Paraphilias are sexual interests in objects, situations, or individuals that are atypical. The American Psychiatric Association, in its Diagnostic and Statistical Manual, Fifth Edition (DSM), draws a distinction between paraphilias (which it describes as atypical sexual interests) and paraphilic disorders (which additionally require the experience of distress, impairment in functioning or the desire to act on them with a nonconsenting person). Some paraphilias have more than one term to describe them, and some terms overlap with others. Paraphilias without DSM codes listed come under DSM 302.9, "Paraphilia NOS (Not Otherwise Specified)".

In his 2008 book on sexual pathologies, Anil Aggrawal compiled a list of 547 terms describing paraphilic sexual interests. He cautioned, however, that "not all these paraphilias have necessarily been seen in clinical setups. This may not be because they do not exist, but because they are so innocuous they are never brought to the notice of clinicians or dismissed by them. Like allergies, sexual arousal may occur from anything under the sun, including the sun."

Most of the following names for paraphilias, constructed in the nineteenth and especially twentieth centuries from Greek and Latin roots (see List of medical roots, suffixes and prefixes), are used in medical contexts only.

Paraphilias

A

Paraphilia Focus of erotic interestAbasiophiliaPeople with impaired mobility.AcomoclitismA lack of pubic hair.AcrotomophiliaPeople with amputations.AgalmatophiliaStatues, mannequins and immobility.AlgolagniaPain, particularly involving an erogenous zone; differs from masochism as there is a biologically different interpretation of the intense sensation rather than a subjective interpretation.Amaurophilia Being unable to see, i.e. blindness or the presence of a blindfold.AmokoscisiaSlashing and mutilating women.AndromimetophiliaTransgender men.AnililagniaAttraction to older women.AntholagniaFlowers.AnthropophagolagniaRaping and then cannibalizing another person.ApotemnophiliaBeing an amputee.AquaphiliaPeople swimming, posing, or drowning in water.Armpit fetishism or maschalagniaArmpits.AsphyxiophiliaAsphyxia or strangling of oneself or others.Attraction to disabilityPeople with one or more physical disabilities.AutagonistophiliaBeing on stage or on camera.AutassassinophiliaBeing in life-threatening situations.Autoerotic asphyxiationSelf-induced asphyxiation, sometimes to the point of near unconsciousness.AutofellatioPerforming oral sex on oneself (male).AutohemofetishismMaking oneself bleed, a type of hematolagnia.AutonepiophiliaThe image of oneself in the form of an infant.AutopedophiliaThe image of oneself in the form of a child.AutoplushophiliaThe image of oneself in the form of a plush.Autovampirism/vampirismThe image of oneself in the form of a vampire. Involves ingesting or seeing one's own blood.AutozoophiliaThe image of oneself in the form of an animal.

B

Paraphilia Focus of erotic interestBelly fetishism or alvinolagniaThe midriff or belly.Biastophilia or raptophiliaRaping a person, possibly as a consensual rape fantasy.Body inflation fetishismFantasizing about the inflation of body parts.Body modification fetishismTattoos, piercings, scarification, and other body alterations.BondageBeing tied up or physically restrained.Breast fetishism or mazophiliaFemale breasts.

C

Paraphilia Focus of erotic interestCacophiliaLoud or unpleasant sounds.Candaulism Exposing one's partner or images of their partner to others.Cannibalism or anthropophagyIngesting human flesh.CanophiliaDogs.CapnolagniaSmoking.Ribisl KM, Lee RE, Henriksen L, Haladjian HH, "A content analysis of Web sites promoting smoking culture and lifestyle", Health Educ Behav. 2003 Feb;30(1):64-78CheirophiliaHands or hand contact.ChremastistophiliaBeing robbed or held up.ChronophiliaPartners of a widely differing chronological age.ClaustrophiliaConfined or enclosed spaces.ClimacophiliaFalling down stairs.Clothing fetishismSpecific garments such as lingerie, uniforms, or latex wear.Coprophilia (also fecophilia, scatophilia)Feces.CoulrophiliaClowns.Crush fetishismCrushing objects or small animals.Cuckolding fetishism or troilismObserving one's partner engaged in sexual activities with another person.

D

Paraphilia Focus of erotic interestDacryphiliaTears or crying.DendrophiliaTrees.Diaper fetishismDiapers; considerable overlap with paraphilic infantilism.

E

Paraphilia Focus of erotic interestElectrophiliaElectricity or electric stimulation, including shocks.EmetolagniaWatching others vomit (distinct from emetophilia).EmetophiliaVomit.EntomophiliaInsects.EproctophiliaFlatulence.Erotic humiliationBeing humiliated or humiliating others.Erotic lactationLactation and breastfeeding.Erotophonophilia or dacnolagnomaniaMurder, often of strangers.Exhibitionism or peiodeiktophiliaExposing one's genitals to unsuspecting and nonconsenting others.ExophiliaExtraterrestrials.

F

Paraphilia Focus of erotic interestFat fetishism or adipophiliaOverweight or obese people. FeederismEating, feeding, and weight gain.Food play or sitophiliaErotic situations involving food.Foot fetishism or podophiliaFeet.FormicophiliaBeing crawled on by insects.ForniphiliaTurning a human being into a piece of furniture.Free useBeing "used" sexually by a sexual partner whenever they are aroused.FrotteurismRubbing against a non-consenting person.

G

Paraphilia Focus of erotic interestGerontophiliaElderly people.GlobophiliaBalloons, including inflating, popping, or rubbing them.Gynandromorphophilia or gynemimetophiliaTransgender women.GynephiliaFemales or femininity, regardless of one's own sex or gender identity.

H

Paraphilia Focus of erotic interestHair fetishism or trichophiliaHair.Hand fetishism or cheirophiliaHands.HematolagniaDrinking or looking at blood.HeterophiliaIdealization of heterosexuality or people who are "straight-acting", especially by non-heterosexual people.Wood, Mitchell J. (2004). The Gay Male Gaze: Body image disturbance and gender oppression among gay men. In Lipton, Benjamin (ed.) Gay Men Living with Chronic Illnesses and Disabilities: From Crisis to Crossroads. Psychology Press, Kantor, Martin (1999). The Paraphilias, in Treating Emotional Disorder in Gay Men, pp. 67 ff. Greenwood Publishing Group, HierophiliaReligious/sacred objects.HoplophiliaFirearms, guns.HybristophiliaCriminals, particularly those who committed cruel or outrageous crimes.

I

Paraphilia Focus of erotic interestImpregnation fetishismThe event of being impregnated or impregnating another person.InfantophiliaChildren less than five years old; a recently suggested term that is not in general use..

K

Paraphilia Focus of erotic interestKatoptronophiliaMirrors.Kleptolagnia or kleptophiliaStealing; a form of kleptomania.KlismaphiliaEnemas, arousal and enjoyment in receiving, administering, or both.

L

Paraphilia Focus of erotic interestLactophilia or galactophiliaBreast milk, breastfeeding or sucking on a woman's breasts.Leg fetishism or crurophiliaLegs.Resnick, J. (2011). Far-out Philias and Phobias. Psychotherapy in Australia, 17(4), 65.LesbophiliaAttraction to lesbians.

M

Paraphilia Focus of erotic interestMacrophiliaGiant beings; imagined growth of beings.MasochismSuffering or humiliation; being beaten, bound, or otherwise abused.MechanophiliaCars or other machines; also "mechaphilia".MelolagniaMusic.MenophiliaMenstruation.MetrophiliaPoetry.MicrophiliaShrunken beings; imagined shrinking of beings.MorphophiliaParticular body shapes or sizes.MucophiliaMucus.MysophiliaDirtiness, soiled or decaying things.

N

Paraphilia Focus of erotic interestNarratophiliaObscene words.Navel fetishism or alvinophiliaNavels.NecrophiliaCorpses.Nose fetishism or nasophiliaNoses.

O

Paraphilia Focus of erotic interestObjectophiliaSpecific inanimate objects.OculolinctusThe act of licking the eyes of another person for the purpose of gratification.OdaxelagniaBiting or being bitten.Olfactophilia or bromidrophiliaSmells and odors (particularly foul ones) emanating from the body, especially the sexual areas or from the opposite sex (as from bad breath, urine, feces, flatulence, etc.).OmorashiHaving a full bladder or wetting oneself, or from seeing someone else experiencing a full bladder or wetting themself.

P

Paraphilia Focus of erotic interestParaphilic infantilism (also autonepiophilia, adult baby syndrome)Dressing or being treated like a baby; considerable overlap with diaper fetishism.PartialismSpecific, non-genital body parts.PedophiliaPreadolescent children; also spelled paedophilia.PedovestismDressing like a child.PictophiliaPornography or erotic art, particularly pictures.PiquerismPiercing the flesh of another person, most commonly by stabbing or cutting the body with sharp objects.PlushophiliaStuffed toys ("plushies").Pregnancy fetishism or maiesiophiliaPregnant women.PygophiliaButtocks.PyrophiliaFire.

R

Paraphilia Focus of erotic interestRobot fetishism or robophiliaHumanoid robots.

S

Paraphilia Focus of erotic interestSadismInflicting pain on others.SalirophiliaSoiling or dirtying others.Sexual fetishismNonliving objects.Shoe fetishismShoes, especially high heels.Somnophilia or dormaphiliaBeing asleep or unconscious, or pretending to be asleep or unconscious.SophophiliaLearning.SthenolagniaMuscles and displays of strength.StigmatophiliaBody piercings and tattoos.SymphorophiliaWitnessing or staging disasters such as car accidents.

T

Paraphilia Focus of erotic interestTelephone Scatologia (also scatophilia, telephonicophilia)Obscene phone calls, particularly to strangers.Tentacle eroticaTentacles and tentacle creaturesTeratophiliaDeformed or monstrous people. The term is also sometimes used in a more literal sense (from ancient Greek , , meaning monster) for attraction to monstrous mythical and fictional creatures such as werewolves.Tickling fetishism or knismolagniaTickling.TimophiliaGold, wealth, or social status.ToucherismTouching an unsuspecting, non-consenting person with the hand.ToxophiliaArchery.Transvestic fetishismCross-dressing.

U

Paraphilia Focus of erotic interestUrolagnia or water sportsUrination, particularly in public, on others or being urinated on.

V

Paraphilia Focus of erotic interestVorarephilia or vore The idea of one person or creature eating or being eaten by another; usually swallowed whole, in one piece.Voyeurism or scopophiliaWatching unsuspecting people while naked/undressing, engaging in sexual intercourse or other sexual activity, using the toilet, showering/bathing, or inadvertently flashing.

W

Paraphilia Focus of erotic interestWet and messy fetishismMessy situations, including, but not limited to, being pied, slimed, or covered in mud.WetlookThe wearing of wet clothing.

X Paraphilia Focus of erotic interestXenophiliaForeign peoples, cultures, or customs.

Z

Paraphilia Focus of erotic interestZoophiliaNon-human animals.ZoosadismInflicting pain on animals, or seeing animals in pain.

See also

Courtship disorders Erotic target location errors List of phobias Lovemaps Perversion Sexual fetishism

References