Salamanca is one of the 52 constituencies represented in the Congress of Deputies, the lower chamber of the Spanish parliament, the . The constituency (whose boundaries correspond to those of the homonymous province) currently elects four deputies. The electoral system uses the D'Hondt method and closed-list proportional voting, with a minimum threshold of three percent.

Electoral system The constituency was created as per the Political Reform Law and was first contested in the 1977 general election. The Law provided for the provinces of Spain to be established as multi-member districts in the Congress of Deputies,. with this regulation being maintained under the Spanish Constitution of 1978.. Additionally, the Constitution requires for any modification of the provincial limits to be approved under an organic law, needing an absolute majority in the Cortes Generales..

Voting is based on universal suffrage, comprising all Spanish nationals over 18 years of age with full political rights, provided that they have not been deprived of the right to vote by a final sentence.. The only exception was in 1977, when this was limited to nationals over 21 years of age and in full enjoyment of their political and civil rights.; . Amendments in 2011 required non-resident citizens to apply for voting, a system known as "begged" voting ().. which was abolished in 2022. Further, amendments in 2018 granted the right to vote to those legally incapacitated. The Congress of Deputies has a minimum of 300 and a maximum of 400 seats, with electoral provisions fixing its size at 350. Of these, 348 are elected in 50 multi-member constituencies corresponding to the provinces of Spain—each of which is assigned an initial minimum of two seats and the remaining 248 distributed in proportion to population—using the D'Hondt method and closed-list proportional voting, with a three percent-threshold of valid votes (including blank ballots) in each constituency. The remaining two seats are allocated to Ceuta and Melilla as single-member districts elected by plurality voting.; ; ; . The use of this electoral method may result in a higher effective threshold depending on district magnitude and vote distribution. The law does not provide for by-elections to fill vacant seats; instead, any vacancies arising after the proclamation of candidates and during the legislative term are filled by the next candidates on the party lists or, when required, by designated substitutes.; .

The electoral law allows for parties and federations registered in the interior ministry, alliances and groupings of electors to present lists of candidates. Parties and federations intending to form an alliance are required to inform the relevant electoral commission within 10 days of the election call—15 before 1985—whereas groupings of electors need to secure the signature of at least one percent of the electorate in the constituencies for which they seek election—one permille of the electorate, with a compulsory minimum of 500 signatures, until 1985—disallowing electors from signing for more than one list. Also since 2011, parties, federations or alliances that have not obtained a mandate in either chamber of the at the preceding election are required to secure the signature of at least 0.1 percent of electors in the aforementioned constituencies.; . Amendments in 2007 required a balanced composition of men and women in the electoral lists, so that candidates of either sex made up at least 40 percent of the total composition; further amendments in 2024 required the use of a zipper system..

Deputies Deputies 1977–present Legislature Election Distribution Constituent 1977 1 3 1st 1979 1 3 2nd 1982 3 1 3rd 1986 2 1 1 4th 1989 2 2 5th 1993 2 2 6th 1996 1 3 7th 2000 1 3 8th 2004 2 2 9th 2008 2 2 10th 2011 1 3 11th 2015 1 1 2 12th 2016 1 3 13th 2019 (Apr) 1 1 2 14th 2019 (Nov) 1 2 1 15th 2023 1 3

General elections 2023 + Summary of the 23 July 2023 Congress of Deputies election results in Salamanca Parties and alliances Popular vote Seats Votes % ±pp Total +/− People's Party (PP) 93,318 46.87 +12.17 3 +1 Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE) 60,718 30.49 +1.04 1 ±0 Vox (Vox) 29,203 14.67 –3.23 0 –1 Unite (Sumar)1 11,012 5.53 –1.44 0 ±0 Empty Spain (España Vaciada) 1,062 0.53 New 0 ±0 Animalist Party with the Environment (PACMA)2 631 0.32 –0.17 0 ±0 Regionalist Party of the Leonese Country (PREPAL) 489 0.25 +0.09 0 ±0 Communist Party of the Workers of Spain (PCTE) 325 0.16 +0.06 0 ±0 Workers' Front (FO) 278 0.14 New 0 ±0 For a Fairer World (PUM+J) 205 0.10 –0.04 0 ±0 Walking Together (CJ) 140 0.07 New 0 ±0 Zero Cuts (Recortes Cero) 80 0.04 –0.12 0 ±0 Blank ballots 1,649 0.83 –0.19 Total 199,110 4 ±0 Valid votes 199,110 98.85 +0.12 Invalid votes 2,309 1.15 –0.12 Votes cast / turnout 201,419 67.03 +2.33 Abstentions 99,087 32.97 –2.33 Registered voters 300,506 Sources

November 2019 + Summary of the 10 November 2019 Congress of Deputies election results in Salamanca Parties and alliances Popular vote Seats Votes % ±pp Total +/− People's Party (PP) 67,715 34.70 +6.14 2 ±0 Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE) 57,481 29.45 +1.28 1 ±0 Vox (Vox) 34,929 17.90 +5.26 1 +1 Citizens–Party of the Citizenry (Cs) 16,886 8.65 –12.04 0 –1 United We Can (Podemos–IU) 13,608 6.97 –0.90 0 ±0 Animalist Party Against Mistreatment of Animals (PACMA) 964 0.49 –0.16 0 ±0 Regionalist Party of the Leonese Country (PREPAL) 322 0.16 +0.01 0 ±0 Zero Cuts–Green Group–PCAS–TC (Recortes Cero–GV–PCAS–TC) 306 0.16 +0.03 0 ±0 Leonese People's Union (UPL) 286 0.15 New 0 ±0 For a Fairer World (PUM+J) 266 0.14 –0.01 0 ±0 With You, We Are Democracy (Contigo) 229 0.12 New 0 ±0 Communist Party of the Workers of Spain (PCTE) 196 0.10 –0.03 0 ±0 Blank ballots 1,982 1.02 +0.15 Total 195,170 4 ±0 Valid votes 195,170 98.73 –0.07 Invalid votes 2,503 1.27 +0.07 Votes cast / turnout 197,673 64.70 –4.96 Abstentions 107,863 35.30 +4.96 Registered voters 305,536 Sources

April 2019 + Summary of the 28 April 2019 Congress of Deputies election results in Salamanca Parties and alliances Popular vote Seats Votes % ±pp Total +/− People's Party (PP) 60,154 28.56 –19.68 2 –1 Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE) 59,331 28.17 +6.81 1 ±0 Citizens–Party of the Citizenry (Cs) 43,580 20.69 +4.95 1 +1 Vox (Vox) 26,631 12.64 New 0 ±0 United We Can (Podemos–IU–Equo) 16,575 7.87 –4.69 0 ±0 Animalist Party Against Mistreatment of Animals (PACMA) 1,370 0.65 –0.02 0 ±0 For a Fairer World (PUM+J) 322 0.15 New 0 ±0 Regionalist Party of the Leonese Country (PREPAL) 309 0.15 +0.03 0 ±0 Zero Cuts–Green Group–PCAS–TC (Recortes Cero–GV–PCAS–TC) 275 0.13 –0.03 0 ±0 Communist Party of the Workers of Spain (PCTE) 265 0.13 New 0 ±0 Blank ballots 1,834 0.87 +0.16 Total 210,646 4 ±0 Valid votes 210,646 98.80 –0.16 Invalid votes 2,567 1.20 +0.16 Votes cast / turnout 213,213 69.66 +3.36 Abstentions 92,862 30.34 –3.36 Registered voters 306,075 Sources

2016 + Summary of the 26 June 2016 Congress of Deputies election results in Salamanca Parties and alliances Popular vote Seats Votes % ±pp Total +/− People's Party (PP) 97,672 48.24 +5.57 3 +1 Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE) 43,252 21.36 –0.41 1 ±0 Citizens–Party of the Citizenry (C's) 31,878 15.74 –1.08 0 –1 United We Can (Podemos–IU–Equo)1 25,441 12.56 –3.08 0 ±0 Animalist Party Against Mistreatment of Animals (PACMA) 1,359 0.67 +0.11 0 ±0 Union, Progress and Democracy (UPyD) 683 0.34 –0.46 0 ±0 Zero Cuts–Green Group (Recortes Cero–GV) 326 0.16 +0.01 0 ±0 Regionalist Party of the Leonese Country (PREPAL) 233 0.12 ±0.00 0 ±0 Communist Party of the Peoples of Spain (PCPE) 196 0.10 –0.03 0 ±0 Blank ballots 1,443 0.71 –0.24 Total 202,483 4 ±0 Valid votes 202,483 98.96 +0.03 Invalid votes 2,132 1.04 –0.03 Votes cast / turnout 204,615 66.30 –2.15 Abstentions 103,997 33.70 +2.15 Registered voters 308,612 Sources

2015 + Summary of the 20 December 2015 Congress of Deputies election results in Salamanca Parties and alliances Popular vote Seats Votes % ±pp Total +/− People's Party (PP) 89,375 42.67 –17.37 2 –1 Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE) 45,593 21.77 –4.47 1 ±0 Citizens–Party of the Citizenry (C's) 35,242 16.82 New 1 +1 We Can (Podemos) 25,743 12.29 New 0 ±0 United Left–Popular Unity in Common (IU–UPeC) 7,017 3.35 –0.96 0 ±0 Union, Progress and Democracy (UPyD) 1,669 0.80 –5.38 0 ±0 Animalist Party Against Mistreatment of Animals (PACMA) 1,175 0.56 +0.29 0 ±0 Vox (Vox) 822 0.39 New 0 ±0 Zero Cuts–Green Group (Recortes Cero–GV) 319 0.15 New 0 ±0 Communist Party of the Peoples of Spain (PCPE) 264 0.13 New 0 ±0 Regionalist Party of the Leonese Country (PREPAL) 251 0.12 –0.07 0 ±0 Blank ballots 1,997 0.95 –0.55 Total 209,467 4 ±0 Valid votes 209,467 98.93 +0.27 Invalid votes 2,276 1.07 –0.27 Votes cast / turnout 211,743 68.45 –1.28 Abstentions 97,615 31.55 +1.28 Registered voters 309,358 Sources

2011 + Summary of the 20 November 2011 Congress of Deputies election results in Salamanca Parties and alliances Popular vote Seats Votes % ±pp Total +/− People's Party (PP) 128,887 60.04 +6.26 3 +1 Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE) 56,331 26.24 –13.72 1 –1 Union, Progress and Democracy (UPyD) 13,276 6.18 +4.45 0 ±0 United Left of Castile and León: Plural Left (IUCyL) 9,256 4.31 +2.58 0 ±0 Equo (Equo) 1,648 0.77 New 0 ±0 Blank Seats (EB) 686 0.32 New 0 ±0 Animalist Party Against Mistreatment of Animals (PACMA) 584 0.27 +0.14 0 ±0 Regionalist Party of the Leonese Country (PREPAL) 408 0.19 +0.05 0 ±0 Democratic Hygiene (HD) 206 0.10 New 0 ±0 Communist Unification of Spain (UCE) 161 0.08 New 0 ±0 Blank ballots 3,223 1.50 +0.27 Total 214,666 4 ±0 Valid votes 214,666 98.66 –0.64 Invalid votes 2,905 1.34 +0.64 Votes cast / turnout 217,571 69.73 –6.80 Abstentions 94,430 30.27 +6.80 Registered voters 312,001 Sources

2008 + Summary of the 9 March 2008 Congress of Deputies election results in Salamanca Parties and alliances Popular vote Seats Votes % ±pp Total +/− People's Party (PP) 127,130 53.78 –0.47 2 ±0 Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE) 94,474 39.96 +0.13 2 ±0 United Left–Alternative (IU) 4,085 1.73 –0.25 0 ±0 Union, Progress and Democracy (UPyD) 4,083 1.73 New 0 ±0 The Greens of Europe (LVdE) 663 0.28 New 0 ±0 Citizens–Party of the Citizenry (C's) 430 0.18 New 0 ±0 Regionalist Party of the Leonese Country (PREPAL) 322 0.14 –0.08 0 ±0 Anti-Bullfighting Party Against Mistreatment of Animals (PACMA) 312 0.13 New 0 ±0 Social Democratic Party (PSD) 299 0.13 New 0 ±0 Carlist Party (PC) 270 0.11 New 0 ±0 For a Fairer World (PUM+J) 241 0.10 New 0 ±0 National Democracy (DN) 232 0.10 +0.06 0 ±0 Citizens for Blank Votes (CenB) 206 0.09 –0.11 0 ±0 Communist Party of the Castilian People (PCPC–PCPE) 160 0.07 +0.02 0 ±0 Engine and Sports Alternative (AMD) 127 0.05 New 0 ±0 Humanist Party (PH) 115 0.05 –0.05 0 ±0 Spanish Phalanx of the CNSO (FE de las JONS) 98 0.04 ±0.00 0 ±0 Authentic Phalanx (FA) 64 0.03 +0.01 0 ±0 Spanish Alternative (AES) 54 0.02 New 0 ±0 State of Spain Unionist Party (PUEDE) 43 0.02 New 0 ±0 Spain 2000 (E–2000) 43 0.02 New 0 ±0 National Alliance (AN) 29 0.01 New 0 ±0 Blank ballots 2,914 1.23 –0.74 Total 236,394 4 ±0 Valid votes 236,394 99.30 +0.02 Invalid votes 1,674 0.70 –0.02 Votes cast / turnout 238,068 76.53 –0.09 Abstentions 73,027 23.47 +0.09 Registered voters 311,095 Sources

2004