This is a list of political parties in Syria, including any current or historical party since independence. Syria in early independence saw a primarily two-party system, then followed by a long period of one-party rule during Ba'athist Syria. Since the fall of the Assad regime, Syria is under political transition and has not yet seen the emergence of major political parties.
In March 2025, the Constitutional Declaration was signed by President Ahmed al-Sharaa. It states that the state shall protect the right to political participation and the formation of political parties on national foundations in accordance with a new law, and shall guarantee the work of associations and unions.
History Early independence During the French mandate, the National Bloc emerged to oppose French rule and fight for Syrian independence. Following independence, the bloc split into the National Party and the People's Party, which became the two major parties in the Second Syrian Republic. The Ba'ath Party also became more prominent but was not yet a dominant party.
Ba'athist Syria Following the Ba'athist coup in 1963, the Ba'ath Party came to power and ruled during Ba'athist Syria. During this time, there were also several other allied parties with political participation, and they formed the National Progressive Front.
Contemporary At the Syrian Revolution Victory Conference on 29 January 2025, all parties in the National Progressive Front associated with the old regime was officially banned by the Syrian caretaker government, who took power in December 2024 following the fall of the Assad regime.
Legislation Ba'athist Syria Under Ba'athist Syria, anyone was allowed to start a new political party, however it could not be founded on an ethnic, religious, regional or tribal basis.
In the 2012 Constitution of Ba'athist Syria, a licensed party must have:
at least 50 founding members, aged 25 or over, who have been Syrian nationals for more than 10 years, are not members of any other party, Syrian or non-Syrian.
Contemporary Since the fall of the Assad regime, there has not yet been any legislation for political parties from the People's Assembly of Syria or the Syrian transitional government, although there have been discussions that president Ahmed al-Sharaa and his advisors are developing a new political party.
Political parties and organizations Pre-2024 registered parties PartyAcronymLeader or ChairmanPolitical positionsPeople's Will Partyحزب الإرادة الشعبيةḤizb al-ʾIrāda aš-Šaʿbiyya–Qadri JamilFar-leftSyrian Social Nationalist Party – Intifada Wingالحزب السوري القومي الاجتماعي – جناح الانتفاضةal-Ḥizb al-Sūrī al-Qawmī al-'Ijtimā'ī IntifadaSSNP–IAli HaidarSyncreticSyrian Revolutionary Left Current– – Far-leftNational Coordination Committee for Democratic Change– Hassan Abdel Azim – Solidarity Party–––Arab Democratic Solidarity Party––––Mansour al-Atassi––––– Louay Hussein– – – – Al-Ansar Party–––Democratic Vanguard Party–––National Youth for Justice and Development Party–Parwin Ibrahim–Syrian National Youth PartyḤizb ash-Shabāb al-Watanii as-Sūrī–Maher Merhej–National Initiative for Administration and Change in Syriaالمبادرة الوطنية للإدارة والتغيير في سورياal-Mubadarat al-Wataniat Lil'iidarat wal-Taghyir fi SūrīyāNIACSHassan al-NouriCentre to centre-left–––Kurdish Future Movement in Syria– Mashaal TammoCentreYekiti Kurdistan Party – SyriaPYKSAbdul Baki YousefCentreLaw–Citizenship–Rights MovementQMHHaytham MannaCentre Democratic Union PartyPYDSalih MuslimAsya AbdullahMazloum AbdiLeft-wingKurdish Democratic Unity PartyPYDKSIsmail OmarCentre-leftKurdish Democratic Progressive PartyPDPKSAbd al-Hamid DarwishCentre-left to centre-rightSyrian National Democratic AllianceTWDSAlaedinne KhaledLeft-wingHonor and Rights ConventionCDRMeram DawudLeft-wingCommunist Party of KurdistanKKPMehmet BaranFar-leftSyria's Tomorrow Movement–Ahmad JarbaCentreMarxist–Leninist Communist Party (Turkey)MLKP–Far-leftDemocratic Conservative Party–Humaydi Daham al-HadiCentre-right
Formerly exiled parties PartyAcronymLeader or ChairmanPolitical positionsHizb ut-Tahrirحزب التحريرḤizb at-TaḥrīrHTAta Abu RashtaFar-rightMuslim Brotherhood in Syriaالإخوان المسلمون في سورياal-Ikhwan al-Muslimun fi Sūrīyā–Right-wingSyrian Democratic People's Partyحزب الشعب الديمقراطي السوريḤizb al-Sha'ab ad-Dīmuqrāṭī al-Suriy–Ghias Youn al-SoudCentre-leftCommunist Labour Partyحزب العمل الشيوعيḤizb al-ʿAmal aš-Šuyūʿī–Fateh JamousFar-leftDemocratic Socialist Arab Ba'ath Partyحزب البعث الديمقراطي العربي الاشتراكيḤizb al-Ba‘th ad-Dīmuqrāṭī al-‘Arabī al-Ishtirākī–Ibrahim MakhousFar-leftArab Revolutionary Workers Partyحزب العمال الثوري العربيḤizb al-'Amal al-Thawriy al-‘Arabī–Tariq Abu Al-HassanLeft-wingNational Democratic Rallyالتجمع الوطني الديمقراطيat-tajammuʻ al-waţanī ad-dīmūqrāţīJamal al-AtassiLeft-wingAhrar - Syrian Liberal PartyHizb Ahrar - al-Hizb al-liybiraliu al-SuwriuBassam Al-KuwatliRight-wingKurdistan Democratic Party of Syriaالحزب الديمقراطي الكُردستاني في سورياal-Ḥizb ad-Dīmuqrāṭī al-Kurdistānī fi Sūrīyāپارتی دیموکراتی کوردستان سووریPartiya Demokrat a Kurdistanê li SûriyêKDPSSaud MallaCentreAssyrian Democratic Organizationالمنظمة الآثورية الديمقراطيةal-Munazamat al-Athuriat ad-Dīymūqrātiaܡܛܟܣܬܐ ܐܬܘܪܝܬܐ ܕܝܡܩܪܛܝܬܐMtakasto Othurayto DemoqrotaytoADOGabriel Moushe GawriehCentre-leftSyriac Union Partyحزب الإتحاد السرياني في سورياḤizb al-Ittiḥād al-Siryanii fi Sūrīyāܓܒܐ ܕܚܘܝܕܐ ܣܘܪܝܝܐGabo d'Ḥuyodo SuryoyoSUPIshow GowriyeLeft-wingDemocratic Arab Socialist Unionالاتحاد الاشتراكي العربي الديمقراطيal-Ittiḥād al-Ishtirākī al-'Arabī ad-DīmūqrāṭīASUHassan Abdul AzimLeft-wingAssyrian Democratic Partyالحزب الآشوري الديمقراطيal-Ḥizb al-Ashwry al-Diymuqratiuܓܒܐ ܐܬܘܪܝܐ ܕܝܡܘܩܪܛܝܐGaba Aṯuraya DemoqratayaADPNinos IshoCentre-leftMovement for Justice and Development in Syriaحركة العدالة والبناء في سوريةḤarakat al-'Idalat wal-Bana'a fi SūrīyāMJDAnas al-AbdahCentreNational Salvation Front in Syriaجبهة الخلاص الوطني في سورياJabhat Al-Khalāṣ Al-Waṭanīy fi Sūrīya–Abdul Halim KhaddamCentre-leftReform Party of Syriaحزب الاصلاح السوريḤizb Al-Iṣlāḥ Al-Sūrīy–Farid GhadryCentre
Historical parties National Progressive Front Following the fall of the Assad regime in December 2024, the new Syrian caretaker government banned all political parties that were part of the pro-Assad National Progressive Front.
PartyAcronymLeader or ChairmanPolitical positionsArab Socialist Ba'ath Partyحزب البعث العربي الاشتراكيḤizb al-Ba‘th al-'Arabī al-IshtirākīBAASBashar al-AssadFar-leftSyrian Social Nationalist Partyالحزب السوري القومي الاجتماعيal-Ḥizb al-Sūrī al-Qawmī al-'Ijtimā'īSSNPFares al-SaadSyncreticArab Socialist Movementحركة الاشتراكيين العربḤarakat al-Ishtirakiyeen al-'Arab–Omar Adnan al-AlawiLeft-wingArab Socialist Union Party of Syriaحزب الاتحاد الاشتراكي العربي في سوريةḤizb al-Ittiḥād al-Ishtirākī al-‘Arabī fi SūrīyāASUSafwan al-QudsiLeft-wingSyrian Communist Party (Bakdash)الحزب الشيوعي السوريal-Ḥizb aš-Šhuyū'ī al-Sūrī–Ammar BakdashFar-leftSyrian Communist Party (Unified)الحزب الشيوعي السوري (الموحد)al-Ḥizb aš-Šhuyū'ī al-Sūrī (al-Mowahad)–Najmuddin al-Kharit Far-leftSocial Democratic Unionistsالوحدويون الديمقراطيون الاجتماعيونal-Wahdawiuyun al-Dimukatiyyun al-Ijtima'iyyun––Centre-leftSocialist Unionist Partyحزب الوحدويين الاشتراكيينal-Wahdawiyyun al-Ishtirakiyyun–Fayiz IsmailLeft-wingDemocratic Socialist Unionist Partyالحزب الوحدوي الاشتراكي الديمقراطيal-Ḥizb al-Wahdawi al-Ishtirākī ad-Dīmuqrāṭī–Fadlallah NasreddinLeft-wingArab Democratic Union Partyحزب الاتحاد العربي الديمقراطيḤizb al-Ittiḥād al-‘Arabī ad-Dīmuqrāṭī–Iyad Ghassan OsmanLeft-wingNational Covenant Partyحركة العهد الوطنيḤaraka al-'ahd al-Waṭani–Ghassan OthmanLeft-wing
Other disbanded parties PartyAcronymLeader or ChairmanPolitical positionsArab Communist Partyالحزب الشيوعي العربيal-Ḥizb al-Shuyu'i al-‘Arabī––Far-leftNational Blocالكتلة الوطنيةal-Kutlah al-Waṭaniyya–SeveralBig tentNational Partyحزب الوطنيḤizb al-Waṭanī–Shukri al-QuwatliCentre-rightPeople's Partyحزب الشعبḤizb al-Sha'ab–Rushdi al-KikhyaCentre-rightLeague of Nationalist Actionعصبة العمل القومي'Usbat al-'Amal al-Qawmi–Abd al-Razzaq al-DandashiFar-rightArab National Partyالحزب القومي العربيal-Ḥizb al-Qawmi al-‘Arabī–Zaki al-ArsuziFar-rightArab Ba'ath Movementحركة البعث العربيḤarakat al-Baʽth al-‘Arabī–Michel AflaqSalah al-Din al-BitarLeft-wingSyrian–Lebanese Communist Partyالحزب الشيوعي السوري اللبنانيal-Ḥizb aš-Šhuyū'ī as-Sūrī al-Lubnānī–Khalid BakdashFar-leftSyrian Communist Partyالحزب الشيوعي السوريal-Ḥizb aš-Šuyūʿī as-Sūrī–Khalid BakdashFar-leftArab Liberation Movementحركة التحرر العربيḤarakat at-Taḥrīr al-‘Arabī–Adib ShishakliCentre-rightSocialist Cooperation Partyحزب التعاون الاشتراكيḤizb al-Ta'awun al-Ishtirākī–Faisal Hekmat Al-AsaliCentre-left
See also Politics of Syria Lists of political parties
References