This is a timeline of Sudanese history, comprising important legal and territorial changes and political events in Sudan and its predecessor states. To read about the background to these events, see History of Sudan. See that the list of governors of pre-independence Sudan and list of heads of state of Sudan.

10th to 14th centuries Year Date Event c. 975 Ibn Selim al-Aswani visits the Christian kingdoms of Makuria and Alodia, recording a comprehensive geopolitical and economic account of the Nubian courts. 1172 Ayyubid forces commanded by Turan-Shah invade Banu Kanz lands in Nubia, seizing the strategic frontier fortress of Qasr Ibrim. 1272 King David of Makuria launches a military offensive against the Egyptian maritime port of Aidhab on the Red Sea coast. 1276 Mamluk forces under Sultan Baibars invade Makuria, capture Old Dongola, and displace King David to install a puppet ruler subject to tribute payments. 1317 29 May The Throne Hall of Old Dongola is formally converted into a mosque. 1323 The Christian dynasties of Makuria effectively disintegrated.

15th to 18th centuries Year Date Event c. 1504 The Funj Sultanate (Kingdom of Sennar) is founded by Amara Dunqas following the final collapse of the tribal monarchy of Alodia. c. 1612 The Keira dynasty consolidates the Sultanate of Darfur under Sulayman Solong, establishing Islam as the official state religion. 1744 Battle of the Dindar River: The Funj Sultanate successfully repels a major invasion army launched by the Ethiopian Empire under Emperor Iyasu II. 1762 The Hamaj Coup occurs as military commander Muhammad Abu Likaylik overthrows the ruling Funj monarch, instating the Hamaj Regency and precipitating internal state decay.

19th century Year Date Event 1881 Mahdist War: A war began against the United Kingdom and Egypt1899 Sudan fell under the rule of an Anglo-Egyptian condominium.

20th century Year Date Event 1955 First Sudanese Civil War begins 1956 The country becomes independent as the Republic of the Sudan1983 Second Sudanese Civil War begins199820 AugustAl-Shifa pharmaceutical factory destroyed in a missile strike by the United States

21st century Year Date Event 2001 February Al-Turabi was arrested for signing a memorandum with the SPLA. March The United Nations (UN) World Food Programme struggled to feed millions facing starvation. April The SPLA threatened to attack foreign oil workers. June Peace talks in Nairobi broke down. July Egypt and Libya proposed a peace plan for Sudan. September The UN lifted sanctions against Sudan. October United States Senator John Danforth was appointed Special Envoy to Sudan. November The United States imposed sanctions on Sudan. 2002 January A ceasefire was agreed between the government and the SPLA. 20 July Second Sudanese Civil War: The Machakos Protocol ended the nineteen-year civil war. 2003 February War in Darfur: The war began. 2004 January The army moved into Darfur to quell the rebellion, prompting hundreds of thousands of refugees to flee into neighbouring Chad. March A UN official accused pro-government Janjaweed militias of carrying out systematic killings in Darfur. September United States Secretary of State Colin Powell described the Darfur killings as genocide. 2005 9 January The Comprehensive Peace Agreement was signed between the SPLA and the government. March The United Nations Security Council authorised sanctions against any violators of the Darfur ceasefire. June Al-Turabi was freed. July John Garang was sworn in as vice-president. 1 August Garang died in a plane crash and was succeeded by Salva Kiir Mayardit. September A power-sharing government was established. October An autonomous government was formed in southern Sudan. 2006 May The government signed a peace accord with a Darfur rebel group, the Sudan Liberation Movement. October Jan Pronk, head of the United Nations Mission in Sudan, was expelled from the country. November African Union peacekeepers extended their stay in Darfur for a further six months. 2007 May The United States placed fresh sanctions on Sudan. 31 July United Nations Security Council Resolution 1769 authorised twenty-six thousand peacekeepers for Darfur. August 2007 Sudan floods: Floods began. September 2007 Sudan floods: The floods ended. November Sudanese teddy bear blasphemy case: A British teacher was imprisoned for naming a teddy bear Muhammad.

On 11 and 15 April 2010, Southern Sudan Regional Elections: A South Sudanese There was a regional elections in Southern Sudan in which Salva Kiir Mayardit won by 93% of the votes.

See also Timeline of Khartoum history

References

Bibliography