The Ras superfamily, derived from "Rat sarcoma virus", is a protein superfamily of small GTPases. Members of the superfamily are divided into families and subfamilies based on their structure, sequence and function. The five main families are Ras, Rho, Ran, Rab and Arf GTPases. The Ras family itself is further divided into 6 subfamilies: Ras, Ral, Rap, Rheb, Rad and Rit. Miro is a recent contributor to the superfamily. Each subfamily shares the common core G domain, which provides essential GTPase and nucleotide exchange activity.
The surrounding sequence helps determine the functional specificity of the small GTPase, for example the 'Insert Loop', common to the Rho subfamily, specifically contributes to binding to effector proteins such as WASP.
In general, the Ras family is responsible for cell proliferation: Rho for cell morphology, Ran for nuclear transport, and Rab and Arf for vesicle transport.
Subfamilies and members The following is a list of human proteins belonging to the Ras superfamily:
+Overview Subfamily Function Members Ras cell proliferation DIRAS1; DIRAS2; DIRAS3; ERAS; GEM; HRAS; KRAS; MRAS; NKIRAS1; NKIRAS2; NRAS; RALA; RALB; RAP1A; RAP1B; RAP2A; RAP2B; RAP2C; RASD1; RASD2; RASL10A; RASL10B; RASL11A; RASL11B; RASL12; REM1; REM2; RERG; RERGL; RRAD; RRAS; RRAS2 Rho cytoskeletal dynamics/morphology RHOA; RHOB; RHOBTB1; RHOBTB2; RHOBTB3; RHOC; RHOD; RHOF; RHOG; RHOH; RHOJ; RHOQ; RHOU; RHOV; RND1; RND2; RND3; RAC1; RAC2; RAC3; CDC42 Rab membrane trafficking RAB1A; RAB1B; RAB2; RAB3A; RAB3B; RAB3C; RAB3D; RAB4A; RAB4B; RAB5A; RAB5B; RAB5C; RAB6A; RAB6B; RAB6C; RAB7A; RAB7B; RAB7L1; RAB8A; RAB8B; RAB9; RAB9B; RABL2A; RABL2B; RABL4; RAB10; RAB11A; RAB11B; RAB12; RAB13; RAB14; RAB15; RAB17; RAB18; RAB19; RAB20; RAB21; RAB22A; RAB23; RAB24; RAB25; RAB26; RAB27A; RAB27B; RAB28; RAB2B; RAB30; RAB31; RAB32; RAB33A; RAB33B; RAB34; RAB35; RAB36; RAB37; RAB38; RAB39; RAB39B; RAB40A; RAB40AL; RAB40B; RAB40C; RAB41; RAB42; RAB43 Rap cellular adhesion RAP1A; RAP1B; RAP2A; RAP2B; RAP2C Arf vesicular transport ARF1; ARF3; ARF4; ARF5; ARF6; ARL1; ARL2; ARL3; ARL4; ARL5; ARL5C; ARL6; ARL7; ARL8; ARL9; ARL10A; ARL10B; ARL10C; ARL11; ARL13A; ARL13B; ARL14; ARL15; ARL16; ARL17; TRIM23, ARL4D; ARFRP1; ARL13B Ran nuclear transport RAN Rheb mTOR pathway RHEB; RHEBL1 RGK RRAD; GEM; REM; REM2 RIT1; RIT2 mitochondrial transport RHOT1; RHOT2
Unclassified:
ARHGAP5 DNAJC27 GRLF1 RASEF
See also Ras subfamily
References