Diocese of Trier

The Diocese of Trier (), in English historically also known as Treves () from French Trèves, is a Latin Catholic ecclesiastical territory or diocese of the Catholic Church in Germany."Diocese of Trier" Catholic-Hierarchy.org. David M. Cheney. Retrieved February 29, 2016"Diocese of Trier" GCatholic.org. Gabriel Chow. Retrieved February 29, 2016 When it was the archbishopric and Electorate of Trier, it was one of the most important states of the Holy Roman Empire, both as an ecclesiastical principality and as a diocese of the church. Unlike the other Rhenish dioceses—including Mainz and Cologne–Trier was the former Roman provincial capital of Augusta Treverorum. Given its status, Trier has continuously been an episcopal see since Roman times and is one of the oldest dioceses in all of Germany. The diocese was elevated to an archdiocese in the time of Charlemagne and was the metropolitan for the dioceses of Metz, Toul, and Verdun. After the victory of Napoleon Bonaparte of France, the archdiocese was lowered to a diocese and is now a suffragan in the ecclesiastical province of the Archdiocese of Cologne. The diocesan cathedral is the Cathedral of Saint Peter. The Cathedral Chapter retains the right to elect the bishop, rather than selection by papal appointment.

History

The bishops of Trier were already virtually independent territorial magnates in Merovingian times. In 772 Charlemagne granted Bishop Wiomad complete immunity from the jurisdiction of the ruling count for all the churches and monasteries, as well as villages and castles that belonged to the Church of St. Peter at Trier. In his will he also elevated the diocese to the Archdiocese of Trier, with suffragans on both sides of the Rhine. This arrangement lasted over a thousand years.

In Early Modern times, the archdiocese of Trier still encompassed territory along the Moselle River between Trier, near the French border, and Koblenz on the Rhine. The Archbishop of Trier, as holder of an imperial office was traditionally an Imperial Elector of the German king. The purely honorary office of Archchancellor of Gaul arose in the 13th century. In this context that was taken to mean the Kingdom of Burgundy-Arles, technically from 1242 and permanently from 1263, and nominally until 1803. Arles along with Germany and Italy was one of the three component kingdoms of the Empire.

The last elector removed to Koblenz in 1786. From 1795, the territories of the Archbishopric on the left bank of the Rhine — which is to say almost all of them — were under French occupation, and were annexed in 1801 and a separate bishopric established (later assuming control of the whole diocese in 1803). In 1803, what was left of the Archbishopric was secularized and annexed by the Princes of Nassau.

Bishops Before 1000 Eucharius c. 250Bistum Trier - Bistum - Geschichte/Bischöfe Valerius c. 250 Maternus c. 300 Auspicius of Trier uncertain Agricius (Agrippinus) 327–335 Maximinus 335–346 Paulinus 347–358 Bonosus of Trier 359–365 Veteranius of Trier 365–384 Britto of Trier 384–386 (?) Felix 384–398 Mauritius II of Trier 398–407 Leontius of Trier 407–409 Auctor II 409–427 Severus of Trier 428–455 Cyrillus of Trier 455–457 Iamblichus of Trier 457–458 Evemerus 458–461 Marcus II 461–465 Volusianus of Trier 465–469 Miletius 469–476 Modestus 476–479 Maximianus of Trier 479–499 Fibicius 500–526 Aprunculus (Aprunentius) 526–527 Nicetius 527–566 Rusticus II 566–573 Magnerich 573–596 Gunderich 596–600 Sibald 600–626 Modoald 626–645 Numerianus 645–665 Hildulf 665–671, d. 707 Basinus 671–697 d. 706 ? Leudwinus 697–718 Milo 718–758 Wermad 758–791 Richbod 791–804, first archbishop Waso 804–809 Amalhar 809–814 Hetto 814–847 Dietgold 847–868 Bartholf von Wetterau 869–883 Radbod 883–915 Rudgar 915–930 Rotbert 930–956 Henry I 956–964 Dietrich I 965–977 Egbert 977–993 Ludolf 994–1008

1000–1200 contested 1008–1015: Adalbero (elected) versus Meingaud (royal choice) Poppo von Babenberg 1016–1047 Eberhard 1047–1066 Kuno I von Wetterau (Conrad) 1066–1066 Udo of Nellenburg 1066–1078 Egilbert of Rothenburg, 1079–1101 Bruno 1101–1124 Gottfrid 1124–1127 Meginher 1127–1130 Albero de Montreuil 1131–1152 Hillin of Falmagne 1152–1169 Arnold I of Vaucourt 1169–1183 Folmar of Karden 1183–1189Because Folmar was never formally installed in the see, he is often omitted (as is Rudolf of Wied) from official lists of the Bishops of Trier, e.g., the list displayed in Trier Cathedral. Rudolf of Wied 1183–1189 (in opposition)

1200–1500 Archbishop-Electors of Trier

John I 1189–1212 Theodoric II 1212–42 Arnold II von Isenburg 1242–59 Heinrich I von Finstingen 1260–86 Bohemond I von Warnesberg 1286–99 Diether von Nassau 1300–07 Heinrich II von Virneburg 1300–06 (in opposition) Baldwin von Luxemburg 1307–54 Bohemond II von Saarbrücken 1354–61 Kuno II von Falkenstein 1362–88 Werner von Falkenstein 1388–1418 Otto von Ziegenhain 1418–30 Rhaban von Helmstadt 1430–38 Jakob von Sierck † (19 May 1439 Elected – 28 May 1456 Died) Johann Markgraf von Baden † (21 Jun 1456 Elected – 9 Feb 1502 Died)

1500–1800

Jakob Markgraf von Baden † (9 Feb 1503 Succeeded – 27 Apr 1511 Died) Richard von Greiffenclau zu Vollrads † (15 May 1511 Elected – 13 Mar 1531 Died) Johann von Metzenhausen † (27 Mar 1531 Elected – 22 Jul 1540 Died) Johann Ludwig von Hagen † (9 Aug 1540 Elected – 23 Mar 1547 Died) Johann von Isenburg † (20 Apr 1547 Elected – 18 Feb 1556 Died) Johann von der Leyen † (25 Apr 1556 Elected – 10 Feb 1567 Died) Jakob von Eltz † (7 Apr 1567 Elected – 4 Jun 1581 Died) Johann von Schönenberg † (31 Jul 1581 Elected – 1 May 1599 Died) Lothar von Metternich † (7 Aug 1599 Elected – 17 Sep 1623 Died) Philipp Christoph Reichsritter von Sötern † (25 Sep 1623 Elected– 7 Feb 1652 Died) Karl Kaspar Reichsfreiherr von Leyen-Hohengeroldseck † (7 Feb 1652 Succeeded – 1 Jun 1676 Died) Johann Hugo von Orsbeck † (1 Jun 1676 Succeeded – 6 Jan 1711 Died) Karl Joseph Ignaz Herzog von Lothringen † (24 Sep 1710 Elected – 4 Dec 1715 Died) Franz Ludwig Pfalzgraf am Rhein zu Neuburg † (20 Feb 1716 Elected – 3 Mar 1729 Resigned) Franz Georg Reichsfgraf von Schönborn † (2 May 1729 Elected – 18 Jan 1756 Died) Johann Philipp Reichsgraf von Waldendorff † (18 Jan 1756 Succeeded – 12 Jan 1768 Died) Klemens Wenzeslaus Herzog von Sachsen † (10 Feb 1768 Elected – 29 Nov 1801 Resigned)From 1801, after the French conquest of the Imperial territories on the left-bank of the Rhine, Clemens Wenzel of Saxony was archbishop with effect on the right bank only.

After 1800 Bishops of Trier Charles Mannay † (5 Jul 1802 Elected – 9 Oct 1816 Resigned) Josef von Hommer † (3 May 1824 Elected – 11 Nov 1836 Died) Wilhelm Arnoldi † (21 Jun 1842 Elected – 7 Jan 1864 Died) Leopold Pelldram † (29 Dec 1864 Elected – 3 May 1867 Died) Matthias Eberhard † (16 Jul 1867 Elected – 30 May 1876 Died) Michael Felix Korum † (12 Aug 1881 Elected – 4 Dec 1921 Died) Franz Rudolf Bornewasser † (27 Feb 1922 Elected – 20 Dec 1951 Died) Matthias Wehr † (20 Dec 1951 Succeeded – 19 Nov 1966 Retired) Bernhard Stein † (13 Apr 1967 Elected – 5 Sep 1980 Retired) Hermann Josef Spital † (24 Feb 1981 Elected – 15 Jan 2001 Retired) Reinhard Marx (20 Dec 2001 Elected – 30 Nov 2007 Translated to become Archbishop of Munich and Freising) Stephan Ackermann (8 Apr 2009 Elected – )

Auxiliary bishops Nicolas Arlon, O. Carm. (1344–) Joannes Franqueloy de Vico, O.P. (1400–1452) Gerhard, O.F.M. (1429–1456) Hubert Yffz (de Rommersdorf), O. Praem. (1450–1483) Johann von Eindhoven, C.R.S.A. (1483–1508)"Bishop Johann von Eindhoven, C.R.S.A." Catholic-Hierarchy.org. David M. Cheney. Retrieved August 6, 2016 Johannes von Helmont, O.S.B. (1508–1517)"Bishop Johannes von Helmont, O.S.B." Catholic-Hierarchy.org. David M. Cheney. Retrieved August 28, 2016 Johannes Enen (1517–1519)"Bishop Johannes Enen" Catholic-Hierarchy.org. David M. Cheney. Retrieved August 6, 2016 Nikolaus Schienen (1519–1556)"Bishop Nikolaus Schienen" Catholic-Hierarchy.org. David M. Cheney. Retrieved August 29, 2016 Gregor Virneburg (1557–1578) Peter Binsfeld (1580–1598) Gregor Helfenstein (1599–1632)"Bishop Gregor Helfenstein" Catholic-Hierarchy.org. David M. Cheney. Retrieved August 29, 2016 Otto von Senheim, (Johann Theodor von Senheim) O.P. (1633–1662) Johannes Holler (1663–1671)"Bishop Johannes Holler" Catholic-Hierarchy.org. David M. Cheney. Retrieved August 29, 2016 Johann Heinrich von Anethan (1676–1680) Maximilian Burmann (1682–1685) Johannes Petrus Verhorst (1687–1708) Johann Matthias von Eyss (1710–1729) Lothar Friedrich von Nalbach (1730–1748) Johann Nikolaus (Febronius) von Hontheim (1748–1790) Jean-Marie Cuchot d’Herbain (1778–1794) Johann Michael Josef von Pidoll de Quitenbach (1794–1802) Johann Heinrich Milz (1825–1833) Wilhelm Arnold Günther, O. Praem. (1834–1843) Johann Georg Müller (1844–1847) Godehard Braun (1849–1861) Matthias Eberhard (1862–1867 Appointed, Bishop of Trier) Johann Jakob Kraft (1868–1884) Heinrich Feiten (1887–1892) Karl Ernst Schrod (1894–1914) Anton Mönch (1915–1935) Albert Maria Fuchs (1935–1944) Heinrich Metzroth (1941–1951) Bernhard Stein (1944–1967 Appointed, Bishop of Trier) Carl Schmidt (1962–1981) Karl Heinz Jacoby (1968–1993) Alfred Kleinermeilert (1968–2003) Leo Schwarz (1982–2006) Gehard Jakob (1993–1998) Felix Genn (1999–2003, Translated to become Bishop of Essen and later Bishop of Münster) Robert Brahm (2003– ) Jörg Michael Peters (2003– ) Stephan Ackermann (2006–2009 Appointed, Bishop of Trier) Helmut Dieser (2011–2016, Translated, Bishop of Aachen) Franz Josef Gebert (2017–2024)

Diocese of Trier

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