Lugo is one of the 52 constituencies represented in the Congress of Deputies, the lower chamber of the Spanish parliament, the . The constituency (whose boundaries correspond to those of the homonymous province) currently elects four deputies. The electoral system uses the D'Hondt method and closed-list proportional voting, with a minimum threshold of three percent.

Electoral system The constituency was created as per the Political Reform Law and was first contested in the 1977 general election. The Law provided for the provinces of Spain to be established as multi-member districts in the Congress of Deputies,. with this regulation being maintained under the Spanish Constitution of 1978.. Additionally, the Constitution requires for any modification of the provincial limits to be approved under an organic law, needing an absolute majority in the Cortes Generales..

Voting is based on universal suffrage, comprising all Spanish nationals over 18 years of age with full political rights, provided that they have not been deprived of the right to vote by a final sentence.. The only exception was in 1977, when this was limited to nationals over 21 years of age and in full enjoyment of their political and civil rights.; . Amendments in 2011 required non-resident citizens to apply for voting, a system known as "begged" voting ().. which was abolished in 2022. Further, amendments in 2018 granted the right to vote to those legally incapacitated. The Congress of Deputies has a minimum of 300 and a maximum of 400 seats, with electoral provisions fixing its size at 350. Of these, 348 are elected in 50 multi-member constituencies corresponding to the provinces of Spain—each of which is assigned an initial minimum of two seats and the remaining 248 distributed in proportion to population—using the D'Hondt method and closed-list proportional voting, with a three percent-threshold of valid votes (including blank ballots) in each constituency. The remaining two seats are allocated to Ceuta and Melilla as single-member districts elected by plurality voting.; ; ; . The use of this electoral method may result in a higher effective threshold depending on district magnitude and vote distribution. The law does not provide for by-elections to fill vacant seats; instead, any vacancies arising after the proclamation of candidates and during the legislative term are filled by the next candidates on the party lists or, when required, by designated substitutes.; .

The electoral law allows for parties and federations registered in the interior ministry, alliances and groupings of electors to present lists of candidates. Parties and federations intending to form an alliance are required to inform the relevant electoral commission within 10 days of the election call—15 before 1985—whereas groupings of electors need to secure the signature of at least one percent of the electorate in the constituencies for which they seek election—one permille of the electorate, with a compulsory minimum of 500 signatures, until 1985—disallowing electors from signing for more than one list. Also since 2011, parties, federations or alliances that have not obtained a mandate in either chamber of the at the preceding election are required to secure the signature of at least 0.1 percent of electors in the aforementioned constituencies.; . Amendments in 2007 required a balanced composition of men and women in the electoral lists, so that candidates of either sex made up at least 40 percent of the total composition; further amendments in 2024 required the use of a zipper system..

Deputies Deputies 1977–present Legislature Election Distribution Constituent 1977 4 1 1st 1979 1 3 1 2nd 1982 1 1 3 3rd 1986 2 3 4th 1989 2 3 5th 1993 2 3 6th 1996 1 3 7th 2000 1 3 8th 2004 2 2 9th 2008 2 2 10th 2011 1 3 11th 2015 1 1 2 12th 2016 1 1 2 13th 2019 (Apr) 2 2 14th 2019 (Nov) 2 2 15th 2023 1 3

General elections 2023 + Summary of the 23 July 2023 Congress of Deputies election results in Lugo Parties and alliances Popular vote Seats Votes % ±pp Total +/− People's Party (PP) 99,769 50.24 +12.20 3 +1 Socialists' Party of Galicia (PSdeG–PSOE) 60,163 30.30 –1.64 1 –1 Galician Nationalist Bloc (BNG) 17,197 8.66 +1.48 0 ±0 Unite Galicia (Sumar)1 10,287 5.18 –4.01 0 ±0 Vox (Vox) 8,643 4.35 –3.78 0 ±0 Animalist Party with the Environment (PACMA)2 645 0.32 –0.34 0 ±0 Workers' Front (FO) 233 0.12 New 0 ±0 For a Fairer World (PUM+J) 149 0.08 –0.04 0 ±0 Communist Party of the Workers of Galicia (PCTG) 116 0.06 –0.01 0 ±0 Zero Cuts (Recortes Cero) 113 0.06 –0.07 0 ±0 Blank ballots 1,251 0.63 –0.53 Total 198,566 4 ±0 Valid votes 198,566 98.93 +0.57 Invalid votes 2,143 1.07 –0.57 Votes cast / turnout 200,709 59.42 +6.25 Abstentions 137,046 40.58 –6.25 Registered voters 337,755 Sources

November 2019 + Summary of the 10 November 2019 Congress of Deputies election results in Lugo Parties and alliances Popular vote Seats Votes % ±pp Total +/− People's Party (PP) 68,530 38.04 +4.44 2 ±0 Socialists' Party of Galicia (PSdeG–PSOE) 57,537 31.94 –1.28 2 ±0 In Common–United We Can (Podemos–EU) 16,548 9.19 –0.95 0 ±0 Vox (Vox) 14,652 8.13 +2.40 0 ±0 Galician Nationalist Bloc (BNG) 12,940 7.18 +2.35 0 ±0 Citizens–Party of the Citizenry (Cs) 5,811 3.23 –5.68 0 ±0 Animalist Party Against Mistreatment of Animals (PACMA) 1,190 0.66 –0.14 0 ±0 Zero Cuts–Green Group (Recortes Cero–GV) 237 0.13 –0.02 0 ±0 For a Fairer World (PUM+J) 221 0.12 New 0 ±0 Spanish Communist Workers' Party (PCOE) 178 0.10 New 0 ±0 Communist Party of the Workers of Galicia (PCTG) 135 0.07 –0.08 0 ±0 XXI Convergence (C21) 72 0.04 ±0.00 0 ±0 Blank ballots 2,094 1.16 ±0.00 Total 180,145 4 ±0 Valid votes 180,145 98.36 +0.20 Invalid votes 2,996 1.64 –0.20 Votes cast / turnout 183,141 53.17 –5.88 Abstentions 161,305 46.83 +5.88 Registered voters 344,446 Sources

April 2019 + Summary of the 28 April 2019 Congress of Deputies election results in Lugo Parties and alliances Popular vote Seats Votes % ±pp Total +/− People's Party (PP) 67,191 33.60 –13.83 2 ±0 Socialists' Party of Galicia (PSdeG–PSOE) 66,441 33.22 +9.49 2 +1 In Common–United We Can (Podemos–EU–Mareas en Común–Equo)1 20,282 10.14 –6.83 0 –1 Citizens–Party of the Citizenry (Cs) 17,812 8.91 +1.99 0 ±0 Vox (Vox) 11,450 5.73 New 0 ±0 Galician Nationalist Bloc (BNG) 9,658 4.83 +2.23 0 ±0 In Tide (En Marea) 2,168 1.08 New 0 ±0 Animalist Party Against Mistreatment of Animals (PACMA) 1,602 0.80 –0.20 0 ±0 Commitment to Galicia (CxG) 391 0.20 New 0 ±0 Zero Cuts–Green Group (Recortes Cero–GV) 306 0.15 –0.12 0 ±0 Communist Party of the Workers of Galicia (PCTG) 304 0.15 New 0 ±0 XXI Convergence (C21) 73 0.04 New 0 ±0 Blank ballots 2,320 1.16 +0.08 Total 199,998 4 ±0 Valid votes 199,998 98.16 –0.15 Invalid votes 3,753 1.84 +0.15 Votes cast / turnout 203,751 59.05 +2.74 Abstentions 141,287 40.95 –2.74 Registered voters 345,038 Sources

2016 + Summary of the 26 June 2016 Congress of Deputies election results in Lugo Parties and alliances Popular vote Seats Votes % ±pp Total +/− People's Party (PP) 91,516 47.43 +4.92 2 ±0 Socialists' Party of Galicia (PSdeG–PSOE) 45,796 23.73 –0.25 1 ±0 In Tide (Podemos–Anova–EU) 32,752 16.97 –2.27 1 ±0 Citizens–Party of the Citizenry (C's) 13,343 6.92 –0.67 0 ±0 Galician Nationalist Bloc–We–Galician Candidacy (BNG–Nós)1 5,009 2.60 –0.97 0 ±0 Animalist Party Against Mistreatment of Animals (PACMA) 1,939 1.00 +0.20 0 ±0 Zero Cuts–Green Group (Recortes Cero–GV) 514 0.27 +0.05 0 ±0 Blank ballots 2,088 1.08 –0.12 Total 192,957 4 ±0 Valid votes 192,957 98.31 +0.11 Invalid votes 3,315 1.69 –0.11 Votes cast / turnout 196,272 56.31 –2.93 Abstentions 152,289 43.69 +2.93 Registered voters 348,561 Sources

2015 + Summary of the 20 December 2015 Congress of Deputies election results in Lugo Parties and alliances Popular vote Seats Votes % ±pp Total +/− People's Party (PP) 86,446 42.51 –13.59 2 –1 Socialists' Party of Galicia (PSdeG–PSOE) 48,772 23.98 –4.37 1 ±0 In Tide (Podemos–Anova–EU)1 39,122 19.24 +16.19 1 +1 Citizens–Party of the Citizenry (C's) 15,441 7.59 New 0 ±0 We–Galician Candidacy (Nós)2 7,253 3.57 –5.58 0 ±0 Animalist Party Against Mistreatment of Animals (PACMA) 1,633 0.80 +0.31 0 ±0 Union, Progress and Democracy (UPyD) 971 0.48 –0.45 0 ±0 Zero Cuts–Green Group (Recortes Cero–GV) 443 0.22 New 0 ±0 Communists of Galicia (PCPE–CdG) 421 0.21 New 0 ±0 Land Party (PT) 405 0.20 New 0 ±0 Blank ballots 2,445 1.20 –0.48 Total 203,352 4 ±0 Valid votes 203,352 98.20 –0.01 Invalid votes 3,732 1.80 +0.01 Votes cast / turnout 207,084 59.24 –3.57 Abstentions 142,463 40.76 +3.57 Registered voters 349,547 Sources

2011 + Summary of the 20 November 2011 Congress of Deputies election results in Lugo Parties and alliances Popular vote Seats Votes % ±pp Total +/− People's Party (PP) 121,422 56.10 +11.58 3 +1 Socialists' Party of Galicia (PSdeG–PSOE) 61,357 28.35 –13.10 1 –1 Galician Nationalist Bloc (BNG) 19,811 9.15 –1.64 0 ±0 United Left–The Greens: Plural Left (EU–V) 6,603 3.05 +2.10 0 ±0 Union, Progress and Democracy (UPyD) 2,020 0.93 +0.46 0 ±0 Animalist Party Against Mistreatment of Animals (PACMA) 1,054 0.49 New 0 ±0 Communist Unification of Spain (UCE) 293 0.14 New 0 ±0 XXI Convergence (C.XXI) 247 0.11 New 0 ±0 Blank ballots 3,628 1.68 +0.77 Total 216,435 4 ±0 Valid votes 216,435 98.21 –1.08 Invalid votes 3,944 1.79 +1.08 Votes cast / turnout 220,379 62.81 –9.20 Abstentions 130,472 37.19 +9.20 Registered voters 350,851 Sources

2008 + Summary of the 9 March 2008 Congress of Deputies election results in Lugo Parties and alliances Popular vote Seats Votes % ±pp Total +/− People's Party (PP) 110,312 44.52 –5.19 2 ±0 Socialists' Party of Galicia (PSdeG–PSOE) 102,693 41.45 +4.28 2 ±0 Galician Nationalist Bloc (BNG) 26,743 10.79 +0.64 0 ±0 United Left–Alternative (EU–IU) 2,358 0.95 –0.08 0 ±0 Union, Progress and Democracy (UPyD) 1,168 0.47 New 0 ±0 The Greens of Europe (LVdE) 551 0.22 New 0 ±0 Social Democratic Party (PSD) 383 0.15 New 0 ±0 For a Fairer World (PUM+J) 266 0.11 New 0 ±0 Communist Party of the Galician People (PCPG) 188 0.08 New 0 ±0 Alternative in Blank (ABLA) 182 0.07 New 0 ±0 Family and Life Party (PFyV) 178 0.07 New 0 ±0 Spanish Phalanx of the CNSO (FE de las JONS) 154 0.06 +0.03 0 ±0 Citizens–Party of the Citizenry (C's) 124 0.05 New 0 ±0 Humanist Party (PH) 123 0.05 –0.06 0 ±0 National Alliance (AN) 58 0.02 New 0 ±0 Spanish Alternative (AES) 37 0.01 New 0 ±0 Blank ballots 2,252 0.91 –0.27 Total 247,770 4 ±0 Valid votes 247,770 99.29 +0.01 Invalid votes 1,764 0.71 –0.01 Votes cast / turnout 249,534 72.01 –0.30 Abstentions 97,000 27.99 +0.30 Registered voters 346,534 Sources

2004 + Summary of the 14 March 2004 Congress of Deputies election results in Lugo Parties and alliances Popular vote Seats Votes % ±pp Total +/− People's Party (PP) 123,986 49.71 –8.26 2 –1 Socialists' Party of Galicia (PSdeG–PSOE) 92,708 37.17 +14.26 2 +1 Galician Nationalist Bloc (BNG) 25,313 10.15 –6.02 0 ±0 United Left (EU–IU) 2,570 1.03 +0.04 0 ±0 Party of Self-employed and Professionals (AUTONOMO) 323 0.13 ±0.00 0 ±0 Humanist Party (PH) 274 0.11 +0.04 0 ±0 Democratic and Social Centre (CDS) 271 0.11 –0.02 0 ±0 Galician People's Front (FPG) 220 0.09 +0.02 0 ±0 Galician Coalition (CG) 211 0.08 –0.07 0 ±0 National Democracy (DN) 150 0.06 New 0 ±0 Spanish Democratic Party (PADE) 132 0.05 +0.02 0 ±0 Republican Left–Galician Republican Left (IR–ERG) 122 0.05 New 0 ±0 Spanish Phalanx of the CNSO (FE de las JONS) 81 0.03 New 0 ±0 The Phalanx (FE) 70 0.03 –0.02 0 ±0 Republican Social Movement (MSR) 68 0.03 New 0 ±0 Blank ballots 2,935 1.18 +0.10 Total 249,434 4 ±0 Valid votes 249,434 99.28 ±0.00 Invalid votes 1,809 0.72 ±0.00 Votes cast / turnout 251,243 72.31 +4.58 Abstentions 96,190 27.69 –4.58 Registered voters 347,433 Sources

2000