad Girl was an unexpected and immediate sensation. The novel gained additional notoriety when it was initially banned in Boston.Aliperti, Cliff. "Viña Delmar and Uptown New York (1932)" IMMORTAL EPHEMERA – World Wide’s Bad Girl. The success of the book induced the Literary Guild to choose it as its April 1928 selection, which edged sales even higher. The book entered the Publishers Weekly fiction bestseller list at No. 9 on May 26, 1928, and peaked at No. 4 on June 30, 1928, holding that position for four weeks.Justice, Keith L. Bestseller Index: All Books, Publishers Weekly and the New York Times Through 1990 (Jefferson, N.C.: McFarland and Co., 1998), p. 91. Overall, for the year 1928, the book ranked fifth on the Publishers Weekly fiction bestseller list.Raub, Patricia. Yesterday's Stories: Popular Women's Novels of the Twenties and Thirties (Westport, Connecticut: Greenwood Press, 1994), p. 13.
In 1929, attempting to capitalize on the success of Bad Girl, Delmar wrote two other books in quick succession, each featuring a suggestive title. Kept Woman was a novel, while Loose Ladies presented eleven fictional portraits of modern American city women. Both books drew the attention of censors, but little came of it. As the Great Depression took hold in the early 1930s, Delmar's gritty tenement stories began to slip out of favor with the reading public. Women Live Too Long and The Marriage Racket was published in 1932 and 1933, respectively, but neither book nor the quick follow-ups to Bad Girl managed to crack the bestseller lists, though all were later reissued in paperback by Avon in the 1940s. With the exception of "The End of the World," a short story that initially appeared in Cosmopolitan, and which was reformatted and sold in paperback in 1934, Delmar didn't have a new book published until 1950.
The Delmar writing team Viña Delmar wrote her stories, novels, and screenplays with the editorial assistance of her husband, Gene. Although he rarely received credit in the published works, the Delmars considered themselves a writing team. In a 1956 Times Book Review interview, she pointed out the collaborative nature of their working relationship: "When we're working, we discuss the plot a long time. I write up a draft in longhand. Then my husband puts it through the typewriter, changing as he goes."The New York Times Book Review (March 25, 1956, p. 30.) In a 1928 interview, Delmar explained that she wrote four nights a week with a pencil. She wrote very quickly, and her husband would add missing words and correct grammatical errors while he typed. He also would argue with her and help refine her plots and characters. All the intellectual basis of her work was her own, but her husband helped substantially with her writing process.
Hollywood
The earlier success of Bad Girl, which was adapted to the screen in 1931, gave Delmar entry to Hollywood. Sometime in the 1930s, Viña and Eugene Delmar moved from New York to Los Angeles. There, the Delmars nourished a connection to film director Leo McCarey, which led to contracts for two screenplays, both of which were developed into McCarey-directed movies. The first was the drama Make Way for Tomorrow (1937), the story of an elderly couple losing their home to foreclosure; the second, the romantic comedy The Awful Truth (1937), now considered among the top screwball comedy films ever produced. Both movies found success at the box office, especially The Awful Truth, which starred Cary Grant and Irene Dunne. Viña Delmar was honoured with an Academy Award nomination for her screenplay of The Awful Truth. Soon thereafter, however, the Delmars chose to exit the screenplay business, even though they continued to live in Hollywood. "We used to do movie scenarios," Viña stated in a 1956 interview with The New York Times Book Review. "There was The Awful Truth many years ago. That was good, and since we didn't like the work we decided to quit while we were winning."
Theater
During the 1930s and 40s, Delmar and her husband continued to churn out short stories, most of which were regularly featured in large-circulation magazines, such as Cosmopolitan and Liberty. By the mid-1940s, the duo had switched gears to the theater, writing the drama The Rich Full Life: A Play in Three Acts, which opened November 9, 1945, in New York City. However, the play failed to find an audience and closed after 27 performancesInternet Broadway Database. The Rich Full Life. (it was however filmed as an Elizabeth Taylor vehicle entitled Cynthia (1947)).Baltimore Sun 26 December 1947 "Two New Films" by Donald Kirkley p. 10. The Delmars found more success with their second effort, Mid-Summer, a comedy that opened at the Vanderbilt Theatre January 21, 1953. The play featured Geraldine Page in her Broadway debut. After a respectable run of 109 performances, Mid-Summer closed April 25, 1953.Internet Broadway Database. Mid-Summer. Warm Wednesday, another comedy, was published in book form by Samuel French, Inc. in 1959, but, evidently, was never produced on Broadway, as there is no reference to the work in the Internet Broadway Database.
Later books
While the Delmars made their initial bid for theatrical success, Viña returned to writing fiction, first with a novel set in antebellum New Orleans, serialized in 1947 in the New York Daily News as I'll Take My Stand and published in softcover as New Orleans Lady in 1949. Soon thereafter, About Mrs. Leslie — publicized as the author's first new novel in many years — was published to moderate success in 1950. Detailing the life and love of a small-time Beverly Hills boarding house owner and the lives of her tenants, the novel's movie rights were purchased prior to its publication with its 1954 filmation proving a considerable success.Internet Movie Database. About Mrs. Leslie.
Three other Delmar novels were published in 1950–51, after which the author again apparently took a sabbatical from writing fiction. In 1956, Beloved, her first novel in five years, was published. As with New Orleans Lady, Beloved was set in the 19th century American South but was focused on actual historical personages, chiefly Judah Benjamin. Also appearing in Beloved was John Slidell who Delmar made the focus of her 1961 novel The Big Family.
On 14 December 1957, Viña Delmar's editorial partner and husband Eugene Delmar died. After his death, Delmar continued to write steadily, producing nine book-length works between 1959 and 1976, all but one of which were published by Harcourt, Brace and Co. Notable among these was The Becker Scandal, which examined the life, trial and execution of New York City policeman Charles Becker. Some in academia consider the work to be autobiographical, while others are more questioning of Delmar's recollections.Dash, Mike. Satan's Circus: Murder, Vice, Police Corruption, and New York's Trial of the Century (New York: Crown, 2007) Delmar's last book, McKeever, was published in 1976.
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