Steel Authority of India Limited (SAIL) is an Indian public sector steel manufacturing corporation based in New Delhi designated as Maharatna CPSE. It is the largest government-owned steel producer, with an annual production of 18.29 million metric tons. Incorporated on 24 January 1973, SAIL has 50,001 employees and is under the administrative control of the Ministry of Steel.
SAIL operates and owns five integrated steel plants at Bhilai, Rourkela, Durgapur, Bokaro and Burnpur (Asansol) and three special steel plants at Salem, Durgapur and Bhadravathi. It also owns a Ferro Alloy plant at Chandrapur. It also has an R&D Centre for Iron & Steel (RDCIS) and a Centre for Engineering in Ranchi, Jharkhand.
The company has a total of 692 patents globally, out of which 343 have been granted. More than 64% of the 692 patents are active. SAIL has filed the maximum number of patents in India, followed by Egypt and Germany.
History
1959–1973 SAIL traces its origin to the Hindustan Steel Limited (HSL), which was set up on 19 January 1954. It was initially designed to manage only one plant that was coming up at Rourkela.
For Bhilai and Durgapur Steel Plants, the preliminary work was done by the Iron and Steel Ministry. From April 1957, the supervision and control of these two steel plants were also transferred to Hindustan Steel. The registered office was originally in New Delhi. It moved to Calcutta in July 1956, and ultimately to Ranchi in December 1959.
A new steel company, Bokaro Steel Limited (Bokaro Steel Plant), was incorporated on 29 January 1964 to construct and operate the steel plant at Bokaro. The 1 MT phases of Bhilai and Rourkela Steel Plants were completed by the end of December 1961. The 1 MT phase of Durgapur Steel Plant was completed in January 2008.
After the commissioning of the Wheel and Axle plant. The crude steel production of HSL went up from 1.58 MT (1959–60) to 1.6 MT. The second phase of the Bhilai Steel Plant was completed in September 1967 after the commissioning of the Wire Rod Mill. The last unit of the 1.8 MT phase of Rourkela – the Tandem Mill – was commissioned in February 1968, and the 1.6 MT stage of Durgapur Steel Plant was completed in August 1969 after commissioning of the furnace in SMS. Thus, with the completion of the 2.5 MT stage at Bhilai, 1.8 MT at Rourkela, and 1.6 MT at Durgapur, the total crude steel production capacity of HSL rose to 3.7 MT in 1968–69 and 4 MT in 1972–73. IISCO was taken over as a subsidiary in 1978 and later merged in 2006.
The hot metal production capacity of the company will further increase and is expected to reach 50 MT per annum by 2025.
Holding Company The Ministry formulated a policy statement to revamp industry management, which was presented to Parliament on 2 December 1972. This initiative proposed creating a holding company to oversee both inputs and outputs. Thus, the Steel Authority of India Ltd. (SAIL) was established on 24 January 1973, with an authorized capital of ₹2,000 crore (US$250 million). SAIL's mandate included managing five integrated steel plants and two specialty plants. In 1978, SAIL underwent restructuring to function as an operating company.
Major units
SAIL Integrated Steel Plants Rourkela Steel Plant (RSP); India's first integrated steel plant in the public sector, established through collaboration with Germany. Bhilai Steel Plant (BSP) in Chhattisgarh set up with Soviet collaboration (1959) Durgapur Steel Plant (DSP) at Durgapur, West Bengal set up with British collaboration (1959) Bokaro Steel Plant (BSL) in Jharkhand (1964) set up with Soviet collaboration (The Plant is hailed as the country's first Swadeshi steel plant, built with maximum indigenous content in terms of equipment, material, and know-how) IISCO Steel Plant (ISP) at Burnpur in Asansol, West Bengal (Plant equipped with largest blast furnace of country, modernized in 2015 with investment of 16000 crore which will yield total production of 2.9 million tons annually)
Special Steel Plants
Alloy Steel Plant (ASP), Durgapur, West Bengal supplies to the Indian Ordnance Factories Salem Steel Plant (SSP), Maramangalathupatti, at Salem, Tamil Nadu Visvesvaraya Iron and Steel Limited (VISL), at Bhadravathi, Karnataka
Ferro Alloy Plant Chandrapur Ferro Alloy Plant (CFP) in Maharashtra
Refractory Plants - SAIL Refractory Unit (SRU) SAIL Refractory Unit, Bhandaridah in Jharkhand SAIL Refractory Unit, Bhilai in Chhattisgarh SAIL Refractory Unit, IFICO, Ramgarh in Jharkhand SAIL Refractory Unit, Ranchi Road in Jharkhand
Central units Central Marketing Organisation Centre for Engineering and Technology Research and Development Centre for Iron and Steel SAIL Consultancy Organisation Environment Management Divisionothers_unit_environment . Sail.co.in (28 May 2013). Retrieved on 29 July 2013. Management Training Institute, Ranchi Central Coal Supply Organisation SAIL Collieries Division SAIL Growth Works SAIL Safety Organisation SAIL Digital Transformation Division, Ranchi SAIL Refractory Company Ltd. Joint ventures
NTPC SAIL Power Company Limited (NSPCL) A 50:50 joint venture between Steel Authority of India Ltd. (SAIL) and National Thermal Power Corporation Ltd. (NTPC Ltd.). It manages the captive power plants at Rourkela, Durgapur, and Bhilai with a combined capacity of 314 MW. It has installed additional capacity by the implementation of a 500 MW (2 x 250 MW Units) power plant at Bhilai. The commercial generation of Unit 1 commenced in April 2009, and that of Unit 2 in October 2009.
NSPCL, Rourkela (2 x 60 MW) NSPCL, Durgapur (2 x 60 MW) NSPCL, Bhilai (2 x 30 MW + 1 x 14 MW)
During FY2013-14, NSPCL generated 6156.091 MU of electricity with a PLF of 86.33%
Bokaro Power Supply Company Pvt. Ltd. (BPSCL) Established in 2001, A 50:50 joint venture between Steel Authority of India Ltd. (SAIL) and Damodar Valley Corporation (DVC) and is engaged in power and steam generation and supplies power and steam (at various pressures) to SAIL's Bokaro Steel Plant (BSL) located at Bokaro for meeting the process requirement of BSL.
The plant has 9 boilers (5 boilers each of 220 TPH, 3 boilers each of 260 TPH capacity, and 1 boiler of 300 TPH) and 7 turbine generators (one 12 MW back-pressure turbine generator (TG), 2 TGs each of 55MW capacity, 3 TGs each of 60 MW capacity, and one 36 MW back-pressure turbine generator. Gg TPPBOILERCAPACITY(T/Hr)DATE OF COMMISSIONINGMAKETYPE122017.04.1972Kransy Kotelsic, RussiaTπ-156222014.07.1972322006.04.1974422015.07.1980522023.06.1980TOTAL1100CPP626014.11.1985Rafaco, PolandOPG-260726030.07.1988826019.02.1989TOTAL780UNIT 9930002.09.2014Alstom IndiaPCSM00 6071TOTAL2180
TPPTURBINECAPACITY(MW)DATE OF COMMISSIONINGMAKETYPE112 (BPTG)31.12.1974Kaluga RussiaP-12-90-3725513.07.1972LMZ RussiaK-50-90-435513.10.1973TOTAL122CPP66025.01.1986Zamech Poland9K-6676016.09.198886031.03.1989TOTAL180UNIT 9936 (BPTG)02.09.2014Skoda, Czech Rep.PCSM006 071TOTAL338With 660 TPH (Steam to BSL)
Mjunction services limited Mjunction Services Limited, operating in Information Technology and the Internet, is a 50:50 venture promoted by SAIL and TATA Steel. Founded in February 2001, it is today not only India's largest e-commerce company (having eTransacted worth over Rs. 900 billion till date) but also runs the world's largest eMarketplace for steel.
Bhilai JP Cement Ltd SAIL has incorporated a joint venture company with M/s Jaiprakash Associates Ltd to set up a 2.2 MT slag-based cement plant at Bhilai. The company shall commence cement production at Bhilai by March'2010, whereas clinker production at Satna shall start within 2009.
Bokaro JP Cement Ltd SAIL has incorporated another joint venture company with M/s JaiPrakash Associates Ltd to set up a 2.1 MT cement plant at Bokaro utilising slag from BSL. The project implementation is in progress, with the commencement of cement production likely by July 2011. Bokaro Jaypee cement plant opening ceremony was held by the chief minister of Jharkhand shri. Arjun Munda in 2012.
SAIL&MOIL Ferro Alloys (Pvt.) Limited SAIL has incorporated a joint venture company with Manganese Ore (India) Ltd on 50:50 basis to produce ferro-manganese and silico-manganese required for the production of steel.
International Coal Ventures Pvt. Limited International Coal Ventures Private Limited is a special purpose vehicle set up to achieve the target of making steel PSUs self-reliant in the area of coking coal, a joint venture company has been incorporated composed of five central PSU companies i.e. SAIL, Rashtriya Ispat Nigam Limited (RINL), Coal India Limited and other target countries.
Development of Hajigak iron ore mines in Afghanistan A consortium comprising state-owned NMDC and RINL and private sector steel players—JSW, JSW Ispat, Jindal Steel and Power, and Monnet Ispat and Energy and led by SAIL, plan to invest US$75 million in first phase for the development of Hajigak iron ore mines in Afghanistan. The consortium, in November 2011, had won the mining rights for three iron ore mines which are said to contain 1.28 billion tonnes of rich reserves.
Development of mines through outsourcing SAIL has decided to outsource development of two virgin iron ore mines at Rowghat in Chhattisgarh and Chiria in Jharkhand with an annual capacity of 14 and 15 million tonnes, respectively. The development of each mine is likely to cost between – .
SAIL SCL Limited A 50:50 JV with Government of Kerala where SAIL has management control to revive the existing facilities at Steel Complex Ltd, Calicut and also to set up, develop and manage a TMT rolling mill of 65,000 MT capacity along with balancing facilities and auxiliaries.
International Coal Ventures Private Limited ICVL is a joint venture of five companies owned by the Indian government. Aside from Steel Authority of India Limited, the other venturers are Coal India, Rashtriya Ispat Nigam, National Minerals Development Corporation and National Thermal Power Corporation. ICVL acquired a 65 percent stake in the Benga coal mine from Rio Tinto in July 2014.
SAIL RITES Bengal Wagon Industry Pvt. Limited
SAIL had signed a 50:50 joint venture with RITES for setting up a wagon components manufacturing facility at Kulti in West Bengal's Paschim Bardhaman district. The total investment for this project was in West Bengal, and commercial production began from December 2016. It manufactures, sells, markets, distributes and exports railway wagons, including high-end specialised wagons, wagon prototypes, fabricated components/parts of railway vehicles, rehabilitation of industrial locomotives, etc., for the domestic market.
Ownership and management The Government of India owns about 65% of SAIL's equity and retains voting control of the company. However, SAIL, by virtue of its Maharatna status in May 2010, enjoys significant operational and financial autonomy.
Dr. Ashok Kumar Panda is the current Chairman and Managing Director (CMD).
Operations As of 31 March 2015, SAIL has 93,352 employees, as compared to 170,368 (as of 31 March 2002). There has been a continuous reduction of headcount over the past few years due to enhanced productivity and rationalised manpower.