Valladolid is one of the 52 constituencies represented in the Congress of Deputies, the lower chamber of the Spanish parliament, the . The constituency (whose boundaries correspond to those of the homonymous province) currently elects four deputies. The electoral system uses the D'Hondt method and closed-list proportional voting, with a minimum threshold of three percent.

Electoral system The constituency was created as per the Political Reform Law and was first contested in the 1977 general election. The Law provided for the provinces of Spain to be established as multi-member districts in the Congress of Deputies,. with this regulation being maintained under the Spanish Constitution of 1978.. Additionally, the Constitution requires for any modification of the provincial limits to be approved under an organic law, needing an absolute majority in the Cortes Generales..

Voting is based on universal suffrage, comprising all Spanish nationals over 18 years of age with full political rights, provided that they have not been deprived of the right to vote by a final sentence.. The only exception was in 1977, when this was limited to nationals over 21 years of age and in full enjoyment of their political and civil rights.; . Amendments in 2011 required non-resident citizens to apply for voting, a system known as "begged" voting ().. which was abolished in 2022. Further, amendments in 2018 granted the right to vote to those legally incapacitated. The Congress of Deputies has a minimum of 300 and a maximum of 400 seats, with electoral provisions fixing its size at 350. Of these, 348 are elected in 50 multi-member constituencies corresponding to the provinces of Spain—each of which is assigned an initial minimum of two seats and the remaining 248 distributed in proportion to population—using the D'Hondt method and closed-list proportional voting, with a three percent-threshold of valid votes (including blank ballots) in each constituency. The remaining two seats are allocated to Ceuta and Melilla as single-member districts elected by plurality voting.; ; ; . The use of this electoral method may result in a higher effective threshold depending on district magnitude and vote distribution. The law does not provide for by-elections to fill vacant seats; instead, any vacancies arising after the proclamation of candidates and during the legislative term are filled by the next candidates on the party lists or, when required, by designated substitutes.; .

The electoral law allows for parties and federations registered in the interior ministry, alliances and groupings of electors to present lists of candidates. Parties and federations intending to form an alliance are required to inform the relevant electoral commission within 10 days of the election call—15 before 1985—whereas groupings of electors need to secure the signature of at least one percent of the electorate in the constituencies for which they seek election—one permille of the electorate, with a compulsory minimum of 500 signatures, until 1985—disallowing electors from signing for more than one list. Also since 2011, parties, federations or alliances that have not obtained a mandate in either chamber of the at the preceding election are required to secure the signature of at least 0.1 percent of electors in the aforementioned constituencies.; . Amendments in 2007 required a balanced composition of men and women in the electoral lists, so that candidates of either sex made up at least 40 percent of the total composition; further amendments in 2024 required the use of a zipper system..

Deputies Deputies 1977–present Legislature Election Distribution Constituent 1977 2 3 1st 1979 2 3 2nd 1982 3 2 3rd 1986 2 1 2 4th 1989 2 3 5th 1993 2 3 6th 1996 2 3 7th 2000 2 3 8th 2004 2 3 9th 2008 2 3 10th 2011 2 3 11th 2015 1 1 1 2 12th 2016 1 1 1 2 13th 2019 (Apr) 2 1 1 1 14th 2019 (Nov) 2 2 1 15th 2023 2 2 1

General elections 2023 + Summary of the 23 July 2023 Congress of Deputies election results in Valladolid Parties and alliances Popular vote Seats Votes % ±pp Total +/− People's Party (PP) 129,170 40.84 +11.35 2 ±0 Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE) 103,596 32.75 +2.45 2 ±0 Vox (Vox) 47,948 15.16 –2.93 1 ±0 Unite (Sumar)1 28,049 8.87 –2.15 0 ±0 Empty Spain (España Vaciada) 1,226 0.39 New 0 ±0 Animalist Party with the Environment (PACMA)2 1,105 0.35 –0.32 0 ±0 Workers' Front (FO) 601 0.19 New 0 ±0 Blank Seats to Leave Empty Seats (EB) 583 0.18 New 0 ±0 Castilian Unity (UdCa) 463 0.15 New 0 ±0 For a Fairer World (PUM+J) 376 0.12 –0.07 0 ±0 Communist Party of the Workers of Spain (PCTE) 335 0.11 +0.02 0 ±0 Spanish Phalanx of the CNSO (FE de las JONS) 164 0.05 ±0.00 0 ±0 Zero Cuts (Recortes Cero) 159 0.05 –0.14 0 ±0 Civic Force (Fuerza Cívica) 115 0.04 New 0 ±0 Blank ballots 2,419 0.76 –0.25 Total 316,309 5 ±0 Valid votes 316,309 99.06 +0.12 Invalid votes 3,003 0.94 –0.12 Votes cast / turnout 319,312 74.02 +1.26 Abstentions 112,069 25.98 –1.26 Registered voters 431,381 Sources

November 2019 + Summary of the 10 November 2019 Congress of Deputies election results in Valladolid Parties and alliances Popular vote Seats Votes % ±pp Total +/− Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE) 94,384 30.30 +1.41 2 ±0 People's Party (PP) 91,857 29.49 +6.19 2 +1 Vox (Vox) 56,353 18.09 +4.43 1 ±0 United We Can (Podemos–IU) 34,313 11.02 –0.66 0 ±0 Citizens–Party of the Citizenry (Cs) 26,947 8.65 –11.49 0 –1 Animalist Party Against Mistreatment of Animals (PACMA) 2,088 0.67 –0.13 0 ±0 Zero Cuts–Green Group–PCAS–TC (Recortes Cero–GV–PCAS–TC) 594 0.19 +0.03 0 ±0 For a Fairer World (PUM+J) 586 0.19 +0.05 0 ±0 Regionalist Union of Castile and León (Unión Regionalista) 530 0.17 +0.02 0 ±0 Communist Party of the Workers of Spain (PCTE) 281 0.09 +0.01 0 ±0 Communist Party of the Peoples of Spain (PCPE) 223 0.07 –0.02 0 ±0 Spanish Phalanx of the CNSO (FE de las JONS) 151 0.05 –0.02 0 ±0 Blank ballots 3,147 1.01 +0.18 Total 311,454 5 ±0 Valid votes 311,454 98.94 +0.04 Invalid votes 3,333 1.06 –0.04 Votes cast / turnout 314,787 72.76 –5.91 Abstentions 117,868 27.24 +5.91 Registered voters 432,655 Sources

April 2019 + Summary of the 28 April 2019 Congress of Deputies election results in Valladolid Parties and alliances Popular vote Seats Votes % ±pp Total +/− Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE) 97,244 28.89 +6.16 2 +1 People's Party (PP) 78,433 23.30 –18.51 1 –1 Citizens–Party of the Citizenry (Cs) 67,775 20.14 +4.53 1 ±0 Vox (Vox) 45,965 13.66 +13.32 1 +1 United We Can (Podemos–IU–Equo) 39,305 11.68 –4.67 0 –1 Animalist Party Against Mistreatment of Animals (PACMA) 2,699 0.80 +0.10 0 ±0 Zero Cuts–Green Group–PCAS–TC (Recortes Cero–GV–PCAS–TC) 545 0.16 –0.01 0 ±0 Regionalist Union of Castile and León (Unión Regionalista) 490 0.15 New 0 ±0 For a Fairer World (PUM+J) 473 0.14 New 0 ±0 Communist Party of the Peoples of Spain (PCPE) 313 0.09 –0.01 0 ±0 Communist Party of the Workers of Spain (PCTE) 282 0.08 New 0 ±0 Spanish Phalanx of the CNSO (FE de las JONS) 229 0.07 –0.07 0 ±0 Blank ballots 2,801 0.83 +0.12 Total 336,554 5 ±0 Valid votes 336,554 98.90 ±0.00 Invalid votes 3,732 1.10 ±0.00 Votes cast / turnout 340,286 78.67 +4.94 Abstentions 92,277 21.33 –4.94 Registered voters 432,563 Sources

2016 + Summary of the 26 June 2016 Congress of Deputies election results in Valladolid Parties and alliances Popular vote Seats Votes % ±pp Total +/− People's Party (PP) 132,026 41.81 +4.91 2 ±0 Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE) 71,780 22.73 +1.17 1 ±0 United We Can (Podemos–IU–Equo–IzCa)1 51,637 16.35 –4.38 1 ±0 Citizens–Party of the Citizenry (C's) 49,283 15.61 –1.53 1 ±0 Citizens of Democratic Centre–Independent Candidacy (CCD–CI) 2,672 0.85 +0.37 0 ±0 Animalist Party Against Mistreatment of Animals (PACMA) 2,225 0.70 +0.17 0 ±0 Vox (Vox) 1,078 0.34 –0.03 0 ±0 Union, Progress and Democracy (UPyD) 1,068 0.34 –0.55 0 ±0 Zero Cuts–Green Group (Recortes Cero–GV) 524 0.17 +0.02 0 ±0 Spanish Phalanx of the CNSO (FE de las JONS) 454 0.14 +0.01 0 ±0 Communist Party of the Peoples of Spain (PCPE) 316 0.10 –0.03 0 ±0 Internationalist Solidarity and Self-Management (SAIn) 210 0.07 –0.01 0 ±0 Libertarian Party (P–LIB) 146 0.05 New 0 ±0 Alliance of the Democratic Centre (ALCD) 115 0.04 New 0 ±0 Blank ballots 2,234 0.71 –0.11 Total 315,768 5 ±0 Valid votes 315,768 98.90 –0.23 Invalid votes 3,512 1.10 +0.23 Votes cast / turnout 319,280 73.73 –2.74 Abstentions 113,776 26.27 +2.74 Registered voters 433,056 Sources

2015 + Summary of the 20 December 2015 Congress of Deputies election results in Valladolid Parties and alliances Popular vote Seats Votes % ±pp Total +/− People's Party (PP) 121,323 36.90 –16.01 2 –1 Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE) 70,879 21.56 –7.40 1 –1 Citizens–Party of the Citizenry (C's) 56,347 17.14 New 1 +1 We Can (Podemos) 50,204 15.27 New 1 +1 Popular Unity in Common–United Left–Castilian Left (UPeC–IU–IzCa) 17,935 5.46 –1.96 0 ±0 Union, Progress and Democracy (UPyD) 2,940 0.89 –6.32 0 ±0 Animalist Party Against Mistreatment of Animals (PACMA) 1,735 0.53 +0.15 0 ±0 Citizens of Democratic Centre (CCD) 1,579 0.48 +0.39 0 ±0 Vox (Vox) 1,230 0.37 New 0 ±0 Zero Cuts–Green Group (Recortes Cero–GV) 489 0.15 New 0 ±0 Communist Party of the Peoples of Spain (PCPE) 429 0.13 +0.01 0 ±0 Spanish Phalanx of the CNSO (FE de las JONS) 411 0.13 –0.03 0 ±0 National Democracy (DN) 289 0.09 –0.04 0 ±0 Internationalist Solidarity and Self-Management (SAIn) 272 0.08 –0.03 0 ±0 Blank ballots 2,683 0.82 –0.63 Total 328,745 5 ±0 Valid votes 328,745 99.13 +0.24 Invalid votes 2,886 0.87 –0.24 Votes cast / turnout 331,631 76.47 +0.51 Abstentions 102,036 23.53 –0.51 Registered voters 433,667 Sources

2011 + Summary of the 20 November 2011 Congress of Deputies election results in Valladolid Parties and alliances Popular vote Seats Votes % ±pp Total +/− People's Party (PP) 172,671 52.91 +3.63 3 ±0 Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE) 94,521 28.96 –13.67 2 ±0 United Left of Castile and León: Plural Left (IUCyL) 24,223 7.42 +4.25 0 ±0 Union, Progress and Democracy (UPyD) 23,536 7.21 +5.25 0 ±0 Equo (Equo) 2,161 0.66 New 0 ±0 Animalist Party Against Mistreatment of Animals (PACMA) 1,244 0.38 +0.23 0 ±0 For a Fairer World (PUM+J) 581 0.18 +0.08 0 ±0 Regionalist Unity of Castile and León (URCL) 535 0.16 +0.04 0 ±0 Spanish Phalanx of the CNSO (FE de las JONS) 522 0.16 +0.09 0 ±0 National Democracy (DN) 426 0.13 +0.06 0 ±0 Communist Party of the Peoples of Spain (PCPE) 380 0.12 +0.01 0 ±0 Internationalist Solidarity and Self-Management (SAIn) 344 0.11 +0.05 0 ±0 Citizens of Democratic Centre (CCD) 303 0.09 New 0 ±0 Communist Unification of Spain (UCE) 167 0.05 New 0 ±0 Blank ballots 4,719 1.45 +0.36 Total 326,333 5 ±0 Valid votes 326,333 98.89 –0.62 Invalid votes 3,677 1.11 +0.62 Votes cast / turnout 330,010 75.96 –5.05 Abstentions 104,467 24.04 +5.05 Registered voters 434,477 Sources

2008