Ōsumi can stand for:
Ōsumi Province, a former province of Japan Ōsumi Peninsula Ōsumi Islands, an archipelago at the northern end of the Ryukyu Islands Ōsumi (satellite), the first Japanese satellite Ōsumi class LST, a class of Japanese amphibious transport dock
People with the surname Masaaki Ōsumi (born 1934), Japanese anime director Baron Mineo Ōsumi, a Japanese admiral Paul Osumi, a Japanese Christian minister Yoshinori Ohsumi, Japanese cell biologist and 2016 Nobel laureate in Physiology or Medicine