Soria is one of the 52 constituencies represented in the Congress of Deputies, the lower chamber of the Spanish parliament, the . The constituency (whose boundaries correspond to those of the homonymous province) currently elects two deputies. The electoral system uses the D'Hondt method and closed-list proportional voting, with a minimum threshold of three percent.

Electoral system The constituency was created as per the Political Reform Law and was first contested in the 1977 general election. The Law provided for the provinces of Spain to be established as multi-member districts in the Congress of Deputies,. with this regulation being maintained under the Spanish Constitution of 1978.. Additionally, the Constitution requires for any modification of the provincial limits to be approved under an organic law, needing an absolute majority in the Cortes Generales..

Voting is based on universal suffrage, comprising all Spanish nationals over 18 years of age with full political rights, provided that they have not been deprived of the right to vote by a final sentence.. The only exception was in 1977, when this was limited to nationals over 21 years of age and in full enjoyment of their political and civil rights.; . Amendments in 2011 required non-resident citizens to apply for voting, a system known as "begged" voting ().. which was abolished in 2022. Further, amendments in 2018 granted the right to vote to those legally incapacitated. The Congress of Deputies has a minimum of 300 and a maximum of 400 seats, with electoral provisions fixing its size at 350. Of these, 348 are elected in 50 multi-member constituencies corresponding to the provinces of Spain—each of which is assigned an initial minimum of two seats and the remaining 248 distributed in proportion to population—using the D'Hondt method and closed-list proportional voting, with a three percent-threshold of valid votes (including blank ballots) in each constituency. The remaining two seats are allocated to Ceuta and Melilla as single-member districts elected by plurality voting.; ; ; . The use of this electoral method may result in a higher effective threshold depending on district magnitude and vote distribution. The law does not provide for by-elections to fill vacant seats; instead, any vacancies arising after the proclamation of candidates and during the legislative term are filled by the next candidates on the party lists or, when required, by designated substitutes.; .

The electoral law allows for parties and federations registered in the interior ministry, alliances and groupings of electors to present lists of candidates. Parties and federations intending to form an alliance are required to inform the relevant electoral commission within 10 days of the election call—15 before 1985—whereas groupings of electors need to secure the signature of at least one percent of the electorate in the constituencies for which they seek election—one permille of the electorate, with a compulsory minimum of 500 signatures, until 1985—disallowing electors from signing for more than one list. Also since 2011, parties, federations or alliances that have not obtained a mandate in either chamber of the at the preceding election are required to secure the signature of at least 0.1 percent of electors in the aforementioned constituencies.; . Amendments in 2007 required a balanced composition of men and women in the electoral lists, so that candidates of either sex made up at least 40 percent of the total composition; further amendments in 2024 required the use of a zipper system..

Deputies Deputies 1977–present Legislature Election Distribution Constituent 1977 3 1st 1979 1 2 2nd 1982 1 1 1 3rd 1986 1 2 4th 1989 1 2 5th 1993 1 2 6th 1996 1 2 7th 2000 1 2 8th 2004 1 2 9th 2008 1 1 10th 2011 1 1 11th 2015 1 1 12th 2016 1 1 13th 2019 (Apr) 1 1 14th 2019 (Nov) 1 1 15th 2023 1 1

General elections 2023 + Summary of the 23 July 2023 Congress of Deputies election results in Soria Parties and alliances Popular vote Seats Votes % ±pp Total +/− People's Party (PP) 18,895 37.22 +4.37 1 ±0 Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE) 14,966 29.48 –5.09 1 ±0 Soria Now! (SY) 9,697 19.10 New 0 ±0 Vox (Vox) 4,978 9.81 –3.69 0 ±0 Unite (Sumar)1 1,711 3.37 –4.21 0 ±0 Animalist Party with the Environment (PACMA)2 94 0.19 –0.25 0 ±0 Workers' Front (FO) 68 0.13 New 0 ±0 Communist Party of the Workers of Spain (PCTE) 43 0.08 –0.11 0 ±0 For a Fairer World (PUM+J) 23 0.05 –0.15 0 ±0 Zero Cuts (Recortes Cero) 9 0.02 –0.18 0 ±0 Blank ballots 285 0.56 –0.99 Total 50,769 2 ±0 Valid votes 50,769 99.24 +1.01 Invalid votes 388 0.76 –1.01 Votes cast / turnout 51,157 67.52 +6.02 Abstentions 24,611 32.48 -6.02 Registered voters 75,768 Sources

November 2019 + Summary of the 10 November 2019 Congress of Deputies election results in Soria Parties and alliances Popular vote Seats Votes % ±pp Total +/− Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE) 16,043 34.57 +2.86 1 ±0 People's Party (PP) 15,247 32.85 +6.18 1 ±0 Vox (Vox) 6,264 13.50 +4.16 0 ±0 United We Can (Podemos–IU) 3,517 7.58 –1.02 0 ±0 Citizens–Party of the Citizenry (Cs) 2,670 5.75 –10.57 0 ±0 Sorian People's Platform (PPSO) 1,466 3.16 –1.95 0 ±0 Animalist Party Against Mistreatment of Animals (PACMA) 205 0.44 –0.07 0 ±0 Zero Cuts–Green Group–PCAS–TC (Recortes Cero–GV–PCAS–TC) 95 0.20 ±0.00 0 ±0 For a Fairer World (PUM+J) 95 0.20 +0.05 0 ±0 Communist Party of the Workers of Spain (PCTE) 87 0.19 +0.03 0 ±0 Blank ballots 721 1.55 +0.32 Total 46,410 2 ±0 Valid votes 46,410 98.23 –0.23 Invalid votes 838 1.77 +0.23 Votes cast / turnout 47,248 61.50 –7.32 Abstentions 29,579 38.50 +7.32 Registered voters 76,827 Sources

April 2019 + Summary of the 28 April 2019 Congress of Deputies election results in Soria Parties and alliances Popular vote Seats Votes % ±pp Total +/− Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE) 16,513 31.71 +5.99 1 ±0 People's Party (PP) 13,887 26.67 –18.20 1 ±0 Citizens–Party of the Citizenry (Cs) 8,501 16.32 +4.87 0 ±0 Vox (Vox) 4,866 9.34 +9.10 0 ±0 United We Can (Podemos–IU–Equo) 4,481 8.60 –6.72 0 ±0 Sorian People's Platform (PPSO) 2,663 5.11 New 0 ±0 Animalist Party Against Mistreatment of Animals (PACMA) 263 0.51 –0.01 0 ±0 Zero Cuts–Green Group–PCAS–TC (Recortes Cero–GV–PCAS–TC) 103 0.20 +0.02 0 ±0 Communist Party of the Workers of Spain (PCTE) 81 0.16 New 0 ±0 For a Fairer World (PUM+J) 77 0.15 New 0 ±0 Blank ballots 642 1.23 +0.02 Total 52,077 2 ±0 Valid votes 52,077 98.46 –0.11 Invalid votes 815 1.54 +0.11 Votes cast / turnout 52,892 68.82 +3.29 Abstentions 23,969 31.18 –3.29 Registered voters 76,861 Sources

2016 + Summary of the 26 June 2016 Congress of Deputies election results in Soria Parties and alliances Popular vote Seats Votes % ±pp Total +/− People's Party (PP) 22,264 44.87 +6.23 1 ±0 Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE) 12,762 25.72 +1.93 1 ±0 United We Can (Podemos–IU–Equo)1 7,599 15.32 –4.29 0 ±0 Citizens–Party of the Citizenry (C's) 5,679 11.45 –3.74 0 ±0 Animalist Party Against Mistreatment of Animals (PACMA) 260 0.52 +0.15 0 ±0 Union, Progress and Democracy (UPyD) 125 0.25 –0.38 0 ±0 Vox (Vox) 119 0.24 New 0 ±0 Zero Cuts–Green Group (Recortes Cero–GV) 90 0.18 +0.01 0 ±0 Spanish Phalanx of the CNSO (FE de las JONS) 63 0.13 New 0 ±0 Communist Party of the Peoples of Spain (PCPE) 57 0.11 +0.01 0 ±0 Blank ballots 600 1.21 –0.10 Total 49,618 2 ±0 Valid votes 49,618 98.57 –0.20 Invalid votes 719 1.43 +0.20 Votes cast / turnout 50,337 65.53 –2.64 Abstentions 26,477 34.47 +2.64 Registered voters 76,814 Sources

2015 + Summary of the 20 December 2015 Congress of Deputies election results in Soria Parties and alliances Popular vote Seats Votes % ±pp Total +/− People's Party (PP) 20,030 38.64 –16.29 1 ±0 Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE) 12,331 23.79 –7.66 1 ±0 We Can (Podemos) 8,328 16.07 New 0 ±0 Citizens–Party of the Citizenry (C's) 7,872 15.19 New 0 ±0 United Left–Popular Unity in Common (IU–UPeC) 1,836 3.54 –1.13 0 ±0 Union, Progress and Democracy (UPyD) 327 0.63 –3.66 0 ±0 Animalist Party Against Mistreatment of Animals (PACMA) 192 0.37 +0.07 0 ±0 National Democracy (DN) 101 0.19 –0.16 0 ±0 Zero Cuts–Green Group (Recortes Cero–GV) 86 0.17 New 0 ±0 Communist Party of the Peoples of Spain (PCPE) 54 0.10 New 0 ±0 Blank ballots 679 1.31 –1.22 Total 51,836 2 ±0 Valid votes 51,836 98.77 +0.99 Invalid votes 647 1.23 –0.99 Votes cast / turnout 52,483 68.17 +0.62 Abstentions 24,503 31.83 –0.62 Registered voters 76,986 Sources

2011 + Summary of the 20 November 2011 Congress of Deputies election results in Soria Parties and alliances Popular vote Seats Votes % ±pp Total +/− People's Party (PP) 28,063 54.93 +5.13 1 ±0 Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE) 16,066 31.45 –11.15 1 ±0 United Left of Castile and León: Plural Left (IUCyL) 2,385 4.67 +2.43 0 ±0 Union, Progress and Democracy (UPyD) 2,190 4.29 +2.32 0 ±0 Equo (Equo) 559 1.09 New 0 ±0 National Democracy (DN) 181 0.35 +0.25 0 ±0 Animalist Party Against Mistreatment of Animals (PACMA) 152 0.30 +0.14 0 ±0 For a Fairer World (PUM+J) 127 0.25 +0.13 0 ±0 Communist Unification of Spain (UCE) 73 0.14 New 0 ±0 Blank ballots 1,295 2.53 +0.80 Total 51,091 2 ±0 Valid votes 51,091 97.78 +0.19 Invalid votes 1,161 2.22 –0.19 Votes cast / turnout 52,252 67.55 –6.66 Abstentions 25,103 32.45 +6.66 Registered voters 77,355 Sources

2008 + Summary of the 9 March 2008 Congress of Deputies election results in Soria Parties and alliances Popular vote Seats Votes % ±pp Total +/− People's Party (PP) 27,905 49.80 –1.00 1 –1 Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE) 23,868 42.60 +3.81 1 ±0 United Left–Alternative (IU) 1,253 2.24 +0.10 0 ±0 Union, Progress and Democracy (UPyD) 1,106 1.97 New 0 ±0 Citizens–Party of the Citizenry (C's) 187 0.33 New 0 ±0 The Greens (LV) 107 0.19 New 0 ±0 The Greens of Europe (LVdE) 96 0.17 New 0 ±0 Anti-Bullfighting Party Against Mistreatment of Animals (PACMA) 91 0.16 New 0 ±0 Social Democratic Party (PSD) 83 0.15 New 0 ±0 Commoners' Land (TC) 83 0.15 +0.03 0 ±0 For a Fairer World (PUM+J) 66 0.12 New 0 ±0 National Democracy (DN) 55 0.10 +0.06 0 ±0 Communist Party of the Castilian People (PCPC–PCPE) 50 0.09 +0.04 0 ±0 Spanish Phalanx of the CNSO (FE de las JONS) 48 0.09 +0.03 0 ±0 Family and Life Party (PFyV) 27 0.05 New 0 ±0 Spanish Alternative (AES) 20 0.04 New 0 ±0 Spain 2000 (E–2000) 16 0.03 New 0 ±0 Blank ballots 972 1.73 –0.45 Total 56,033 2 –1 Valid votes 56,033 97.59 +0.32 Invalid votes 1,386 2.41 –0.32 Votes cast / turnout 57,419 74.21 –1.01 Abstentions 19,951 25.79 +1.01 Registered voters 77,370 Sources

2004 + Summary of the 14 March 2004 Congress of Deputies election results in Soria Parties and alliances Popular vote Seats Votes % ±pp Total +/− People's Party (PP) 29,187 50.80 –7.67 2 ±0 Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE) 22,287 38.79 +6.81 1 ±0 Initiative for the Development of Soria (IDES) 2,934 5.11 New 0 ±0 United Left (IU) 1,230 2.14 –2.19 0 ±0 Citizens for Blank Votes (CenB) 100 0.17 New 0 ±0 Democratic and Social Centre (CDS) 89 0.15 –1.15 0 ±0 Commoners' Land–Castilian Nationalist Party (TC–PNC) 71 0.12 –0.31 0 ±0 Family and Life Party (PFyV) 39 0.10 New 0 ±0 Humanist Party (PH) 35 0.06 New 0 ±0 Republican Left (IR) 34 0.06 New 0 ±0 Spanish Phalanx of the CNSO (FE de las JONS) 32 0.06 New 0 ±0 Carlist Party (PC) 28 0.05 New 0 ±0 Communist Party of the Castilian People (PCPC–PCPE) 28 0.05 New 0 ±0 Spanish Democratic Party (PADE) 25 0.04 –0.06 0 ±0 National Democracy (DN) 23 0.04 New 0 ±0 The Phalanx (FE) 20 0.03 –0.07 0 ±0 Spanish Absolute Honesty Political Group (GPHAE) 17 0.03 New 0 ±0 Authentic Phalanx (FA) 17 0.03 New 0 ±0 Republican Social Movement (MSR) 8 0.01 New 0 ±0 Blank ballots 1,255 2.18 –0.62 Total 57,459 3 ±0 Valid votes 57,459 97.27 –1.66 Invalid votes 1,612 2.73 +1.66 Votes cast / turnout 59,071 75.22 +5.92 Abstentions 19,460 24.78 –5.92 Registered voters 78,531 Sources

2000