Urs Fischer (born 1973) is a Swiss-born contemporary visual artist living in New York City and Los Angeles. Fischer’s practice includes sculpture, installation, photography, and digitally-mediated images.
Early life and education Born to two doctors as the second of two children in 1973, Fischer studied at the Schule für Gestaltung in Zurich, Switzerland. After the basic, first-year course in art and design, he enrolled in the school's photography department, and supported himself by working as a bouncer at Zurich night clubs and house parties.
Career Fischer moved to Amsterdam, The Netherlands, in 1993, aged 19, and had his first solo show at a gallery in Zurich in 1996. He later lived in London, Los Angeles, and Berlin, before moving to New York City. In Berlin and New York, he shared studios with fellow artist Rudolf Stingel.
In 2009 Fischer's studio occupied a large warehouse in the Red Hook section of Brooklyn, near the waterfront.Calvin Tomkins (October 19, 2009). “The Imperfectionist: Urs Fischer's inspired sloppiness”. The New Yorker. In 2019 he had a studio in the Frogtown neighborhood of Los Angeles.
Style Fischer works across sculpture, photography, drawing, painting, publishing, and digital art. The artist employs a variety of materials and processes in his work, including novel computation systems and artificial intelligence, resulting in an oeuvre that “resists easy classification”. His subversive, metaphysical approach to art is often considered to be influenced by anti-art movements like Neo-Dada, Lost Art, or the Situationist International.Urs Fischer: Skinny Sunrise. Exhibition catalog. Kunsthalle Wien 2002. Since Fischer began showing his work in Europe in the mid-1990s, he has produced an enormous number of objects, drawings, collages, and room-size installations. Fischer has been described by the arts and culture magazine Vault as “internationally celebrated” and one of the most significant contemporary artists working today, with global sale prices reaching up to $6.8 million.
Previous work (1996–2020)
1996–2000
In 1996, Fischer had his first solo exhibition at Galerie Walcheturm, Zurich. In 1999, he was selected to be an artist-in-residence at Delfina Foundation in London, alongside Keith Tyson, Mark Wallinger, and Sonia Boyce.
2001–2006 In 2002, Fischer had his first institutional show in the US at the Santa Monica Museum of Art, which included an early wax sculpture, What Should an Owl Do with a Fork.
2007–2010 In 2010, Fischer released a publication with fellow artist Darren Bader, titled The Bearded Island / The Artists Lament. The publication was a parallel project to the 2009 group exhibition “Remembering Henry’s Show” at the Brant Foundation in Greenwich, Connecticut. The text is a close examination of the fear and obsessions that pervade the life of an artist, set against a series of images.
In Death of a Moment (2007), two entire walls are equipped with floor-to-ceiling mirrors and set in motion by a hydraulic system, to create the surreal effect of a room in flux, morphing in shape and size.Urs Fischer: 'Douglas Sirk', Sadie Coles HQ, London, 06/10—11/12/2010 The Modern Institute, Glasgow.
2011–2017
Untitled 2011 In 2011, Fischer created a to-scale wax reproduction of The Rape of the Sabine Women by Flemish-Italian sculptor Giambologna for the Venice Biennale. The sculpture was produced at the Swiss foundry, The Kunstgiesserei. Giambologna's original work in the Piazza della Signoria was digitized using an optical scanner, and the image was used to create a 3D model in polyurethane foam. A negative was made from the foam model, and filled with wax that was pigmented to imitate the effect of marble. A wick system was developed to allow the work, Untitled 2011, to melt like a candle for the duration of the Biennale. The exhibition included another wax sculpture of Fischer’s friend and fellow artist Rudolf Stringel and a wax creation of Fischer’s own office chair. The work was described as a highlight of the Venice Biennale by Vault magazine.
Problem Paintings
In 2012, Fischer exhibited his first show at Gagosian, “Beds & Problem Paintings”, featuring oversized vintage Hollywood publicity stills obstructed by silkscreened images of mundane objects. "The 'problem' is that an organic or inorganic object obstructs each visage. Beets, a wrench or a banana — each obstacle is quotidian, but at this size, for some are as large as a pony, they are immediately iconic." - The New York Times Magazine
Kiito-San In 2012, Fischer launched his own publishing imprint, Kiito-San, whose books are distributed by DAP and Buchhandlung Walther König. The imprint has published exhibition catalogues by Fischer as well as books on the work of Spencer Sweeney, Peter Regli, and Darren Bader. In 2015 Kiito-San released a cookbook called Cooking for Artists, written by Mina Stone, who cooks lunch at Fischer's studio.
2018–2021
PLAY In 2018, he conceived PLAY, with choreography by Madeline Hollander, a room-size exhibit combining choreography and sculpture in which audience members can interact with robotic office chairs equipped with motion sensors and motors that move on their own and react to the actions of participants in the gallery.
iPad Paintings That same year, Fischer started exploring painting on an iPad: “It is so much closer to playing an instrument: your direct touch transfers immediately into what it is, rather than needing to move material around.” His iPad paintings, reminiscent of David Hockney's, were exhibited at Sadie Coles HQ in London and Gagosian in Beverly Hills.
"SIRENS" In 2019, Fischer exhibited "SIRENS" at Galerie Max Hetzler in Berlin, a series of new paintings that built upon the aesthetic of his earlier Problem Paintings, using classic Hollywood stills as a foundation to explore form, shape, and color.
HEADZ HEADZ, which the New York Times said “resurrected the spirit of Andy Warhol’s Factory”, was a word-of-mouth weekly salon of food, music, and creativity at Spencer Sweeney’s Chinatown studio in New York City. Open to the public, guests were invited to eat, listen to improvisational music, and create their own artworks to hang on the studio walls. After nine months, when Sweeney’s lease expired, the studio walls were photographed, and Fischer recreated them 1:1 as a commemorative wallpaper that was displayed in situ as an installation in Beirut in 2020 (Fischer’s first Middle Eastern show).
The Intelligence of Nature
While being locked down in Los Angeles during the COVID pandemic, Fischer created a new series of paintings inspired by home life (including his house, garden, studio, and childhood photographs), The Intelligence of Nature, that was exhibited at Sadie Coles HQ in 2021.
Recent work (2021–present)
CHAOS (Digital Sculptures / NFTs) Throughout his career, Fischer has used digital technology to mix repurposed images with generated images. In 2021, he fully explored digital sculpture for this first time with CHAOS, a series containing 1000 digitally-scanned and recreated everyday physical objects (like an egg and a lighter) paired to interact with each other.
Released as a series of 500 individual NFTs and culminating in a capstone piece, CHAOS #501, the project took over two years to complete and involved a global team of experts in 3D modeling, animation, and motion capture. Objects were chosen by Fischer because they were "engineered, cultured or manufactured by humans."
In April 2021, CHAOS #1–#500 launched to the public via online auctions on Fair Warning and MakersPlace. CHAOS #1 sold for nearly $100,000 to an unknown buyer. In September 2022, CHAOS #501, the culmination of the series, was exhibited in the show "Denominator" at Gagosian in New York City on a state-of-the-art 14’ x 30’ micro LED wall display with .84 pixel pitch. The screen featured all 1000 digital objects interacting in a single space.
"Denominator" (Show) At the same show, Fischer unveiled two new pieces: People, a recreation of Room 43 of the National Gallery featuring replicas of paintings from artists like Van Gogh, with clips of cutout heads of YouTube video influencers projected over it. The installation was compared to “Jeff Koons’s Gazing Ball series, where the viewer’s participation in the work becomes part of its image.” Denominator was a 12’ x 12’ cube of LED screens displaying algorithmically-generated video clips of TV commercials, stored in a new type of video database Fischer designed with software engineers.“The result is a strange fusion of images, showing time and value systems broken down by new modes of processing. Rather than building an interpretive structure for these images that explores their meaning and understanding by human cognition, Fischer instead lets the code do what it will, and allows new interpretations to emerge instead… It’s as if Fischer were asking what the meaning of an audience is in the modern era, and even, perhaps, if that audience needs to be human.” UF (Clothing Line) In late 2022, Fischer launched his clothing line, UF, at the Jeffrey Deitch Gallery in New York City.
Notable works Untitled (Bread House) In Untitled (Bread House) (2004-2005), Fischer constructed a Swiss style chalet out of loaves of bread. His Bad Timing, Lamb Chop! (2004-2005), displays a giant wooden chair (actually cast aluminium) intersecting a half-empty packet of cigarettes dramatically increased in scale.
Untitled (Lamp / Bear) Between 2005 and 2006, he created Untitled (Lamp / Bear), an edition of three 23-foot-tall, 20-ton, bronze bears (two are yellow, the third is blue) intersected with generic functional lamps that appear to spring out of their heads;Urs Fischer, Untitled (Lamp/Bear) (2005-2006) Christie's, New York. in 2011, one of the pieces was displayed for five months at Seagram Building's plaza before being auctioned at Christie's, where Jose Mugrabi sold it for $6 million.Carol Vogel (May 11, 2011), Bidding War for a Warhol Breaks Out at Christie’s New York Times. It is currently displayed at Hamad International Airport in Doha, Qatar.Sarah Douglas Christie's Bullish on Urs Fischer's Bear New York Observer. The blue version, affectionately known as "Blueno," was installed at Brown University in Providence, Rhode Island from 2016 to 2020.
You For his 2007 show at Gavin Brown's Enterprise in New York, Fischer excavated the gallery's main room, bringing in contractors to dig an eight-foot hole where the floor had been, and calling the result You. The work was described by art critic Jerry Saltz as “experimentally rich, buzzing with energy and entropy, crammed with chaos and contradiction.”
Wax Sculptures Fischer’s temporary art wax sculptures have become iconic of the artist’s practice. Fischer began making wax sculptures in the early 2000s, resulting in anonymous and crudely cut female forms. Today, his wax sculptures are refined portraits of significant art world figures that are lit like candles and melted over the duration of an exhibition. The wax works are almost exclusively sculptural portraits of human subjects, and the process of melting lends itself to contemplation of existentialism and the ultimate meaning of art and its legacy.
Francesco 2017 is a four-metre tall wax sculpture of the Italian curator Francesco Bonami, a close personal friend of the artist. The National Gallery of Australia acquired Francesco in 2018, the first acquisition under the leadership of new director Nick Mitzevich. It is the first work of Fischer’s to be accessioned into a collection in the southern hemisphere.