Thaulow is a Norwegian surname shared by several notable people:
Carl Thaulow (1875–1942), Norwegian sailor Frits Thaulow (1847–1906), Norwegian painter Harald Thaulow (1815–1881), Norwegian pharmacist Heinrich Arnold Thaulow (1808–1894), Norwegian physician Nicoline Thaulow, (1807–1885), Norwegian writer Johan Fredrik Thaulow (1840–1912), Norwegian physician Moritz Christian Julius Thaulow (1812–1850), Norwegian chemist Sven Thaulow (1905–1967), Norwegian swimmer