An election was held in Spain on 12 June 1994 as part of the concurrent EU-wide election to the 4th European Parliament. All 64 seats allocated to the Spanish constituency as per the 1993 Council Decision amending the Direct Elections Act were up for election. It was held concurrently with a regional election in Andalusia.

The election was held against the backdrop of the early 1990s recession and a string of corruption scandals affecting the ruling Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE) of Prime Minister Felipe González. The most recent involved former Civil Guard director Luis Roldán (in what came to be known as the Roldán affair), who had fled the country in early 1994 when it was discovered that he had used his office to amass a fortune through fraudulent means, resulting in the resignation of interior minister Antoni Asunción in the month leading to the election. The People's Party (PP) won in a landslide victory, the first PP win over the PSOE in a nationwide election.

Overview Electoral system Voting for the European Parliament in Spain was based on universal suffrage, which comprised all Spanish nationals and resident non-national European citizens over 18 years of age with full political rights, provided that they had not been deprived of the right to vote by a final sentence, nor were legally incapacitated..

64 European Parliament seats were allocated to Spain as per the 1993 Council Decision amending the Direct Elections Act.; ; . All were elected in a single multi-member constituency—comprising the entire national territory—using the D'Hondt method and closed-list proportional voting, with no electoral threshold.. The use of this electoral method resulted in an effective threshold depending on district magnitude and vote distribution.

The law did not provide for by-elections to fill vacant seats; instead, any vacancies arising after the proclamation of candidates and during the legislative term were filled by the next candidates on the party lists or, when required, by designated substitutes..

Outgoing delegation

The table below shows the composition of the Spanish delegation in the chamber at the time of the election call.

+ Delegation composition in May 1994 Groups Parties MEPs Seats Total Party of European Socialists PSOE 28 28 European People's Party PP 16 17 UDC 1 Liberal and Democratic Reformist Group CDS 3 5 CDC 1 Foro 1 Rainbow Group ERC 1 3 PA 1 CG 1 European Democratic Alliance ARM 2 2 Non-Inscrits IU 3 5 IC 1 HB 1

Parties and candidates The electoral law allowed for parties and federations registered in the interior ministry, alliances and groupings of electors to present lists of candidates. Parties and federations intending to form an alliance were required to inform the relevant electoral commission within 10 days of the election call. In order to be entitled to run, parties, federations, alliances and groupings of electors needed to secure the signature of at least 15,000 registered electors; this requirement could be lifted and replaced through the signature of at least 50 elected officials—deputies, senators, MEPs or members from the legislative assemblies of autonomous communities or from local city councils. Electors and elected officials were disallowed from signing for more than one list..

Below is a list of the main parties and alliances which contested the election:

Candidacy Parties andalliances Leading candidate Ideology Previous result Vote % Seats PSOE Fernando Morán Social democracy 40.2% PP Abel Matutes ConservatismChristian democracy 21.4% Foro–CDS Eduard Punset CentrismLiberalism 7.1% IU Alonso Puerta SocialismCommunism 6.1% CiU Carles Gasòliba Catalan nationalismCentrism 4.5% Ruiz-Mateos José María Ruiz-Mateos Right-wing populism 3.8% CN Josu Jon Imaz Peripheral nationalismRegionalism 2.6% PA–PAP Diego de los Santos Andalusian nationalismSocial democracy 1.9% HB Karmelo Landa Basque independenceAbertzale leftRevolutionary socialism 1.7% PEP Carlos Garaikoetxea Left-wing nationalism 1.4%

Opinion polls The table below lists voting intention estimates in reverse chronological order, showing the most recent first and using the dates when the survey fieldwork was done, as opposed to the date of publication. Where the fieldwork dates are unknown, the date of publication is given instead. The highest percentage figure in each polling survey is displayed with its background shaded in the leading party's colour. If a tie ensues, this is applied to the figures with the highest percentages. The "Lead" column on the right shows the percentage-point difference between the parties with the highest percentages in a given poll. When available, seat projections are also displayed below the voting estimates in a smaller font.

Polling firm/Commissioner Fieldwork date Sample size Turnout CN PEP Lead 1994 EP election 12 Jun 1994 59.1 30.8 40.1 1.0 13.4 4.7 2.8 0.8 1.0 1.3 9.3 Demoscopia/Tele 5 12 Jun 1994???? –??? –??? Vox Pública/Antena 3 12 Jun 1994???? –??? –??? Eco Consulting/RTVE 12 Jun 1994?? 30.1 38.1 0.8 14.0 4.9 2.8 0.8 1.1 1.5 8.0 ICP–Research/Diario 16 5 Jun 1994 2,000? 30.3 32.1 1.3 15.1 4.7 3.1 1.0 1.1 2.0 1.8 Gallup/Avui 5 Jun 1994 2,001? 31.9 36.3 1.0 14.6 5.6 3.1 0.6 0.9 1.0 4.4 Sigma Dos/El Mundo 4 Jun 1994 3,000? 30.2 39.8 0.7 15.0 4.7? – –? 9.6 Sigma Dos–Vox Pública/Antena 3 3–4 Jun 1994?? 30.6 40.2 – 13.7 – – – – – 9.6 Vox Pública/El Periódico 31 May–2 Jun 1994 1,303 61.8 30.5 40.7 1.3 15.2 4.1 2.5 – – 1.1 10.2 CIS 27 May–2 Jun 1994 4,073 72.7 32.5 37.5 1.0 14.1 5.1 2.8 – 0.9 1.6 5.0 Opina/La Vanguardia 30 May–1 Jun 1994 2,000? 34.0 39.0 1.0 14.0 5.0 1.5 – 0.5 1.0 5.0 Demoscopia/El País 29–31 May 1994 2,500 63–68 31.0 37.3 1.3 13.5 5.0 2.8 0.9 1.0 1.9 6.3 Gruppo/ABC 28–30 May 1994 2,000 59.1 31.1 39.2 0.7 14.4 5.0 1.8? –? 8.1 CIS 21–26 May 1994 2,501? 33.2 36.4 – 16.0 5.1 1.7 – – – 3.2 CIS 12–16 May 1994 2,499? 34.3 36.0 – 13.9 3.9 1.2 – – – 1.7 Sigma Dos/El Mundo 14 May 1994?? 32.8 37.6 – 13.5 4.9 2.3 – – – 4.8 Gruppo/ABC 7–10 May 1994 2,000 57.1 31.7 38.5 0.8 14.0 4.7 2.2? –? 6.8 Opina/La Vanguardia 8–11 Apr 1994 2,000? 36.0 38.0 1.0 12.0 5.0 1.5 – 0.5 0.5 2.0 Sigma Dos/El Mundo 23–24 Mar 1994 1,000? 34.4 37.7? 11.2 4.5 2.9 1.4? – 3.3 Gallup/ABC 10 Jan–28 Feb 1994 4,010 68.7 32.4 39.1 – 10.8 5.3 1.8 – – – 6.7 Gallup/ABC 19–29 Dec 1993 1,008 70.0 33.8 38.6 – 10.4 5.1 1.6 – – – 4.8 1989 EP election 15 Jun 1989 54.7 39.6 21.4 7.1 6.1 4.2 1.9 1.9 1.7 1.5 18.2

Results Overall

+ ← Summary of the 12 June 1994 European Parliament election results in Spain → Parties and alliances Popular vote Seats Votes % ±pp Total +/− People's Party (PP) 7,453,900 40.12 +18.71 28 +13 Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE)1 5,719,707 30.79 −9.43 22 −5 United Left (IU) 2,497,671 13.44 +7.38 9 +5 Convergence and Union (CiU)2 865,913 4.66 +0.12 3 +1 Nationalist Coalition (CN)3 518,532 2.79 +0.18 2 +1 For the Europe of the Peoples (PEP)4 239,339 1.29 −0.14 0 −1 Forum–Democratic and Social Centre (Foro–CDS) 183,418 0.99 −6.16 0 −5 Popular Unity (HB) 180,324 0.97 −0.73 0 −1 Andalusian Coalition–Andalusian Power (PA–PAP)5 140,445 0.76 −1.10 0 −1 Galician Nationalist Bloc (BNG) 139,221 0.75 +0.46 0 ±0 Green Group (GV) 109,567 0.59 New 0 ±0 Ruiz-Mateos Group (Ruiz-Mateos) 82,410 0.44 −3.40 0 −2 The Greens–Ecologist Confederation of Catalonia (EV–CEC)6 42,237 0.23 −0.07 0 ±0 Communist Party of the Peoples of Spain (PCPE) 29,692 0.16 −0.34 0 ±0 Hunting, Fishing, Nature, Tradition (CPNT) 29,025 0.16 New 0 ±0 Revolutionary Workers' Party (POR) 16,144 0.09 New 0 ±0 Asturianist Party (PAS)7 14,846 0.08 +0.05 0 ±0 United Extremadura (EU)8 13,580 0.07 ±0.00 0 ±0 Spanish Phalanx of the CNSO (FE–JONS) 11,733 0.06 −0.09 0 ±0 Regionalist Unity of Castile and León (URCL) 10,019 0.05 New 0 ±0 Natural Law Party (PLN) 7,845 0.04 New 0 ±0 Humanist Party (PH) 7,499 0.04 −0.08 0 ±0 Coalition for a New Socialist Party (CNPS)9 7,349 0.04 −0.07 0 ±0 Regionalist Party of the Leonese Country (PREPAL) 6,197 0.03 New 0 ±0 Independent Spanish Phalanx (FEI) 5,602 0.03 New 0 ±0 Carlist Traditionalist Communion (CTC) 5,226 0.03 New 0 ±0 Justice and Welfare Party (JyB) 4,992 0.03 New 0 ±0 Extremaduran Regionalist Party (PREx) 4,836 0.03 New 0 ±0 National Democratic Alternative (ADN) 4,689 0.03 New 0 ±0 Carlist Party (PC) 4,640 0.02 −0.03 0 ±0 Galician Alternative (AG) 4,431 0.02 New 0 ±0 GPOR–PST (LVS) Coalition (GPOR–PST)10 3,765 0.02 −0.22 0 ±0 Lanzarote Independents Party (PIL) 0 0.00 New 0 ±0 The Greens of the Region of Murcia (LVRM) 0 0.00 New 0 ±0 Canarian Nationalist Party (PNC) 0 0.00 New 0 ±0 Left of the Peoples (IP)11 n/a n/a −0.81 0 −1 Blank ballots 213,621 1.15 −0.12 Total 18,578,415 64 +4 Valid votes 18,578,415 99.54 +0.56 Invalid votes 85,640 0.46 −0.56 Votes cast / turnout 18,664,055 59.14 +4.43 Abstentions 12,894,944 40.86 −4.43 Registered voters 31,558,999 Sources

Maps

Distribution by European group + Summary of political group distribution in the 4th European Parliament (1994–1999) Groups Parties Seats Total % European People's Party (EPP)People's Party (PP) Navarrese People's Union (UPN) Democratic Union of Catalonia (UDC) Basque Nationalist Party (EAJ/PNV) 27111 30 46.88 Party of European Socialists (PES)Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE) 22 22 34.38 European United Left (EUL)United Left (IU) 9 9 14.06 European Liberal Democrat and Reform Party (ELDR)Democratic Convergence of Catalonia (CDC) 2 2 3.13 European Radical Alliance (ERA)Canarian Coalition (CC) 1 1 1.56 Total 64 64 100.00

Elected legislators The following table lists the elected legislators:

Elected legislators # Name List 1 Abel Matutes Juan PP 2 Fernando Morán López PSOE 3 Celia Villalobos Talero PP 4 Francisca Sauquillo Pérez del Arco PSOE 5 Alonso José Puerta Gutiérrez IU 6 Mercedes de la Merced Monge PP 7 Enrique Barón Crespo PSOE 8 José María Gil-Robles Gil-Delgado PP 9 Miguel Arias Cañete PP 10 Ludivina García Arias PSOE 11 Antoni Gutiérrez Díaz IU 12 María Teresa Estevan Bolea PP 13 Josep Verde i Aldea PSOE 14 José Manuel García-Margallo Marfil PP 15 Ana Clara María Miranda de Lage PSOE 16 María del Carmen Fraga Estévez PP 17 Carles-Alfred Gasoliba i Bohm CiU 18 Laura González Álvarez IU 19 Luis Campoy Zueco PP 20 Pedro Aparicio Sánchez PSOE 21 Ana Isabel Palacio Vallelersundi PP 22 José María Mendiluce Pereiro PSOE 23 Carlos Robles Piquer PP 24 Manuel Medina Ortega PSOE 25 María Sornosa Martínez IU 26 Juan Manuel Fabra Vallés PP 27 Gerardo Fernández Albor PP 28 María Izquierdo Rojo PSOE 29 Fernando Fernández Martín PP 30 Josep Enrique Pons Grau PSOE 31 Josu Jon Imaz San Miguel CN 32 María Jesús Aramburu del Río IU 33 Jaime Valdivielso de Cue PP 34 Joan Colom i Naval PSOE 35 Encarnación Redondo Jiménez PP 36 Juan Luis Colino Salamanca PSOE 37 Iñigo Méndez de Vigo Montojo PP 38 Concepcio Ferrer i Casals CiU 39 Salvador Jove Peres IU 40 Javier Areitio Toledo PP 41 Carmen Díez de Rivera Icaza PSOE 42 Joaquín Sisó Cruellas PP 43 Juan de Dios Izquierdo Collado PSOE 44 Laura Elena Esteban Martín PP 45 Jesús Cabezón Alonso PSOE 46 Carlos Carnero González IU 47 Daniel Varela Suances-Carpegna PP 48 José Gerardo Galeote Quecedo PP 49 Bárbara Duhrkop Duhrkop PSOE 50 José Ignacio Salafranca Sánchez-Neyra PP 51 Antonio González Triviño PSOE 52 Ángela del Carmen Sierra González IU 53 José Antonio Escudero López PP 54 Francisco Javier Sanz Fernández PSOE 55 Francisca Bennasar Tous PP 56 Joan María Vallvé i Ribera CiU 57 José Luis Valverde López PP 58 Manuela de Frutos Gama PSOE 59 Pedro Marset Campos IU 60 Salvador Garriga Polledo PP 61 Fernando Pérez Royo PSOE 62 Julio Añoveros Trias de Bes PP 63 Ana Terrón i Cusi PSOE 64 Isidoro Sánchez García CN

Notes

References Opinion poll sources

Other

Bibliography

External links European elections Spain in Europe Politique.