In special economic zonesУПРАВЛЕНИЕ ОСОБЫМИ ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКИМИ ЗОНАМИ СУБЪЕКТА РФ Масаев С.Н. В сборнике: XIII Всероссийское совещание по проблемам управления ВСПУ-2019 Труды. Под общей редакцией Д.А. Новикова. 2019. С. 1773-1778.Masaev S. Destruction of the Resident Enterprise in the Special Economic Zone with Sanctions. Publisher: IEEE. 2019 business and trades laws differ from the rest of the country. The term, and a number of other terms, can have different specific meanings in different countries and publications. Often they have relaxed jurisdiction of customs or related national regulations. They can be ports or other large areas or smaller allocated areas.
Terms include free port (porto Franco), free zone (zona franca), bonded area (US: foreign-trade zone), free economic zone, free-trade zone, export processing zone and maquiladora.
Most commonly a free port is a special customs area or small customs territory with generally less strict customs regulations (or no customs duties or controls for transshipment). Earlier in history, some free ports enjoyed political autonomy. Many international airports have free ports, though they tend to be called customs areas, customs zones, or international zones.
Africa
Tanzania
Mtwara Freeport Zone
Libya
Misurata Free Zone
Liberia
Free Port of Monrovia
Egypt
Port Said Suez Canal Container Terminal
Eritrea Assab Free Port and International Airport Massawa Free Port and International Airport
Morocco Atlantic Free Zone Kenitra Tangier Exportation Free Zone
Mauritius
The Mauritius Free Port
Nigeria
Although the enabling act came into effect in 1992, the pioneer Free Zone (the Calabar Free Trade Zone) was not fully completed until 1999, and commenced operation after official commissioning in November 2001. Since then, the Free Zones Scheme has been used as a vehicle for industrial and commercial development of the country. Private Sector participation and partnership with the Federal Government and other tiers of government has helped spread the scheme. This has culminated in the establishment of specialised Free Zones and other types of Zones, namely:
Serial number Name Location Status Ownership 1 Snake Island Integrated Free Zone Lagos Operational Private 2 Kano Free Trade Zone (KFTZ) Kano State Operational Fed. Govt. 3 Onne oil & Gas Free Zone River State Operational Under Parallel Authority 4 Tinapa Free Zone & Tourism Resort CRS Operational Private/Public 5 Calabar Free Trade Zone (CFTZ) CRS Operational Fed. Govt. 6 Maigatari Border Free Zone Jigawa State Operational State 7 LADOL Free Zone Lagos Operational Private 8 Enpower, Enugu Industrial Park Free Zone Enugu Operational Private 9 Airline Services Export Proc. Zone Lagos State Operational Private 10 ALSCON Export Processing Zone Akwa Ibon Operational Private 11 Ogun Guangdong Free Trade Zone Ogun State Operational Public/ Private 12 Sebore Farms Export Processing Zones Adamawa State Operational Private 13 Ibom Science & Tech. Park Free Zone Akwa Ibom Under Cons. Public/Private 14 Living Spring Free Zone Osun State Under Cons. State 15 Lekki Free Zone Lagos State Operational State/ Private 16 Brass LNG Free Zone Bayelsa Under Cons. Public/Private 17 Abuja Technological Village Free Zone Abuja Under Cons. Public/Private 18 Specialized Railway Industrial FTZ - Kajola Ogun State Under Cons. Public/Private 19 Imo Guangdong FTZ Imo State Under Cons. Public/Private 20 OK Free Trade Zone Ondo & Ogun Under Cons. States/ Private 21 Lagos Free Zone Lagos State Under Cons. Private 22 Kwara Free Zone Kwara State Declaration State Govt. 23 Oluyole Free Trade Zone Oyo State Declaration State Govt. 24 Koko Free Trade Zone Delta State Declaration State Govt. 25 OILSS Logistics Free Zone Lagos Declaration Private 26 Banki Border Free Zone Borno State Declaration State 27 NAHCO Free Trade Zone Lagos State Operational Private
The introduction of free zones has played a large role in increasing the amount of investment into Nigeria. When all the free zones are fully operational, Nigeria is projected to play a large role in expanding export-driven manufacturing activities in Africa.
Asia
Azerbaijan
Alat
Bahrain
Manama
China Guangzhou Shanghai Shenzhen Tianjin Xiamen Zhuhai
Hong Kong
Central Ferry Piers, Victoria City Container Terminal 9, Tsing Yi Kai Tak Cruise Terminal, Kowloon Kwai Tsing Container Terminals, Stonecutters Island River Trade Terminal, Tuen Mun Tsim Sha Tsui Ocean Terminal, Kowloon Tsim Sha Tsui Ferry Pier, Kowloon Tuen Mun Ferry Pier, Tuen Mun
India Astromar Free Zone
Indonesia
Batam, Riau Islands
Iran Anzali Arvand Free Zone Chabahar Kish Island Aras Free Zone Maku Free Zone Qeshm
Japan
Nagasaki Niigata Tokyo
Lebanon
Port of Beirut Port of Tripoli (Lebanon)
Macau
Inner Harbour Ferry Terminal, Cotai West Outer Harbour Ferry Terminal, Sé, Macau Peninsula Taipa Ferry Terminal, Taipa East Kai Ho Port, Coloane
Malaysia
Bayan Lepas Free Industrial Zone, George Town, Penang Labuan Langkawi Pangkor Perak, Alcohol, tobacco and vehicles are not Duty free. Port of Tanjung Pelepas, Johor Tioman Island Waterfront ferry terminal and shopping complex Johor Bahru
Mongolia Altanbulag Free Trade Zone Tsagaannuur Free Economic Zone Zamyn-Üüd Free Economic Zone
Pakistan Gwadar Port
Philippines
Zamboanga City Special Economic Zone Authority
Singapore Singapore
South Korea Busan-Jinhae Free Economic Zone Gwangyang Bay Area Free Economic Zone Incheon Free Economic Zone Ulsan Free Economic Zone Gwangju Free Economic Zone Daegu-Gyeongbuk Free Economic Zone Chungbuk Free Economic Zone East Coast Free Economic Zone
Taiwan Port of Kaohsiung Free Trade Zone Port of Keelung Free Trade Zone Port of Taichung Free Trade Zone Port of Taipei Free Trade Zone Taoyuan Air Cargo Park Free Trade Zone
Thailand Port of Bangkok Port of Chiang Kong Port of Chieng Saen Port of Laem Chabang Port of Ranong
Turkey Mersin Free Zone, Mersin Antalya Free Zone, Antalya Aegean Free Zone, İzmir Istanbul Atatürk Airport Free Zone, Istanbul Trabzon Free Zone, Trabzon Istanbul Leather Industry Free Zone, Istanbul East Anatolia Free Zone, Erzurum Mardin Free Zone, Mardin Istanbul Stock Exchange Free Zone (İMKB), Istanbul İzmir Menemen Leather Free Zone, Menemen Rize Free Zone, Rize Samsun Free Zone, Samsun Istanbul Tracia Free Zone, Istanbul Kayseri Free Zone, Kayseri Adana Yumurtalık Free Zone, Yumurtalık European Free Zone, Çorlu Gaziantep Free Zone, Gaziantep Bursa Free Zone, Bursa Kocaeli Free Zone, Kocaeli Denizli Free Zone, Denizli Tübitak Free Zone, Gebze
United Arab Emirates
Uzbekistan Nukus FEZ
Europe European Union European Union free zones:
Austria Linz (port on river Danube) - ceased Vienna (port on river Danube) - ceased
Bulgaria Free Zone Bourgas Free Zone Plovdiv Free Zone Pyce Free Zone Rousse
Croatia Danube free zone of Vukovar Free zone of Kukuljanovo Free zone of Port of Rijeka - Škrljevo Free zone of Osijek Free zone of Zagreb Free zone of Krapina-Zagorje Free zone of Split-Dalmatia Free zone of Port of Ploče Free zone of Port of Pula Free zone of Port of Split
Cyprus Limassol Free Zone - ceased Larnaca Free Zone - ceased Customs Warehousing & Free Zones, Nicosia
Czech Republic Free zone Ostrava Free zone Pardubice
Denmark Freeport of Copenhagen (Københavns Frihavn), Copenhagen
Estonia Muuga Free Zone Sillamäe Free Zone Paldiski free zone
Finland Free zone of Lappeenranta (Lappeenrannan Vapaa-alue) - ceased Freeport of Hanko (Hangon Vapaasatama) - ceased
France Free Zone of Le Verdon - Port de Bordeaux (Zone franche du Verdon — Port de Bordeaux)
Germany Freeport of Bremerhaven (Freihafen Bremerhaven) Freeport of Cuxhaven (Freihafen Cuxhaven), since 1896 Freeport of Deggendorf (Freihafen Deggendorf), since 1989 - ceased Freeport of Duisburg (Freihafen Duisburg), since 1989 - ceased Speicherstadt, Hamburg - ceased
Greece Free zone of Evros (Debzos) - ceased Free zone of Heraklion Free zone of Piraeus Free zone of Thessaloniki Free Zone of Platygiali
Hungary Customs free zone Záhony
Ireland Port of Cork Free Port - ceased Shannon Free Zone (1959 - 2003) - ceased
Italy Aosta Valley - ceased Campione d'Italia - ceased Livigno - ceased Livorno, 1675–1860 - ceased Port of Trieste Free Zone of Venice (Porto franco di Venezia) Free Zone of Portovesme Free Zone of Taranto Free Zone of Brindisi Free Zone Of Brindisi – Capobianco
Latvia Free port of Riga Free port of Ventspils Rezekne SEZ Latgale SEZ - ceased Liepaja SEZ
Lithuania Akmenė Free Economic Zone - ceased Kaunas Free Economic Zone Kėdainiai Free Economic Zone - ceased Klaipėda Free Economic Zone Marijampolė Free Economic Zone - ceased Panevėžys Free Economic Zone - ceased Šiauliai Free Economic Zone - ceased
Luxembourg Luxembourg Freeport
Malta Malta Freeport
Poland Free Customs Zone Warsaw Airport Free Customs Zone Gliwice Free Duty Zone Terespol Free Customs Zone Szczecin Free Customs Zone Świnoujście Free Customs Zone Gdańsk Free Customs Zone Mszczonów
Portugal The Free Trade Zone of Madeira, which is composed by the following tax benefits Industrial Free Zone of Caniçal International Business Centre of Madeira International Ship Registry of Madeira
Romania Port of Constanţa, January 2007 Free zone Curtici Arad Free zone Galati Free zone Giurgiu Free zone Braila Free zone Sulina Free zone Constanta Sud si Basarabi
Slovenia Port of Koper
Spain Free zone of Barcelona (Zona Franca (Barcelona)) Free zone of Cádiz (Zona franca de Cádiz) Free zone of Vigo (Vigo Free Trade Zone Consortium) Free zone of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria (Zona franca de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria) Free zone of Santander (Zona franca de Santander) Free zone of Sevilla (Zona franca de Sevilla) Free zone of Santa Cruz de Tenerife (Zona franca de Tenerife) Free Zone of the Bay of Algeciras (Ceuta and Melilla are not Free Ports or Free zones because they are part of Spain, but not part of the European union for customs and excises)
Sweden Marstrand Free Port, 18th century - ceased Saint-Barthélemy, 1785–1878 - ceased Stockholms frihamn, 1919–1995 - ceased Frihamnen, Göteborg, 1922-2000(?) - ceased
Albania Koplik (Albanian Alps) Spitalle (Port of Durrës)
Armenia Meghri
Belarus Brest FEZ Grodno FEZ Mogilev Free Enterprise Zone
Georgia Adjara autonomous republic Batumi, 1878-1886 (then Russia)
Bosnia and Herzegovina Free Zone Trebinje Free zone Hercegovina Free zone Vogosca Free zone Visoko
Moldova Giurgiulești Freeport Expo-Business Chișinău, Chișinău) Ungheni-Business Tvardita Otaci-Business Valkanes Taraclia Free International Airport of Mărculești
Monaco Monaco Freeport
Montenegro Port of Bar Free Zone
North Macedonia Тechnological–Industrial Development Zones (TIDZs) 12 Free Zones
Russia Nakhodka Vladivostok, 1861–1909, 2015 (Free port of Vladivostok)
Serbia Serbia has 14 free economic zones as of September 2017; these are: Free Zone Apatin Free Zone FAS-Kragujevac Free Zone Kruševac Free Zone Niš-South Free Zone Novi Sad Free Zone Pirot Free Zone Priboj Free Zone Šabac Free Zone Smederevo Free Zone Subotica Free Zone Svilajnac Free Zone Užice Free Zone Vranje Free Zone Zrenjanin
Switzerland Geneva Freeport, La Praille, Geneva Geneva Cointrin International Airport free port, Geneva Magazzini Generali con Punto Franco SA, Chiasso and Stabio, free port and bonded warehouse, Chiasso PESA - Port-Franc et Entrepôts de Lausanne-Chavornay SA, free port and bonded warehouse, Chavornay (Vaud) SEV - Société des Entrepôts Vevey SA, free port and bonded warehouse, Vevey
Ukraine Free port and free economic zone Odesa 1819-1858 Trade sea port of Odesa, January 1, 2000 for 25 years
United Kingdom
Anglesey Freeport Celtic Freeport East Midlands Airport Freeport Forth Green Freeport Freeport East Humber Freeport Inverness and Cromarty Firth Freeport Liverpool City Region Freeport