Texas was admitted to the United States on December 29, 1845, and elects its U.S. senators to class 1 and class 2. The state's current senators are Republicans John Cornyn (serving since 2002) and Ted Cruz (serving since 2013). A total of 27 Democrats, 7 Republicans, and 1 Liberal Republican have served or are serving as U.S. senators from Texas. Morris Sheppard was Texas's longest-serving senator (1913–1941).
List of senators
|- style="height:2em" | colspan=3 | Vacant | nowrap | Dec 29, 1845 –Feb 21, 1846 | Texas did not elect its senators until two months after statehood. | rowspan=4 | 1 | | rowspan=2 | 1 | Texas did not elect its senators until two months after statehood. | nowrap | Dec 29, 1845 –Feb 21, 1846 | colspan=3 | Vacant
! rowspan=7 | 1 | rowspan=7 align=left | Thomas Jefferson Rusk | rowspan=7 | Democratic | rowspan=7 nowrap | Feb 21, 1846 –Jul 29, 1857 | rowspan=3 | Elected in 1846. | Elected in 1846. | rowspan=11 nowrap | Feb 21, 1846 –Mar 3, 1859 | rowspan=11 |Democratic | rowspan=11 align=right | Sam Houston ! rowspan=11 | 1
|- style="height:2em" | | rowspan=3 | 2 | rowspan=3 | Re-elected in 1847.
|- style="height:2em"
|- style="height:2em" | rowspan=3 | Re-elected in 1851. | rowspan=3 | 2
|- style="height:2em" | | rowspan=7 | 3 | rowspan=7 | Re-elected in 1853.Retired.
|- style="height:2em"
|- style="height:2em" | Re-elected in 1857.Died. | rowspan=10 | 3
|- style="height:2em" | colspan=3 | Vacant | nowrap | Jul 29, 1857 –Nov 9, 1857
|- style="height:2em" ! 2 | align=left | J. Pinckney Henderson | | Democratic | nowrap | Nov 9, 1857 –Jun 4, 1858 | Appointed to finish Rusk's term.Died.
|- style="height:2em" | colspan=3 | Vacant | nowrap | Jun 4, 1858 –Sep 27, 1858
|- style="height:2em" ! rowspan=2 | 3 | rowspan=2 align=left | Matthias Ward | rowspan=2 | Democratic | rowspan=2 nowrap | Sep 27, 1858 –Dec 5, 1859 | rowspan=2 | Appointed to continue Rusk's term.Lost nomination to finish Rusk's term.
|- style="height:2em" | | rowspan=6 | 4 | rowspan=4 | Elected in 1859.Expelled following Texas's secession from the Union. | rowspan=4 nowrap | Mar 4, 1859 –Jul 11, 1861 | rowspan=4 |Democratic | rowspan=4 align=right | John Hemphill ! rowspan=4 | 2
|- style="height:2em" ! rowspan=2 | 4 | rowspan=2 align=left | Louis Wigfall | rowspan=2 | Democratic | rowspan=2 nowrap | Dec 5, 1859 –Mar 23, 1861 | rowspan=2 | Elected to finish Rusk's term.Withdrew.
|- style="height:2em"
|- style="height:2em" | rowspan=6 colspan=3 | Vacant | rowspan=6 nowrap | Mar 23, 1861 –Mar 30, 1870 | rowspan=6 | Civil War and reconstruction.
|- style="height:2em" | rowspan=6 | Civil War and reconstruction. | rowspan=6 nowrap | Jul 11, 1861 –Mar 31, 1870 | rowspan=6 colspan=3 | Vacant
|- style="height:2em" | rowspan=3 | 4
|- style="height:2em" | | rowspan=5 | 5
|- style="height:2em"
|- style="height:2em" | rowspan=5 | 5
|- style="height:2em" ! rowspan=4 | 5 | rowspan=4 align=left | J. W. Flanagan
| rowspan=4 | Republican | rowspan=4 nowrap | Mar 30, 1870 –Mar 3, 1875 | rowspan=4 | Elected upon readmission.
|- style="height:2em" | Elected upon readmission. | rowspan=4 nowrap | Mar 31, 1870 –Mar 3, 1877 | rowspan=2 |Republican | rowspan=4 align=right | Morgan C. Hamilton ! rowspan=4 | 3
|- style="height:2em" | | rowspan=3 | 6 | rowspan=3 | Re-elected in 1870.Retired.
|- style="height:2em" | | | Liberal Republican
|- style="height:2em" ! rowspan=6 | 6 | rowspan=6 align=left | Samuel B. Maxey | rowspan=6 | Democratic | rowspan=6 nowrap | Mar 4, 1875 –Mar 3, 1887 | rowspan=3 | Elected in 1875. | rowspan=3 | 6 | | | Republican
|- style="height:2em" | | rowspan=3 | 7 | rowspan=3 | Elected in 1876. | rowspan=11 nowrap | Mar 4, 1877 –Mar 3, 1895 | rowspan=11 |Democratic | rowspan=11 align=right | Richard Coke ! rowspan=11 | 4
|- style="height:2em"
|- style="height:2em" | rowspan=3 | Re-elected in 1881.Lost re-election. | rowspan=3 | 7
|- style="height:2em" | | rowspan=3 | 8 | rowspan=3 | Re-elected in 1883.
|- style="height:2em"
|- style="height:2em" ! rowspan=3 | 7 | rowspan=3 align=left | John H. Reagan | rowspan=3 | Democratic | rowspan=3 nowrap | Mar 4, 1887 –Jun 10, 1891 | rowspan=3 | Elected in 1887.Resigned to become chairman of the Railroad Commission of Texas. | rowspan=5 | 8
|- style="height:2em" | | rowspan=5 | 9 | rowspan=5 | Re-elected in 1889.Retired.
|- style="height:2em"
|- style="height:2em" ! 8 | align=left | Horace Chilton | | Democratic | nowrap | Jun 10, 1891 –Mar 22, 1892 | Appointed to continue Reagan's term.Lost election to finish Reagan's term.
|- style="height:2em" ! rowspan=4 | 9 | rowspan=4 align=left | Roger Q. Mills | rowspan=4 | Democratic | rowspan=4 nowrap | Mar 30, 1892 –Mar 3, 1899 | Elected to finish Reagan's term.
|- style="height:2em" | rowspan=3 | Re-elected in 1893.Retired. | rowspan=3 | 9
|- style="height:2em" | | rowspan=3 | 10 | rowspan=3 | Elected in 1895.Retired. | rowspan=3 nowrap | Mar 4, 1895 –Mar 3, 1901 | rowspan=3 |Democratic | rowspan=3 align=right | Horace Chilton ! rowspan=3 | 5
|- style="height:2em"
|- style="height:2em" ! rowspan=15 | 10 | rowspan=15 align=left | Charles A. Culberson | rowspan=15 | Democratic | rowspan=15 nowrap | Mar 4, 1899 –Mar 3, 1923 | rowspan=3 | Elected in 1899. | rowspan=3 | 10
|- style="height:2em" | | rowspan=3 | 11 | rowspan=3 | Elected in 1901. | rowspan=6 nowrap | Mar 4, 1901 –Jan 3, 1913 | rowspan=6 |Democratic | rowspan=6 align=right | Joseph W. Bailey ! rowspan=6 | 6
|- style="height:2em"
|- style="height:2em" | rowspan=3 | Re-elected in 1905. | rowspan=3 | 11
|- style="height:2em" | | rowspan=6 | 12 | rowspan=3 | Re-elected in 1907.Resigned.
|- style="height:2em"
|- style="height:2em" | rowspan=6 | Re-elected in 1911. | rowspan=6 | 12
|- style="height:2em" | Appointed to continue Bailey's term.Lost election to finish Bailey's term.Retired. | nowrap | Jan 4, 1913 –Jan 29, 1913 | |Democratic | align=right | Rienzi Melville Johnston ! 7
|- style="height:2em"
| nowrap | Jan 29, 1913 –Feb 3, 1913 | colspan=3 | Vacant
|- style="height:2em" | Elected in 1913 to finish Bailey's term. | rowspan=16 nowrap | Feb 3, 1913 –Apr 9, 1941 | rowspan=16 |Democratic | rowspan=16 align=right | Morris Sheppard
! rowspan=16 | 8
|- style="height:2em" | | rowspan=3 | 13 | rowspan=3 | Elected in 1913 to the full term.
|- style="height:2em"
|- style="height:2em" | rowspan=3 | Re-elected in 1916.Lost renomination. | rowspan=3 | 13
|- style="height:2em" | | rowspan=3 | 14 | rowspan=3 | Re-elected in 1918.
|- style="height:2em"
|- style="height:2em" ! rowspan=3 | 11 | rowspan=3 align=left | Earle B. Mayfield | rowspan=3 | Democratic | rowspan=3 nowrap | Mar 4, 1923 –Mar 3, 1929 | rowspan=3 | Elected in 1922.Lost renomination. | rowspan=3 | 14
|- style="height:2em" | | rowspan=3 | 15 | rowspan=3 | Re-elected in 1924.
|- style="height:2em"
|- style="height:2em" ! rowspan=16 | 12 | rowspan=16 align=left | Tom Connally | rowspan=16 | Democratic | rowspan=16 nowrap | Mar 4, 1929 –Jan 3, 1953 | rowspan=3 | Elected in 1928. | rowspan=3 | 15
|- style="height:2em" | | rowspan=3 | 16 | rowspan=3 | Re-elected in 1930.
|- style="height:2em"
|- style="height:2em" | rowspan=3 | Re-elected in 1934. | rowspan=3 | 16
|- style="height:2em" | | rowspan=7 | 17 | rowspan=3 | Re-elected in 1936.Died.
|- style="height:2em"
|- style="height:2em" | rowspan=7 | Re-elected in 1940. | rowspan=7 | 17
|- style="height:2em"
| nowrap | Apr 9, 1941 –Apr 21, 1941 | colspan=3 | Vacant
|- style="height:2em" | Appointed to continue Sheppard's term.Died. | nowrap | Apr 21, 1941 –Jun 26, 1941 | |Democratic | align=right | Andrew J. Houston ! 9
|- style="height:2em"
| nowrap | Jun 26, 1941 –Aug 4, 1941 | colspan=3 | Vacant
|- style="height:2em" | Elected to finish Sheppard's term. | rowspan=4 nowrap | Aug 4, 1941 –Jan 3, 1949 | rowspan=4 |Democratic | rowspan=4 align=right | W. Lee O'Daniel ! rowspan=4 | 10
|- style="height:2em" | | rowspan=3 | 18 | rowspan=3 | Re-elected in 1942.Retired.
|- style="height:2em"
|- style="height:2em" | rowspan=3 | Re-elected in 1946.Retired. | rowspan=3 | 18
|- style="height:2em" | | rowspan=3 | 19 | rowspan=3 | Elected in 1948. | rowspan=8 nowrap | Jan 3, 1949 –Jan 3, 1961 | rowspan=8 |Democratic | rowspan=8 align=right | Lyndon B. Johnson ! rowspan=8 | 11
|- style="height:2em"
|- style="height:2em" ! rowspan=3 | 13 | rowspan=3 align=left | Price Daniel | rowspan=3 | Democratic | rowspan=3 nowrap | Jan 3, 1953 –Jan 14, 1957 | rowspan=3 | Elected in 1952.Resigned to become Governor of Texas. | rowspan=5 | 19
|- style="height:2em" | | rowspan=5 | 20 | rowspan=5 | Re-elected in 1954.Re-elected in 1960, but resigned to become U.S. Vice President.
|- style="height:2em"
|- style="height:2em" ! 14 | align=left | Bill Blakley | | Democratic | nowrap | Jan 15, 1957 –Apr 28, 1957 | Appointed to continue Daniel's term.Retired when his successor was elected.
|- style="height:2em" ! rowspan=8 | 15 | rowspan=8 align=left | Ralph Yarborough | rowspan=8 | Democratic | rowspan=8 nowrap | Apr 29, 1957 –Jan 3, 1971 | Elected to finish Daniel's term.
|- style="height:2em" | rowspan=4 | Re-elected in 1958. | rowspan=4 | 20
|- style="height:2em" | | rowspan=4 | 21 | Appointed to begin Johnson's term.Lost election to finish Johnson's term. | nowrap | Jan 3, 1961 –Jun 14, 1961 | |Democratic | align=right | Bill Blakley ! 12
|- style="height:2em" | rowspan=3 | Elected in 1961 to finish Johnson's term. | rowspan=12 nowrap | Jun 15, 1961 –Jan 3, 1985 | rowspan=12 |Republican | rowspan=12 align=right | John Tower ! rowspan=12 | 13
|- style="height:2em"
|- style="height:2em" | rowspan=3 | Re-elected in 1964.Lost renomination. | rowspan=3 | 21
|- style="height:2em" | | rowspan=3 | 22 | rowspan=3 | Re-elected in 1966.
|- style="height:2em"
|- style="height:2em" ! rowspan=12 | 16 | rowspan=12 align=left | Lloyd Bentsen | rowspan=12 | Democratic | rowspan=12 nowrap | Jan 3, 1971 –Jan 20, 1993 | rowspan=3 | Elected in 1970. | rowspan=3 | 22
|- style="height:2em" | | rowspan=3 | 23 | rowspan=3 | Re-elected in 1972.
|- style="height:2em"
|- style="height:2em" | rowspan=3 | Re-elected in 1976. | rowspan=3 | 23
|- style="height:2em" | | rowspan=3 | 24 | rowspan=3 | Re-elected in 1978.Retired.
|- style="height:2em"
|- style="height:2em" | rowspan=3 | Re-elected in 1982. | rowspan=3 | 24
|- style="height:2em" | | rowspan=3 | 25 | rowspan=3 | Elected in 1984. | rowspan=12 nowrap | Jan 3, 1985 –Nov 30, 2002 | rowspan=12 |Republican | rowspan=12 align=right | Phil Gramm ! rowspan=12 | 14
|- style="height:2em"
|- style="height:2em" | rowspan=3 | Re-elected in 1988.Resigned to become U.S. Secretary of the Treasury. | rowspan=6 | 25
|- style="height:2em" | | rowspan=6 | 26 | rowspan=6 | Re-elected in 1990.
|- style="height:2em"
|- style="height:2em" | colspan=3 | Vacant | nowrap | Jan 20, 1993 –Jan 21, 1993
|- style="height:2em" ! 17 | align=left | Bob Krueger | | Democratic | nowrap | Jan 21, 1993 –Jun 14, 1993 | Appointed to continue Bentsen's term.Lost election to finish Bentsen's term.
|- style="height:2em" ! rowspan=12 | 18 | rowspan=12 align=left | Kay Bailey Hutchison | rowspan=12 | Republican | rowspan=12 nowrap | Jun 14, 1993 –Jan 3, 2013 | Elected in 1993 to finish Bentsen's term.
|- style="height:2em" | rowspan=3 | Re-elected in 1994. | rowspan=3 | 26
|- style="height:2em" | | rowspan=5 | 27 | rowspan=3 | Re-elected in 1996.Retired, and resigned early to give successor preferential seniority.
|- style="height:2em"
|- style="height:2em" | rowspan=5 | Re-elected in 2000. | rowspan=5 | 27
|- style="height:2em"
| nowrap | Nov 30, 2002 –Dec 2, 2002 | colspan=3 | Vacant
|- style="height:2em" | Appointed to finish Gramm's term, having been elected to the next term. | rowspan=13 nowrap | Dec 2, 2002 –present | rowspan=13 |Republican | rowspan=13 align=right | John Cornyn ! rowspan=13 | 15
|- style="height:2em" | | rowspan=3 | 28