Anthracothema was a genus of extinct artiodactyl ungulate mammals that lived in Myanmar during the late Eocene.
Taxonomy Ducrocq (1999) and Tsubamoto et al. (2002) considered Anthracothema a synonym of Anthracotherium.Ducrocq, S. 1999. The late Eocene Anthracotheriidae (Mammalia, Artiodactyla) from Thailand. Palaeontographica Abteilung A vol. 252:Lfg. 4–6. p. 93–140. pls. 1–14.Tsubamoto T, Takai M, Egi N, Shigehara N, Tun ST, Aung AK, Soe Aung Naing, Thein T. 2002. The Anthracotheriidae (Mammalia; Artiodactyla) from the Eocene Pondaung Formation (Myanmar) and comments on some other anthracotheres from the Eocene of Asia. Paleontol Res. 6:363–384. However, Lihoreau et al. (2004) and Scherler et al. (2018) rejected the synonymy, with the latter recovering it as sister to Myaingtherium and Siamotherium.Lihoreau, F., Blondel, C., Barry, J. and Brunet, M., 2004: A new species of the genus Microbunodon (Anthracotheriidae, Artiodactyla) from the Miocene of Pakistan: genus revision, phylogenetic relationships and palaeobiogeography. Zoologica Scripta, vol. 33, p. 97–115.Laureline Scherler; Fabrice Lihoreau; Damien Becker (2018). "To split or not to split Anthracotherium? A phylogeny of Anthracotheriinae (Cetartiodactyla: Hippopotamoidea) and its palaeobiogeographical implications". Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. Online edition. doi:10.1093/zoolinnean/zly052.
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