In military terms, 59th Division may refer to:
Infantry divisions 59th Division (People's Republic of China) 59th Infantry Division (Wehrmacht), Germany 59th Infantry Division "Cagliari", Italian Army of World War II 59th Division (Imperial Japanese Army) 59th Infantry Division (Russian Empire) 59th Guards Motor Rifle Division, Soviet Union 59th Rifle Division, Soviet Union 59th Division (Spain) 59th (2nd North Midland) Division, British infantry division in World War I 59th (Staffordshire) Infantry Division, British infantry division in World War II 59th Infantry Division (United States)
See also List of military divisions by number 59th Army (disambiguation) 59th Brigade (disambiguation) 59th Regiment (disambiguation) 59th Squadron (disambiguation)