Lagomorpha is an order of placental mammals, comprising the rabbits, hares, and pikas. Members of this order are called lagomorphs. It currently comprises 93 extant species, which are grouped into 12 genera. Lagomorphs live on every major landmass except Antarctica, and in a variety of habitats, especially forests, grasslands, shrublands, and rocky areas. They are generally small in size and come in two main groupings of body plans, the larger rabbit group and smaller pika group, ranging overall from the long Gansu pika to the long desert hare. The domestic rabbit subspecies of the European rabbit has been domesticated, resulting in a worldwide distribution.

Lagomorpha is divided into two families: Leporidae, comprising the rabbits and hares; and Ochotonidae, or the pikas. The 64 extant species of Leporidae are divided into 11 genera, though the majority of the species are placed into Sylvilagus (cottontail rabbits) and Lepus (hares); the 29 extant species of Ochotonidae are grouped into a single genus, Ochotona. The exact organization of the species is not fixed, with many recent proposals made based on molecular phylogenetic analysis. No lagomorph species have recently gone extinct, though some species are endangered and the riverine rabbit is critically endangered.

Conventions The author citation for the species or genus is given after the scientific name; parentheses around the author citation indicate that this was not the original taxonomic placement. Range maps are provided wherever possible; if a range map is not available, a description of the collective range of species in that genera is provided. Ranges are based on the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List of Threatened Species unless otherwise noted. All extinct genera or species listed alongside extant species went extinct after 1500 CE, and are indicated by a dagger symbol "".

Classification

The order Lagomorpha consists of 93 extant species belonging to 12 genera. This does not include hybrid species or extinct prehistoric species. Modern molecular studies indicate that the 12 genera can be grouped into 2 families.

Family Leporidae Genus Brachylagus (pygmy rabbit): one species Genus Bunolagus (riverine rabbit): one species Genus Caprolagus (hispid hare): one species Genus Lepus (hares): 32 species Genus Nesolagus (striped rabbits): two species Genus Oryctolagus (European rabbit): one species Genus Pentalagus (Amami rabbit): one species Genus Poelagus (Bunyoro rabbit): one species Genus Pronolagus (red rock hares): four species Genus Romerolagus (volcano rabbit): one species Genus Sylvilagus (cottontail rabbits): 19 species

Family Ochotonidae Genus Ochotona (pikas): 29 species

Lagomorphs The following classification is based on the taxonomy described by the reference work Mammal Species of the World (2005), with augmentation by generally accepted proposals made since using molecular phylogenetic analysis, as supported by both the IUCN and the American Society of Mammalogists.

Family Leporidae

Members of the Leporidae family are called leporids, or colloquially rabbits and hares. Leporidae comprises 73 extant species, divided into 11 genera.

Family Ochotonidae

Members of the Ochotonidae family are called ochotonids, or colloquially pikas. Ochotonidae comprises 34 extant species, which are all contained within a single genus.

References Wilson, Reeder, pp. 185–211

Smith, Johnston, Alves, Hackländer, p. 91

Smith, Johnston, Alves, Hackländer, p. 94

Lepus sizes: Antelope jackrabbit: Smith, Johnston, Alves, Hackländer, p. 160 Snowshoe hare: Smith, Johnston, Alves, Hackländer, p. 163 Arctic hare: Smith, Johnston, Alves, Hackländer, p. 166 Japanese hare: Smith, Johnston, Alves, Hackländer, p. 169 Black-tailed jackrabbit: White-sided jackrabbit: Cape hare: Broom hare: Smith, Johnston, Alves, Hackländer, p. 179 Yunnan hare: Smith, Johnston, Alves, Hackländer, p. 222 Korean hare: Corsican hare: European hare: Ethiopian hare: Smith, Johnston, Alves, Hackländer, p. 190 Tehuantepec jackrabbit: Granada hare: Smith, Johnston, Alves, Hackländer, p. 193 Abyssinian hare: Hainan hare: Smith, Johnston, Alves, Hackländer, p. 197 Black jackrabbit: Smith, Johnston, Alves, Hackländer, p. 198 Manchurian hare: Smith, Johnston, Alves, Hackländer, p. 200 Indian hare: Woolly hare: Alaskan hare: Smith, Johnston, Alves, Hackländer, p. 204 Burmese hare: Smith, Johnston, Alves, Hackländer, p. 205 Scrub hare: Chinese hare: Smith, Johnston, Alves, Hackländer, p. 96 Ethiopian highland hare: Kingdon, p. 310 Desert hare: Mountain hare: Smith, Johnston, Alves, Hackländer, pp. 212–213 Tolai hare: Smith, Xie, et al., p. 291 White-tailed jackrabbit: Verts, Carraway, p. 142 African savanna hare: Yarkand hare: Smith, Xie, et al., p. 292 Lepus habitats and diets: Antelope jackrabbit: Snowshoe hare: Arctic hare: Japanese hare: ; Black-tailed jackrabbit: ; White-sided jackrabbit: ; Cape hare: Broom hare: Yunnan hare: ; Smith, Xie, et al., p. 287 Korean hare: ; Corsican hare: ; European hare: ; Ethiopian hare: Tehuantepec jackrabbit: ; Granada hare: ; Abyssinian hare: ; Hainan hare: ; Black jackrabbit: ; Manchurian hare: ; Smith, Xie, et al., p. 289 Indian hare: ; Woolly hare: ; Alaskan hare: Burmese hare: Scrub hare: Chinese hare: Ethiopian highland hare: Desert hare: ; Mountain hare: ; Smith, Johnston, Alves, Hackländer, pp. 212–213 Tolai hare: White-tailed jackrabbit: African savanna hare: Yarkand hare: Nesolagus sizes: Sumatran striped rabbit: Smith, Johnston, Alves, Hackländer, p. 96 Annamite striped rabbit: Nesolagus habitats and diets: Sumatran striped rabbit: Annamite striped rabbit: ;

Smith, Johnston, Alves, Hackländer, p. 105

Pronolagus sizes: Natal red rock hare: Smith, Johnston, Alves, Hackländer, p. 109 Jameson's red rock hare: Smith's red rock hare: Smith, Johnston, Alves, Hackländer, p. 112 Hewitt's red rock hare: Smith, Johnston, Alves, Hackländer, p. 113 Pronolagus habitats and diets: Natal red rock hare: ; Smith, Johnston, Alves, Hackländer, p. 109 Jameson's red rock hare: ; Smith's red rock hare: ; Hewitt's red rock hare: ; Smith, Johnston, Alves, Hackländer, p. 113 Smith, Johnston, Alves, Hackländer, pp. 114–115

Sylvilagus sizes: Andean tapeti: Smith, Johnston, Alves, Hackländer, p. 127 Common tapeti, Central American tapeti, Santa Marta tapeti: Swamp rabbit: Smith, Johnston, Alves, Hackländer, p. 118 Desert cottontail: Smith, Johnston, Alves, Hackländer, p. 120 Brush rabbit: Smith, Johnston, Alves, Hackländer, p. 123 Mexican cottontail: Smith, Johnston, Alves, Hackländer, p. 132 Dice's cottontail: Smith, Johnston, Alves, Hackländer, p. 136 Eastern cottontail: Smith, Johnston, Alves, Hackländer, p. 138 Tres Marias cottontail: Davis Mountains cottontail: Omilteme cottontail: Mountain cottontail: Feldhamer, Carlyle, Chapman, p. 104 Appalachian cottontail: Kurta, p. 96 Marsh rabbit: Coastal tapeti: New England cottontail: Venezuelan lowland rabbit: Sylvilagus habitats and diets: Andean tapeti: Santa Marta tapeti: Swamp rabbit: ; Desert cottontail: Brush rabbit: Common tapeti: ; Mexican cottontail: ; Smith, Johnston, Alves, Hackländer, p. 132 Dice's cottontail: ; Smith, Johnston, Alves, Hackländer, p. 136 Eastern cottontail: Central American tapeti: ; Tres Marias cottontail: ; Davis Mountains cottontail: Omilteme cottontail: Mountain cottontail: ; Appalachian cottontail: Marsh rabbit: ; Coastal tapeti: New England cottontail: ; Venezuelan lowland rabbit:

Ochotona sizes: Alpine pika: Smith, Johnston, Alves, Hackländer, p. 31 Helan Shan pika: Smith, Johnston, Alves, Hackländer, p. 33 Gansu pika: Smith, Johnston, Alves, Hackländer, p. 35 Collared pika: Smith, Johnston, Alves, Hackländer, p. 36 Korean pika: Smith, Johnston, Alves, Hackländer, p. 40 Plateau pika: Smith, Johnston, Alves, Hackländer, p. 40 Daurian pika: Chinese red pika: Smith, Johnston, Alves, Hackländer, p. 46 Forrest's pika: Smith, Johnston, Alves, Hackländer, p. 47 Glover's pika: Smith, Johnston, Alves, Hackländer, pp. 48–49 Hoffmann's pika: Smith, Johnston, Alves, Hackländer, p. 50 Northern pika: Smith, Johnston, Alves, Hackländer, pp. 51–52 Ili pika: Smith, Johnston, Alves, Hackländer, p. 54 Koslov's pika: Smith, Johnston, Alves, Hackländer, p. 56 Ladak pika: Smith, Johnston, Alves, Hackländer, pp. 57–58 Large-eared pika: Manchurian pika: Smith, Johnston, Alves, Hackländer, pp. 60–61 Nubra pika: Smith, Johnston, Alves, Hackländer, p. 62 Kazakh pika: Smith, Johnston, Alves, Hackländer, pp. 63–64 Pallas's pika: Smith, Johnston, Alves, Hackländer, p. 66 American pika: Smith, Johnston, Alves, Hackländer, pp. 68–70 Steppe pika: Smith, Johnston, Alves, Hackländer, p. 73 Royle's pika: Smith, Johnston, Alves, Hackländer, pp. 75–76 Afghan pika: Smith, Johnston, Alves, Hackländer, p. 77 Turkestan red pika: Smith, Johnston, Alves, Hackländer, p. 80 Tsing-ling pika: Smith, Johnston, Alves, Hackländer, p. 82 Moupin pika: Smith, Johnston, Alves, Hackländer, p. 83 Thomas's pika: Smith, Johnston, Alves, Hackländer, p. 84 Turuchan pika: Smith, Johnston, Alves, Hackländer, p. 86 Ochotona habitats and diets: Alpine pika: Helan Shan pika: Gansu pika: Collared pika: Korean pika: Plateau pika: Daurian pika: ; Chinese red pika: Forrest's pika: Glover's pika: ; Smith, Johnston, Alves, Hackländer, pp. 48–49 Hoffmann's pika: ; Smith, Johnston, Alves, Hackländer, p. 50 Northern pika: ; Smith, Johnston, Alves, Hackländer, pp. 51–52 Ili pika: ; Smith, Johnston, Alves, Hackländer, p. 54 Koslov's pika: Ladak pika: ; Smith, Johnston, Alves, Hackländer, pp. 57–58 Large-eared pika: ; Smith, Johnston, Alves, Hackländer, p. 59 Manchurian pika: ; Smith, Johnston, Alves, Hackländer, pp. 60–61 Nubra pika: ; Smith, Johnston, Alves, Hackländer, p. 62 Kazakh pika: ; Smith, Johnston, Alves, Hackländer, pp. 63–64 Pallas's pika: ; American pika: ; Smith, Johnston, Alves, Hackländer, pp. 68–70 Steppe pika: ; Smith, Johnston, Alves, Hackländer, p. 73 Royle's pika: ; Smith, Johnston, Alves, Hackländer, pp. 75–76 Afghan pika: Turkestan red pika: Tsing-ling pika: Moupin pika: Thomas's pika: Turuchan pika:

Sources