Almería is one of the 52 constituencies represented in the Congress of Deputies, the lower chamber of the Spanish parliament, the . The constituency (whose boundaries correspond to those of the homonymous province) currently elects six deputies. The electoral system uses the D'Hondt method and closed-list proportional voting, with a minimum threshold of three percent.
Electoral system The constituency was created as per the Political Reform Law and was first contested in the 1977 general election. The Law provided for the provinces of Spain to be established as multi-member districts in the Congress of Deputies,. with this regulation being maintained under the Spanish Constitution of 1978.. Additionally, the Constitution requires for any modification of the provincial limits to be approved under an organic law, needing an absolute majority in the Cortes Generales..
Voting is based on universal suffrage, comprising all Spanish nationals over 18 years of age with full political rights, provided that they have not been deprived of the right to vote by a final sentence.. The only exception was in 1977, when this was limited to nationals over 21 years of age and in full enjoyment of their political and civil rights.; . Amendments in 2011 required non-resident citizens to apply for voting, a system known as "begged" voting ().. which was abolished in 2022. Further, amendments in 2018 granted the right to vote to those legally incapacitated. The Congress of Deputies has a minimum of 300 and a maximum of 400 seats, with electoral provisions fixing its size at 350. Of these, 348 are elected in 50 multi-member constituencies corresponding to the provinces of Spain—each of which is assigned an initial minimum of two seats and the remaining 248 distributed in proportion to population—using the D'Hondt method and closed-list proportional voting, with a three percent-threshold of valid votes (including blank ballots) in each constituency. The remaining two seats are allocated to Ceuta and Melilla as single-member districts elected by plurality voting.; ; ; . The use of this electoral method may result in a higher effective threshold depending on district magnitude and vote distribution. The law does not provide for by-elections to fill vacant seats; instead, any vacancies arising after the proclamation of candidates and during the legislative term are filled by the next candidates on the party lists or, when required, by designated substitutes.; .
The electoral law allows for parties and federations registered in the interior ministry, alliances and groupings of electors to present lists of candidates. Parties and federations intending to form an alliance are required to inform the relevant electoral commission within 10 days of the election call—15 before 1985—whereas groupings of electors need to secure the signature of at least one percent of the electorate in the constituencies for which they seek election—one permille of the electorate, with a compulsory minimum of 500 signatures, until 1985—disallowing electors from signing for more than one list. Also since 2011, parties, federations or alliances that have not obtained a mandate in either chamber of the at the preceding election are required to secure the signature of at least 0.1 percent of electors in the aforementioned constituencies.; . Amendments in 2007 required a balanced composition of men and women in the electoral lists, so that candidates of either sex made up at least 40 percent of the total composition; further amendments in 2024 required the use of a zipper system..
Deputies Deputies 1977–present Legislature Election Distribution Constituent 1977 2 3 1st 1979 2 3 2nd 1982 4 1 3rd 1986 4 1 4th 1989 4 1 5th 1993 3 2 6th 1996 3 2 7th 2000 2 3 8th 2004 3 2 9th 2008 3 3 10th 2011 2 4 11th 2015 1 2 1 2 12th 2016 2 1 3 13th 2019 (Apr) 2 1 2 1 14th 2019 (Nov) 2 2 2 15th 2023 2 3 1
General elections 2023 + Summary of the 23 July 2023 Congress of Deputies election results in Almería Parties and alliances Popular vote Seats Votes % ±pp Total +/− People's Party (PP) 131,524 40.94 +15.12 3 +1 Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE) 93,282 29.04 –0.49 2 ±0 Vox (Vox) 68,364 21.28 –5.41 1 –1 Unite Andalusia (Sumar)1 21,485 6.69 –1.38 0 ±0 Animalist Party with the Environment (PACMA)2 1,962 0.61 –0.24 0 ±0 People from Almería–Regionalists for Almería (ALM) 874 0.27 New 0 ±0 Workers' Front (FO) 500 0.16 New 0 ±0 For a Fairer World (PUM+J) 371 0.12 ±0.00 0 ±0 Free (LB) 210 0.07 New 0 ±0 Zero Cuts (Recortes Cero) 206 0.06 –0.06 0 ±0 Blank ballots 2,464 0.77 –0.11 Total 321,242 6 ±0 Valid votes 321,242 99.02 ±0.00 Invalid votes 3,163 0.98 ±0.00 Votes cast / turnout 324,405 62.86 +2.10 Abstentions 191,709 37.14 –2.10 Registered voters 516,114 Sources
November 2019 + Summary of the 10 November 2019 Congress of Deputies election results in Almería Parties and alliances Popular vote Seats Votes % ±pp Total +/− Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE) 89,295 29.53 –0.62 2 ±0 Vox (Vox) 80,714 26.69 +7.60 2 +1 People's Party (PP) 78,072 25.82 +3.28 2 ±0 United We Can (Podemos–IULV–CA) 24,400 8.07 –0.75 0 ±0 Citizens–Party of the Citizenry (Cs) 22,835 7.55 –9.60 0 –1 Animalist Party Against Mistreatment of Animals (PACMA) 2,582 0.85 –0.20 0 ±0 Blank Seats (EB) 513 0.17 +0.01 0 ±0 For a Fairer World (PUM+J) 371 0.12 +0.02 0 ±0 Zero Cuts–Green Group (Recortes Cero–GV) 360 0.12 –0.01 0 ±0 Andalusia by Herself (AxSí) 318 0.11 New 0 ±0 Communist Party of the Andalusian People (PCPA) 303 0.10 –0.01 0 ±0 Blank ballots 2,661 0.88 +0.18 Total 302,424 6 ±0 Valid votes 302,424 99.02 –0.10 Invalid votes 2,990 0.98 +0.10 Votes cast / turnout 305,414 60.76 –5.37 Abstentions 197,213 39.24 +5.37 Registered voters 502,627 Sources
April 2019 + Summary of the 28 April 2019 Congress of Deputies election results in Almería Parties and alliances Popular vote Seats Votes % ±pp Total +/− Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE) 98,924 30.15 +2.44 2 ±0 People's Party (PP) 73,952 22.54 –20.44 2 –1 Vox (Vox) 62,648 19.09 +18.95 1 +1 Citizens–Party of the Citizenry (Cs) 56,268 17.15 +3.49 1 ±0 United We Can (Podemos–IULV–CA–Equo) 28,934 8.82 –4.41 0 ±0 Animalist Party Against Mistreatment of Animals (PACMA) 3,452 1.05 +0.17 0 ±0 Blank Seats (EB) 536 0.16 +0.05 0 ±0 Zero Cuts–Green Group (Recortes Cero–GV) 412 0.13 +0.02 0 ±0 Communist Party of the Andalusian People (PCPA) 353 0.11 +0.02 0 ±0 For a Fairer World (PUM+J) 335 0.10 New 0 ±0 Blank ballots 2,283 0.70 –0.02 Total 328,097 6 ±0 Valid votes 328,097 99.12 –0.13 Invalid votes 2,918 0.88 +0.13 Votes cast / turnout 331,015 66.13 +3.26 Abstentions 169,548 33.87 –3.26 Registered voters 500,563 Sources
2016 + Summary of the 26 June 2016 Congress of Deputies election results in Almería Parties and alliances Popular vote Seats Votes % ±pp Total +/− People's Party (PP) 131,801 42.98 +5.02 3 +1 Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE) 84,988 27.71 –1.15 2 ±0 Citizens–Party of the Citizenry (C's) 41,897 13.66 –0.70 1 ±0 United We Can for Andalusia (Podemos–IU–Equo)1 40,578 13.23 –3.10 0 –1 Animalist Party Against Mistreatment of Animals (PACMA) 2,689 0.88 +0.19 0 ±0 Union, Progress and Democracy (UPyD) 684 0.22 –0.27 0 ±0 Vox (Vox) 435 0.14 –0.04 0 ±0 Blank Seats (EB) 347 0.11 New 0 ±0 Zero Cuts–Green Group (Recortes Cero–GV) 334 0.11 +0.01 0 ±0 Spanish Phalanx of the CNSO (FE de las JONS) 323 0.11 ±0.00 0 ±0 Communist Party of the Peoples of Spain (PCPE) 280 0.09 –0.01 0 ±0 Revolutionary Anticapitalist Left (IZAR) 105 0.03 New 0 ±0 Blank ballots 2,213 0.72 +0.01 Total 306,674 6 ±0 Valid votes 306,674 99.25 +0.02 Invalid votes 2,315 0.75 –0.02 Votes cast / turnout 308,989 62.87 –0.84 Abstentions 182,507 37.13 +0.84 Registered voters 491,496 Sources
2015 + Summary of the 20 December 2015 Congress of Deputies election results in Almería Parties and alliances Popular vote Seats Votes % ±pp Total +/− People's Party (PP) 117,635 37.96 –19.64 2 –2 Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE) 89,434 28.86 –1.02 2 ±0 Citizens–Party of the Citizenry (C's) 44,494 14.36 New 1 +1 We Can (Podemos) 39,780 12.84 New 1 +1 United Left/Greens–Assembly for Andalusia–Popular Unity (IULV–CA–UPeC) 10,828 3.49 –1.77 0 ±0 Animalist Party Against Mistreatment of Animals (PACMA) 2,126 0.69 New 0 ±0 Union, Progress and Democracy (UPyD) 1,532 0.49 –3.42 0 ±0 Vox (Vox) 558 0.18 New 0 ±0 Spanish Phalanx of the CNSO (FE de las JONS) 343 0.11 New 0 ±0 Communist Party of the Peoples of Spain (PCPE) 318 0.10 New 0 ±0 Zero Cuts–Green Group (Recortes Cero–GV) 297 0.10 New 0 ±0 For a Fairer World (PUM+J) 176 0.06 New 0 ±0 National Democracy (DN) 164 0.05 –0.11 0 ±0 Blank ballots 2,211 0.71 –0.41 Total 309,896 6 ±0 Valid votes 309,896 99.23 +0.05 Invalid votes 2,419 0.77 –0.05 Votes cast / turnout 312,315 63.71 –3.48 Abstentions 177,877 36.29 +3.48 Registered voters 490,192 Sources
2011 + Summary of the 20 November 2011 Congress of Deputies election results in Almería Parties and alliances Popular vote Seats Votes % ±pp Total +/− People's Party (PP) 180,249 57.60 +7.72 4 +1 Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE) 93,495 29.88 –12.13 2 –1 United Left/The Greens–Assembly for Andalusia: Plural Left (IULV–CA) 16,445 5.26 +2.57 0 ±0 Union, Progress and Democracy (UPyD) 12,225 3.91 +3.35 0 ±0 Equo (Equo) 2,828 0.90 New 0 ±0 Andalusian Party (PA)1 2,659 0.85 +0.31 0 ±0 National Democracy (DN) 493 0.16 +0.13 0 ±0 Anti-capitalists (Anticapitalistas) 338 0.11 New 0 ±0 Let us Give the Change (DeC) 270 0.09 New 0 ±0 Regionalist Party for Eastern Andalusia (PRAO) 253 0.08 New 0 ±0 Communist Unification of Spain (UCE) 178 0.06 New 0 ±0 Blank ballots 3,490 1.12 +0.34 Total 312,923 6 ±0 Valid votes 312,923 99.18 –0.37 Invalid votes 2,581 0.82 +0.37 Votes cast / turnout 315,504 67.19 –5.56 Abstentions 154,090 32.81 +5.56 Registered voters 469,594 Sources
2008 + Summary of the 9 March 2008 Congress of Deputies election results in Almería Parties and alliances Popular vote Seats Votes % ±pp Total +/− People's Party (PP) 162,531 49.88 +5.60 3 +1 Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE) 136,887 42.01 –5.68 3 ±0 United Left/The Greens–Assembly for Andalusia–Alternative (IULV–CA) 8,755 2.69 –0.42 0 ±0 Party of Almería (PdeAL) 8,451 2.59 New 0 ±0 Union, Progress and Democracy (UPyD) 1,820 0.56 New 0 ±0 Andalusian Coalition (CA)1 1,772 0.54 –2.06 0 ±0 The Greens (Verdes) 840 0.26 New 0 ±0 Anti-Bullfighting Party Against Mistreatment of Animals (PACMA) 436 0.13 New 0 ±0 Social Democratic Party (PSD) 354 0.11 New 0 ±0 Communist Party of the Peoples of Spain (PCPE) 290 0.09 +0.09 0 ±0 Citizens–Party of the Citizenry (C's) 211 0.06 New 0 ±0 For a Fairer World (PUM+J) 188 0.06 New 0 ±0 Spanish Phalanx of the CNSO (FE de las JONS) 159 0.05 –0.01 0 ±0 Humanist Party (PH) 126 0.04 –0.03 0 ±0 Democratic and Social Centre (CDS) 114 0.03 –0.05 0 ±0 National Democracy (DN) 105 0.03 –0.01 0 ±0 Family and Life Party (PFyV) 102 0.03 –0.03 0 ±0 Spain 2000 (E–2000) 91 0.03 New 0 ±0 National Alliance (AN) 44 0.01 New 0 ±0 Spanish Alternative (AES) 42 0.01 New 0 ±0 Blank ballots 2,528 0.78 –0.59 Total 325,846 6 +1 Valid votes 325,846 99.55 +0.06 Invalid votes 1,486 0.45 –0.06 Votes cast / turnout 327,332 72.75 +0.81 Abstentions 122,583 27.25 –0.81 Registered voters 449,915 Sources
2004