Teruel is one of the 52 constituencies represented in the Congress of Deputies, the lower chamber of the Spanish parliament, the . The constituency (whose boundaries correspond to those of the homonymous province) currently elects three deputies. The electoral system uses the D'Hondt method and closed-list proportional voting, with a minimum threshold of three percent.

Electoral system The constituency was created as per the Political Reform Law and was first contested in the 1977 general election. The Law provided for the provinces of Spain to be established as multi-member districts in the Congress of Deputies,. with this regulation being maintained under the Spanish Constitution of 1978.. Additionally, the Constitution requires for any modification of the provincial limits to be approved under an organic law, needing an absolute majority in the Cortes Generales..

Voting is based on universal suffrage, comprising all Spanish nationals over 18 years of age with full political rights, provided that they have not been deprived of the right to vote by a final sentence.. The only exception was in 1977, when this was limited to nationals over 21 years of age and in full enjoyment of their political and civil rights.; . Amendments in 2011 required non-resident citizens to apply for voting, a system known as "begged" voting ().. which was abolished in 2022. Further, amendments in 2018 granted the right to vote to those legally incapacitated. The Congress of Deputies has a minimum of 300 and a maximum of 400 seats, with electoral provisions fixing its size at 350. Of these, 348 are elected in 50 multi-member constituencies corresponding to the provinces of Spain—each of which is assigned an initial minimum of two seats and the remaining 248 distributed in proportion to population—using the D'Hondt method and closed-list proportional voting, with a three percent-threshold of valid votes (including blank ballots) in each constituency. The remaining two seats are allocated to Ceuta and Melilla as single-member districts elected by plurality voting.; ; ; . The use of this electoral method may result in a higher effective threshold depending on district magnitude and vote distribution. The law does not provide for by-elections to fill vacant seats; instead, any vacancies arising after the proclamation of candidates and during the legislative term are filled by the next candidates on the party lists or, when required, by designated substitutes.; .

The electoral law allows for parties and federations registered in the interior ministry, alliances and groupings of electors to present lists of candidates. Parties and federations intending to form an alliance are required to inform the relevant electoral commission within 10 days of the election call—15 before 1985—whereas groupings of electors need to secure the signature of at least one percent of the electorate in the constituencies for which they seek election—one permille of the electorate, with a compulsory minimum of 500 signatures, until 1985—disallowing electors from signing for more than one list. Also since 2011, parties, federations or alliances that have not obtained a mandate in either chamber of the at the preceding election are required to secure the signature of at least 0.1 percent of electors in the aforementioned constituencies.; . Amendments in 2007 required a balanced composition of men and women in the electoral lists, so that candidates of either sex made up at least 40 percent of the total composition; further amendments in 2024 required the use of a zipper system..

Deputies Deputies 1977–present Legislature Election Distribution Constituent 1977 1 2 1st 1979 1 2 2nd 1982 2 1 3rd 1986 2 1 4th 1989 2 1 5th 1993 2 1 6th 1996 1 2 7th 2000 1 2 8th 2004 2 1 9th 2008 2 1 10th 2011 1 2 11th 2015 1 2 12th 2016 1 2 13th 2019 (Apr) 1 1 1 14th 2019 (Nov) 1 1 1 15th 2023 1 2

General elections 2023 + Summary of the 23 July 2023 Congress of Deputies election results in Teruel Parties and alliances Popular vote Seats Votes % ±pp Total +/− People's Party (PP) 26,586 35.02 +11.39 2 +1 Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE) 22,226 29.28 +3.74 1 ±0 Teruel Exists–Exists Coalition (Existe) 11,348 14.95 –11.71 0 –1 Vox (Vox) 9,932 13.08 +0.47 0 ±0 Unite Aragon (Sumar Aragón)1 4,126 5.44 +0.07 0 ±0 Aragonese Party (PAR) 711 0.94 New 0 ±0 Animalist Party with the Environment (PACMA)2 172 0.23 –0.06 0 ±0 Blank Seats to Leave Empty Seats (EB) 135 0.18 New 0 ±0 Workers' Front (FO) 94 0.12 New 0 ±0 Communist Party of the Workers of Spain (PCTE) 60 0.08 New 0 ±0 Zero Cuts (Recortes Cero) 49 0.06 +0.06 0 ±0 For a Fairer World (PUM+J) 36 0.05 ±0.00 0 ±0 Federation of Independents of Aragon (FIA) 28 0.04 New 0 ±0 Blank ballots 410 0.54 –0.18 Total 75,913 3 ±0 Valid votes 75,913 99.15 –0.14 Invalid votes 648 0.85 +0.14 Votes cast / turnout 76,561 71.99 +2.52 Abstentions 29,791 28.01 –2.52 Registered voters 106,352 Sources

November 2019 + Summary of the 10 November 2019 Congress of Deputies election results in Teruel Parties and alliances Popular vote Seats Votes % ±pp Total +/− Teruel Exists (¡TE!) 19,761 26.66 New 1 +1 Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE) 18,934 25.54 –7.28 1 ±0 People's Party (PP) 17,520 23.63 –0.15 1 ±0 Vox (Vox) 9,346 12.61 +1.93 0 ±0 United We Can (Podemos–IU) 3,982 5.37 –5.16 0 ±0 Citizens–Party of the Citizenry (Cs) 3,732 5.03 –14.64 0 –1 Animalist Party Against Mistreatment of Animals (PACMA) 212 0.29 –0.29 0 ±0 Spanish Communist Workers' Party (PCOE) 96 0.13 New 0 ±0 Communist Party of the Peoples of Spain (PCPE) 45 0.06 –0.06 0 ±0 For a Fairer World (PUM+J) 35 0.05 –0.04 0 ±0 Union of Everyone (UdT) 26 0.04 ±0.00 0 ±0 Puyalón (PYLN) 25 0.03 –0.05 0 ±0 At Once Valencian Community (aUna CV) 13 0.02 New 0 ±0 Zero Cuts–Green Group (Recortes Cero–GV) 0 0.00 –0.14 0 ±0 Blank ballots 403 0.54 –0.51 Total 74,130 3 ±0 Valid votes 74,130 99.29 +0.98 Invalid votes 531 0.71 –0.98 Votes cast / turnout 74,661 69.47 –4.26 Abstentions 32,806 30.53 +4.26 Registered voters 107,467 Sources

April 2019 + Summary of the 28 April 2019 Congress of Deputies election results in Teruel Parties and alliances Popular vote Seats Votes % ±pp Total +/− Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE) 25,629 32.82 +6.49 1 ±0 People's Party (PP) 18,566 23.78 –17.48 1 –1 Citizens–Party of the Citizenry (Cs) 15,357 19.67 +6.49 1 +1 Vox (Vox) 8,336 10.68 New 0 ±0 United We Can (Podemos–IU–Equo) 8,224 10.53 –6.23 0 ±0 Animalist Party Against Mistreatment of Animals (PACMA) 452 0.58 +0.04 0 ±0 Blank Seats (EB) 272 0.35 +0.02 0 ±0 Zero Cuts–Green Group (Recortes Cero–GV) 113 0.14 –0.03 0 ±0 Communist Party of the Peoples of Spain (PCPE) 96 0.12 +0.03 0 ±0 For a Fairer World (PUM+J) 74 0.09 New 0 ±0 Puyalón (PYLN) 66 0.08 New 0 ±0 Death to the System (+MAS+) 47 0.06 New 0 ±0 Union of Everyone (UdT) 28 0.04 –0.02 0 ±0 Blank ballots 823 1.05 +0.11 Total 78,083 3 ±0 Valid votes 78,083 98.31 –0.36 Invalid votes 1,344 1.69 +0.36 Votes cast / turnout 79,427 73.73 +4.31 Abstentions 28,307 26.27 –4.31 Registered voters 107,734 Sources

2016 + Summary of the 26 June 2016 Congress of Deputies election results in Teruel Parties and alliances Popular vote Seats Votes % ±pp Total +/− People's Party–Aragonese Party (PP–PAR) 30,913 41.26 +4.86 2 ±0 Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE) 19,724 26.33 +0.67 1 ±0 United We Can in Aragon (Podemos–IU–Equo)1 12,558 16.76 –3.57 0 ±0 Citizens–Party of the Citizenry (C's) 9,871 13.18 –1.53 0 ±0 Animalist Party Against Mistreatment of Animals (PACMA) 402 0.54 +0.06 0 ±0 Blank Seats (EB) 245 0.33 –0.07 0 ±0 Spanish Phalanx of the CNSO (FE de las JONS) 160 0.21 New 0 ±0 Zero Cuts–Green Group (Recortes Cero–GV) 125 0.17 –0.01 0 ±0 Communist Party of the Peoples of Spain (PCPE) 71 0.09 –0.03 0 ±0 Social Aragonese Movement (MAS) 62 0.08 New 0 ±0 Union of Everyone (UdT) 48 0.06 New 0 ±0 Independents for Aragon (i) 39 0.05 New 0 ±0 Blank ballots 704 0.94 –0.20 Total 74,922 3 ±0 Valid votes 74,922 98.67 +0.04 Invalid votes 1,010 1.33 –0.04 Votes cast / turnout 75,932 69.42 –2.21 Abstentions 33,448 30.58 +2.21 Registered voters 109,380 Sources

2015 + Summary of the 20 December 2015 Congress of Deputies election results in Teruel Parties and alliances Popular vote Seats Votes % ±pp Total +/− People's Party–Aragonese Party (PP–PAR) 28,282 36.40 –15.38 2 ±0 Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE) 19,938 25.66 –7.26 1 ±0 We Can (Podemos) 11,895 15.31 New 0 ±0 Citizens–Party of the Citizenry (C's) 11,427 14.71 New 0 ±0 United Left–Aragonese Union–Popular Unity in Common (IU–CHA–UPeC) 3,897 5.02 –2.88 0 ±0 Union, Progress and Democracy (UPyD) 456 0.59 –2.85 0 ±0 Animalist Party Against Mistreatment of Animals (PACMA) 375 0.48 +0.14 0 ±0 Blank Seats (EB) 313 0.40 –0.20 0 ±0 Zero Cuts–Green Group (Recortes Cero–GV) 139 0.18 New 0 ±0 Communist Party of the Peoples of Spain (PCPE) 97 0.12 New 0 ±0 Blank ballots 883 1.14 –1.05 Total 77,702 3 ±0 Valid votes 77,702 98.63 +0.78 Invalid votes 1,082 1.37 –0.78 Votes cast / turnout 78,784 71.63 +1.35 Abstentions 31,200 28.37 –1.35 Registered voters 109,984 Sources

2011 + Summary of the 20 November 2011 Congress of Deputies election results in Teruel Parties and alliances Popular vote Seats Votes % ±pp Total +/− People's Party–Aragonese Party (PP–PAR)1 39,993 51.78 +3.59 2 +1 Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE) 25,426 32.92 –11.58 1 –1 Aragonese Union–United Left: Plural Left (CHA–IU)2 6,103 7.90 +2.94 0 ±0 Union, Progress and Democracy (UPyD) 2,656 3.44 +2.99 0 ±0 Blank Seats (EB) 466 0.60 New 0 ±0 Animalist Party Against Mistreatment of Animals (PACMA) 260 0.34 +0.23 0 ±0 Pirate Party (Pirata) 218 0.28 New 0 ±0 Socialists for Teruel (SxT) 169 0.22 New 0 ±0 For a Fairer World (PUM+J) 151 0.20 +0.17 0 ±0 Communist Unification of Spain (UCE) 93 0.12 New 0 ±0 Blank ballots 1,694 2.19 +1.10 Total 77,229 3 ±0 Valid votes 77,229 97.85 –1.39 Invalid votes 1,700 2.15 +1.39 Votes cast / turnout 78,929 70.28 –6.29 Abstentions 33,372 29.72 +6.29 Registered voters 112,301 Sources

2008 + Summary of the 9 March 2008 Congress of Deputies election results in Teruel Parties and alliances Popular vote Seats Votes % ±pp Total +/− Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE) 38,617 44.50 +3.41 2 ±0 People's Party (PP) 34,386 39.62 –1.21 1 ±0 Aragonese Party (PAR) 7,440 8.57 +0.61 0 ±0 United Left (IU) 2,270 2.62 –0.24 0 ±0 Aragonese Union (CHA) 2,029 2.34 –2.73 0 ±0 Union, Progress and Democracy (UPyD) 388 0.45 New 0 ±0 The Greens–Green Group (LV–GV) 170 0.20 New 0 ±0 Citizens–Party of the Citizenry (C's) 113 0.13 New 0 ±0 Anti-Bullfighting Party Against Mistreatment of Animals (PACMA) 93 0.11 New 0 ±0 Spanish Phalanx of the CNSO (FE de las JONS) 55 0.06 ±0.00 0 ±0 Communist Party of the Peoples of Spain (PCPE) 49 0.06 –0.07 0 ±0 Aragon United Citizens Party (pCUA) 43 0.05 New 0 ±0 National Democracy (DN) 34 0.04 +0.01 0 ±0 For a Fairer World (PUM+J) 30 0.03 New 0 ±0 Social Democratic Party–Federation of Independents of Aragon (PSD–FIA) 30 0.03 New 0 ±0 Spanish Alternative (AES) 21 0.02 New 0 ±0 Family and Life Party (PFyV) 18 0.02 –0.03 0 ±0 Authentic Phalanx (FA) 17 0.02 New 0 ±0 Spain 2000 (E–2000) 16 0.02 New 0 ±0 National Alliance (AN) 13 0.01 New 0 ±0 Centrist Party (PCTR) 10 0.01 New 0 ±0 Blank ballots 944 1.09 –0.44 Total 86,786 3 ±0 Valid votes 86,786 99.24 +0.03 Invalid votes 667 0.76 –0.03 Votes cast / turnout 87,453 76.57 +0.21 Abstentions 26,759 23.43 –0.21 Registered voters 114,212 Sources

2004