__NOTOC__ Millennia: 1st BC1st2nd3rdThis is a timeline of Romanian history, comprising important legal and territorial changes and political events in Romania and its predecessor states. To read about the background to these events, see History of Romania.Centuries: 5th BC4th BC3rd BC2nd BC1st BC1st2nd3rd4th5th6th7th8th9th10th11th12th13th14th15th16th17th18th19th20th21st

1st millennium BC Centuries: 5th BC4th BC3rd BC2nd BC1st BC

5th century BC Year Date Event440 BC Herodotus in Histories is the first to mention Dacians as living on the territory of modern-day Romania.5th century Charnabon, king of the Getae.

4th century BC Year Date Event4th century Cothelas, King of the Getae.Atlas of Classical History by R. Talbert, 1989, page 63, "Getae under Cothelas"339 BC Rex Histrianorum, ruling over Histria, is mentioned by Trogus Pompeius și Justinus. 4th centuryThe Getae silver Helmet of Agighiol. The Geto-Dacian Helmet of Coțofenești. The Geto-Dacian Helmet of Iron Gates. The Geto-Dacian Helmet of Făcău-Bulbucata.The Geto-Dacian Helmet of Peretu.MOSCALU, E., Das thrako-getische Fürstengrab von Peretu in Rumänien. Bericht der Römisch-Germanischen Kommission 70, 1989 (1990) pp. 129–190.

3rd century BC Year Date Eventc. 300 BC King Dromichaetes ruled both sides of the river Danube.Dacia: Landscape, Colonization and Romanization by Ioana A Oltean, 2007, Index Dromichaetes King of the Getians King Moskon ruled the northern parts of Dobruja.Radu Ocheșeanu, Monedele basileului Moskon aflate în colecțiile Muzeului de arheologie Constanța (=Coins of Basileus Moskon in the collections of the Archaeological Museum at Constantza), în Pontica 3 (1970), p. 125-128.

2nd century BC Year Date Event c. 200 BCKing Rhemaxos protected Greek colonies in Dobruja.Kurt W. Treptow and Ioan Bolovan in "A history of Romania – East European Monographs", 1996, , page 17 "..Two inscriptions discovered at Histria indicate that Geto-Dacian rulers (Zalmodegikos and later Rhemaxos) continued to exercise control over that city-state around 200 BC ...."The Hellenistic Age from the Battle of Ipsos to the Death of Kleopatra VII by Stanley M. Burstein, 1985, Index Rhemaxos Getic or Scythian ruler

1st century BC Year Date Event 100 BC King Dicomes ruled Dacia.Dacia: Landscape, Colonization and Romanization by Ioana A Oltean, 2007, page 47, "Dicomes of the Getians" King Rholes ruled Dobruja. King Dapyx ruled Dobruja. 82 BC King Burebista rules Dacia. (to 44 BC) 44 BC Deceneus is High Priest of Dacia. (to 27 BC) 40 BC King Cotiso ruled Banat and Oltenia. (to 9 BC) 29 BC King Zyraxes ruled northern Dobruja. (to 27 BC) 9 BC King Comosicus ruled Dacia. (to AD 30)

1st millennium Centuries: 1st2nd3rd4th5th6th7th8th9th10th

1st century Year Date Event 30 King Scorilo ruled Dacia. (to 70) 68 King Duras ruled Dacia. (to 87) 86 Roman Emperor Domitian loses war with the Kingdom of Dacia. (to 88) 87 King Decebalus ruled Dacia. (to 106)

2nd century Year Date Event 101 First war between the Roman Empire and Dacia which ended in an unfavorable peace treaty for emperor Trajan. (to 102) 105 Peace broken, King Decebalus loses Second Dacian War, the south-west part of Dacia becomes a Roman province. (to 106) 170 The Costoboci tribe invades Roman territory. Meeting little opposition, they swept through and raided the provinces of Moesia Inferior, Moesia Superior, Thracia, Macedonia and Achaea. (to 171) 177 Written on bronze tablets, the Roman laws of Troesmis attest the joint rule of Roman emperors Marcus Aurelius and Commodus.Cristina-Georgeta Alexandrescu, Christian Gugl, Troesmis și romanii la Dunărea de Jos. Proiectul Troesmis 2010–2013 (to 180) 200 Pieporus is king over the Dacian Costoboci (see Costoboci#Onomastics).Wilhelm Tomachek in "Les restes de la langue dace" published in "Le Muséon By Société des lettres et des sciences, Louvain, Belgium, page 407 "Pieporus, prince des daces Costoboces..."Gudmund Schütte in Ptolemy's maps of northern Europe, H. Hagerup, 1917 page 82 "historical king Pieporus. The same author Schütte in "Our forefathers" published by University Press, 1929 page 74 "The North Dacian tribes of the Koistobokoi and Karpoi unlike the rest of Dacia escaped the Roman conquest of AD 105..." Tribal king Tarbus is mentioned by Dio Cassius without having his origin specified. Some authors consider a possible Dacian ethnicityWilhelm Tomachek (1883): "Les restes de la langue dace" published in "Le Muséon By Société des lettres et des sciences, Louvain, Belgium, page 409Batty, Roger (2007): Rome and the Nomads: the Pontic-Danubian realm in antiquity, Oxford University Press, , , page 366

3rd century Year Date Event 260 After the defeat and capture of Roman emperor Valerian, Dacian general Regalianus became Roman emperor for a brief period. 271 Roman withdrawal from Dacia occurs under Roman emperor Aurelianus after 169 years of rule. (to 275)

4th century Year Date Event 305 May Galerius, born in SerdicaEutropius. Breviarivm historiae romanae, IX, 22 (Sofia, Bulgaria), whose mother had fled from Dacia Traiana, becomes and rules as Roman Emperor. He is also awarded six Carpicus Maximus titles after winning six battles against the Carps. Galerius died in late April or early May 311 from a horribly gruesome disease described by EusebiusEusebius, Historia Ecclesiae 352–356 and Lactantius,Lactantius, De Mortibus Persecutorum 33 possibly some form of bowel cancer, gangrene or Fournier gangrene. (to 311) 308 Dacian-born Maximinus II (Galerius' nephew) becomes Roman Emperor. He competed with Licinius in the Civil wars of the Tetrarchy. He ruled together with other Roman Emperors as per the Civil wars of the Tetrarchy. (to 313) Licinius I, born to peasant family which had fled from Dacia Traiana, becomes Roman Emperor of the eastern part of the Roman Empire. He was the childhood friend of the Roman Emperor Galerius. (to 324) 311 Galerius signs the Edict of Serdica (modern day Sofia, Bulgaria) thus officially ending the Diocletianic persecution of Christianity in the East two years before the Edict of Milan being the first edict legalizing Christianity. 313 Shortly before Maximinus II's death at Tarsus, while previously persecuting Christians and opposing the Edict of Serdica, he issued an edict of tolerance on his own, granting Christians the rights of assembling, of building churches, and the restoration of their confiscated properties.Ecclesiastical History, X, 7–11 February Licinius I co-authored the Edict of Milan with Roman Emperor Constantine I thus bestowing legal status on the Christian religion. Christianity was later made the official religion of the Roman Empire under Roman Emperor Theodosius I in 380. According to Lactantius' literary chronicle De mortibus Persecutorum, Galerius affirms his Dacian (Thracian) identity by avowing himself the enemy of the Roman name once made emperor, even proposing that the empire should be called the "Dacian Empire". He exhibited anti-Roman attitude as soon as he had attained the highest power, treating the Roman citizens with ruthless cruelty, like the conquerors treated the conquered, all in the name of the same treatment that the victorious Trajan had applied to the conquered Dacians, forefathers of Galerius, two centuries before. (to 316) 317 Roman emperor Constantine I the Great is awarded the title Carpicus Maximus after winning a battle against the Carps.CIL VIII.8412 March 1 Licinius II (Licinius I's son) serves in the Eastern Roman Empire with the rank of Caesar as per the inscription "LICINIUS IUNior NOBilissimus CAESar" which translates as 'Licinius Junior Most Noble Caesar'. (to 324) 324 Constantine I defeats Licinius I at the Battle of Chrysopolis and becomes Roman Emperor during the Civil wars of the Tetrarchy. 325 Licinius I is hanged by Constantine due to being accused of conspiring to raise troops among the barbarians. 326 Licinius II is killed by the Roman Emperor Constantine, probably in the context of the execution of Caesar Crispus. 333 The Itinerarium Burdigalense mentions Troesmis.Laura-Diana Cizer, Toponimia județului Tulcea: considerații sincronice și diacronice, 303 pag., Editura Lumen, 2012 (to 334) 353 The Roman soldier and historian Ammianus Marcellinus places the Carps as living inside the Roman Empire.Ammianus XXVIII.1.5; XXVII.5.5 (to 378) 370 Alaric I is born on Peuce Island, Dobruja, modern-day Romania. He later led the Goths in the Sack of Rome (410). 381 The Byzantine chronicler Zosimus records an invasion over the Danube by a barbarian coalition of Huns, Sciri and what he terms Karpodakai, or Carpo-Dacians, as being defeated by emperor Theodosius.Zosimus, Historia Nova, IV (114) 390 The Notitia Dignitatum mentions the presence of the commander of the Roman Legion Legio II Herculia in Troesmis.TOCILESCU 1883a, p. 101NDOr. 39, 23 and 29: Trosmis, 31: Iprosmis 393 A coin bearing the name of the Western Roman Emperor Honorius was found in a grave at Troesmis. (to 395) 400 Tabula Peutingeriana shows about 88 localities, the names of some of which were still Dacian at the time of its compiling as they end in -dava. 20 of them are still inhabited today, and 6 of them still retain the same name, or, incorporate their original names into their current name. A paleo-Christian basilica was discovered in Niculițel in the spot named "La Plăcintă". Coins from between 330 and 354 were discovered, as were 5th-century modifications to the basilica. While a specific end date for the use of the basilica could not be determined, a couple of 10th century submerged dwellings were discovered as having been dug in the NV corner of the nave which concludes that the basilica was in disarray by the 10th century. Under the altar there is a crypt which housed the bones of the martyrs whose names were written on the sidewalls.Lista monumentelor istorice 2004, MO nr. 646 bis/16/07/2004, Ordinul ministrului culturii și cultelor nr. 2.314/2004, vol. III, 2004, 2271, poz. 283 [Ordin MCC] (site record source)DMASI, Proiectul Listei Monumentelor Istorice, 1991 [Proiect LMI] (site record source) (to 600) A paleo-Christian basilica was discovered in the Adamclisi fortress. (to 600) 4th century The Biertan Donarium was made.

5th century