The water buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) is a domesticated bovid widely kept in Asia, Europe and South America.

Water buffalo can also refer to: Wild water buffalo (Bubalus arnee), the wild ancestor of the domestic water buffalo Various other smaller species in the genus Bubalus Water buffalo (zodiac), a Vietnamese zodiac sign Water buffalo incident, a racial controversy at the University of Pennsylvania in 1993 LVT-2 Water Buffalo, a US Second World War military vehicle used to transport troops and supplies from ship to shore; see A nickname for the Suzuki GT750 motorcycle A World War II US water tank mounted on a 2-wheeled trailer, catalog number G-527

See also Loyal Order of Water Buffaloes, a secret society in The Flintstones