Cyclophoridae is a taxonomic family of small to large tropical land snails with an operculum, terrestrial gastropod mollusks in the order Architaenioglossa belonging to the subclass Caenogastropoda (according to the taxonomy of the Gastropoda by Bouchet & Rocroi, 2005).
This diverse family with many species is now limited to the representatives in the tropics and subtropics of the Old and New World.
Their fossil history dates back through the Early TertiaryGordon MS, Olson EC (1995) Invasions of the Land: The Transitions of Organisms from Aquatic to Terrestrial Life. Columbia University Press, New York, 312 pp to the Cenomanian age of the Cretaceous.
Description The dextral shells are mostly of small and rarely medium size. The form of the shell varies from discoidal to turbinate. The round aperture is often modified, sometimes with an incision or a constriction. The last whorl can sometimes be disconnected and then extends strongly from the winding plane. The operculum is generally circular, which can be retracted deeply into the shell. Its form is multispiral and can be calcified or lacking calcareous overlay. The outer layer of the operculum can contain accessory deposits.
The head of the soft body ends in a short proboscis. The tentacles are round in cross-section, relatively long and taper to the end. The eyes are located at the base of the antenna on flat papillae. The longitudinal muscular foot is not divided. The mantle cavity acts as a lung cavity. The taenioglossan radula has seven elements per transverse row. The central row of the radula contains usually five, rarely three or seven teeth. The animals are dioecious.
Taxonomy and systematics
This family consists of the following subfamilies according to the taxonomy of the Gastropoda by Bouchet & Rocroi, 2005, which adapted the tribes of Cyclophorinae from the system used by Wenz (1938). Wenz W. (1938-1944) Teil 1: Allgemeiner Teil und Prosobranchia. In: Schindewolf O. H. (ed.) Handbuch der Paläozoologie, Band 6, Gastropoda, Verlag Gebrüder Bornträger, Berlin, xii + 1639 pp. Thirty five genera containing approximately 810 species have been recognized as in 2008.Lee YC, Lue KY, Wu WL (2008) Molecular evidence for a polyphyletic genus Japonia (Architaenioglossa: Cyclophoridae) and with the description of a new genus and two new species. Zootaxa 1792: 22-38.
Some notable genera are also listed here: Subfamily Cyclophoridae incertae sedis (taxon inquirendum) Acroptychia Crosse & P. Fischer, 1877 Anosycolus Fischer-Piette, C.P. Blanc, F. Blanc & Salvat, 1993 † Archaeocyclotus Asato & Hirano in Hirano et al., 2019 Dominamaria Iredale, 1941 Ettemona Iredale, 1941 Hainesia L. Pfeiffer, 1856 † Hirsuticyclus Neubauer, Xing & Jochum, 2019 Madgeaconcha Griffiths & Florens, 2004 Naggsiaconcha Griffiths & Florens, 2004 Nobuea Kuroda & Miyanaga, 1943 † Palaeocyclophorus Wenz, 1923 † Tropidogyra Wenz, 1923 Ventriculus Wenz in Fischer & Wenz, 1914 Cyclophorus incertae sedis (temporary name)
Subfamily Alycaeinae Blanford, 1864: raised to the rank of family Alycaeidae in 2020
Subfamily Cyclophorinae Gray, 1847 Genus Aulopoma Troschel, 1847 Tribe Caspicyclotini Wenz, 1938 Caspicyclotus Forcart, 1935 Tribe Cyathopomatini Kobelt & Möllendorff, 1897 Cyathopoma Blanford & Blanford, 1861 † Mazzinia Oppenheim, 1895 Mychopoma Blanford, 1869 Jerdonia Blanford & Blanford, 1861: synonym of Cyathopoma W. T. Blanford & H. F. Blanford, 1861 Pseudojerdonia Kobelt, 1902: synonym of Cyathopoma (Pseudojerdonia) Kobelt, 1902 represented as Cyathopoma W. T. Blanford & H. F. Blanford, 1861 (unaccepted rank)
Tribe Cyclophorini Gray, 1847 Afroditropis Bequaert & Clench, 1936 Craspedotropis Blanford, 1864 Crossopoma von Martens, 1891 Cyclophorus Montfort, 1810 Cyclosurus Morelet, 1881 Ditropopsis Smith, 1897 Elgonocyclus Verdcourt, 1982 Japonia Gould, 1859 Lagocheilus Blanford, 1864 Leptopoma Pfeiffer, 1847 Leptopomoides Nevill, 1878 Micraulax Theobald, 1876 Montanopoma Stanisic, 2010 Myxostoma Troschel, 1847 Otopoma Gray, 1850 Owengriffithsius Emberton, 2002 Papuocyclus Ancey, 1895 Pilosphaera Lee, Lue & Wu, 2008 Ptychopoma Möllendorff, 1885 Scabrina Blanford, 1863 Theobaldius Nevill, 1878
Tribe Cyclotini Pfeiffer, 1853 Afrocyclus Cole, 2019 Cyclotus Swainson, 1840 Eucyclotus Möllendorff, 1890 Nakadaella Ancey, 1904 Opisthoporus Benson, 1851 Platyrhaphe Möllendorff, 1890 Speleocyclotus Vermeulen, Luu, Theary & Anker, 2019
Genus Pholeoteras Sturany, 1904
Tribe Pterocyclini Kobelt & Möllendorff, 1897 Millotorbis Fischer-Piette & Bedoucha, 1965 Pterocyclos Benson, 1832 Rhiostoma Benson, 1860 Spiraculum Pearson, 1833
Genus † Eotrichophorus D. A. Bullis, Herhold, Czekanski-Moir, Grimaldi & Rundell, 2020
Subfamily † Ferussininae Wenz, 1923 (1915) † Ferussina Grateloup, 1827
Subfamily Spirostomatinae Tielecke, 1940 Spirostoma Heude, 1885
Subfamily Spirostomatinae Tielecke, 1940 Spirostoma Heude, 1885
Genus † Trotopyrgula X.-H. Yu, 1987
References
Sources
Kobelt, W. (1909). Cyclophoridae. Berlin: Verlag von R. Friedländer und Sohn. The standard reference based on shell morphology. Nantarat, N., Sutcharit, C., Tongkerd, P., Ablett, J., Naggs, F. & Panha, S. (2014). An annotated catalogue of type specimens of the land snail genus Cyclophorus Monfort, 1810 (Caenogastropoda, Cyclophoridae) in the Natural History Museum, London. ZooKeys, 411, 1–56.
External links