Pengshui Miao and Tujia Autonomous County () is an autonomous county for the Miao and Tujia people located in southeastern Chongqing, China, bordering Guizhou province to the south and southwest and Hubei province to the northeast. It is away from downtown Chongqing.
The county spans an area of , and has a population of 545,094 as of 2010. The county's government is located in .
History During the Shang and Zhou dynasties, the region of contemporary Pengshui belonged to the State of Ba. During the Warring States period, the area belonged to the Qianzhong Commandery, which would later be incorporated into Qin dynasty China.
During the Han dynasty, the area would be reorganized as Fuling County ().
Under the Sui dynasty, in 593 CE, the area was organized as Pengshui County (). Pengshui means "Peng River", which was the old name for the Yu River. During the Tang dynasty, Pengshui County was put under the administration of and . Under the Song dynasty, Pengshui was administered by . Under the Yuan dynasty, it was administered by . By 1645 during the Qing dynasty, it was part of Chongqing Prefecture (). In 1913 (Republic of China), it was part of Dongchuan Circuit (). In 1927, it was reassigned to the Changgong Bureau () of Sichuan Province. And in 1935, of the Eighth Administrative Inspection Area () of Sichuan.
On November 16, 1949, Pengshui was captured by the communists. In January 1950, it was put under the jurisdiction of , under the Chuandong administrative territory (). In September 1952, Fuling Special District was transferred to Sichuan, and was changed to a prefecture in June 1968.
On November 14, 1983 Pengshui was approved as an autonomous county. The official status began November 10 of the following year. In 1987, it was assigned to . In June 1997, it fell under the administration of Chongqing, which it remains today.
Geography
Pengshui Miao and Tujia Autonomous County is located in the Sichuan Basin along the Wu River, in the mountainous region of Wuling. A total of 54.2% of Pengshui is covered by forest. Geographic coordinates: 28°57′29° 51′ North, 107°48′108°36′ East. Altitude of the seat: .
The county is home to three peaks over above sea level: Qiliangzi () at , Baila Mountain () at , and Fenghuang Mountain () at .
Neighbours: North: Shizhu Tujia Autonomous County Northeast: Lichuan City, Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture, Hubei East: Qianjiang District Southeast: Youyang Tujia and Miao Autonomous County South: Yanhe Tujia Autonomous County, Guizhou; Wuchuan Gelao and Miao Autonomous County Southwest: Daozhen Gelao and Miao Autonomous County, Guizhou West: Wulong County Northwest: Fengdu County
Climate The county's average annual temperature is , and the average annual precipitation is .
Demographics
As of the 2010 Chinese Census, the county had a population 545,094, down from the 590,228 reported in the 2000 Chinese Census. In 1996, the county had an estimated population of 587,000.
59.5% of Pengshui residents are members of the following 11 ethnic minorities: Miao, Tujia, Mongols, Hui, Gelao, Dong, Tibetans, Manchus, Zhuang, Yi, and Hani. There are 270,000 Miao and 90,000 Tujia in Pengshui.
Subdivisions The county administers 3 subdistricts, 18 towns, and 18 townships.
3 subdistricts
(汉葭街道) (绍庆街道) (靛水街道) 18 towns (保家镇) (郁山镇) (高谷镇) (桑柘镇) (鹿角镇) (黄家镇) (普子镇) (龙射镇) (连湖镇) (万足镇) (平安镇) (长生镇) (新田镇) (鞍子镇) (太原镇) (龙溪镇) (梅子垭镇) (大同镇)18 townships (岩东乡) (鹿鸣乡) (棣棠乡) (三义乡) (联合乡) (石柳乡) (走马乡) (芦塘乡) (乔梓乡) (诸佛乡) (桐楼乡) (善感乡) (双龙乡) (石盘乡) (大垭乡) (润溪乡) (朗溪乡) (龙塘乡)
Economy Mineral deposits in the county include coal, barite, marble, fluorite, and calcite.
Transportation The Chongqing–Huaihua railway runs through the county. Major expressways which pass through the county include the G65 Baotou–Maoming Expressway and National Highway 319.
References
External links Official site (2020) Official site (2003) Sacrificed to the river god China Daily report on the flooding of Gongtan village for a nearby hydroplant