Cambarellus is a genus of small freshwater crayfish in the family Cambaridae. The 19 species are found in Mexico (subgenus Cambarellus) and the Gulf States of the United States (subgenus Pandicambarus). Among the Mexican species, C. areolatus, C. patzcuarensis, and C. prolixus are considered seriously threatened by the IUCN, and C. alvarezi is already extinct. C. chihuahuae was also believed to be extinct until rediscovered in 2012.Carson, et al. (2015). The rediscovery and precarious status of the Chihuahua dwarf crayfish Cambarellus chihuahuae. Occasional Papers of the Museum of Southwestern Biology 12: 1-7. C. alvarezi and four undescribed, extinct Cambarellus species were restricted to desert spring systems in southwestern Nuevo León; each one shared its habitat with a Cyprinodon pupfish (these are also fully extinct or extinct in the wild).
An orange form of C. patzcuarensis is regularly seen in the freshwater aquarium trade.
Species
The genus contains the following species: Subgenus Cambarellus (Cambarellus) †Cambarellus alvarezi (Villalobos, 1952)Villalobos, A. (1952). Estudios de los cambarinos mexicanos. X. Una nueva especie del genero Cambarellus del Estado de Nuevo Leon. Anales del Instituto de Biologia Universidad de Mexico, 22, 525–532. Cambarellus areolatus (Faxon, 1885)Faxon, W. (1885). A revision of the Astacidæ. Part 1. The genera Cambarus and Astacus. Memoirs of the Museum of Comparative Zoology, 10(4). Cambarellus chapalanus (Faxon, 1898)Faxon, W. (1898). Observations on the Astacidæ in the United States National Museum and in the Museum of Comparative Zoology, with Descriptions of New Species. Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 20, 643–694. †Cambarellus chihuahuae (Hobbs, 1980)Hobbs, H. H., Jr. (1980). New dwarf crayfishes (Decapoda: Cambaridae) from Mexico and Florida. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 93, 194–207. Cambarellus montezumae (de Saussure, 1857)de Saussure, H. (1857). Diagnoses de quelques Crustacés nouveaux de l’Amérique tropicale. Revue et Magasin de Zoologie Pure et Appliquée, 9, 501–505. Cambarellus occidentalis (Faxon, 1898) Cambarellus patzcuarensis (Villalobos, 1943)Villalobos, J. L. (1943). Estudios de los Cambarinos Mexicanos, I. Observaciones sobre Cambarellus montezumae (Saussure) y Algunas de sus Formas con Descripción de una Subspecie Nueva. Anales del Institute de Biologia, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, 14(2), 587–611. Cambarellus prolixus (Villalobos-Figueroa & Hobbs, 1981)Villalobos-Figueroa, A. & Hobbs, H., Jr. (1981). A new dwarf crayfish from the Pacific versant of Mexico (Decapoda: Cambaridae). Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 94(2), 492–502. Cambarellus zacapuensis (Pedraza-Lara & Doadrio, 2015)Pedraza-Lara, C. & Doadrio, I. (2015). A new species of dwarf crayfish (Decapoda: Cambaridae) from central Mexico, as supported by morphological and genetic evidence. Zootaxa, 28(3963), 583–594. Cambarellus zempoalensis (Villalobos, 1943) Subgenus Pandicambarus Cambarellus blacki (Hobbs, 1980) Cambarellus diminutus (Hobbs, 1945)Hobbs, H. H., Jr. (1945). Two new species of crayfishes of the genus Cambarellus from the Gulf Coastal states, with a key to the species of the genus (Decapoda: Astacidae). The American Midland Naturalist, 34(2), 466–474. Cambarellus lesliei (Fitzpatrick & Laning, 1976)Fitzpatrick, J. F. & Laning, B. A. (1976). A new dwarf crayfish (Decapoda: Cambaridae: Cambarellinae) from southwest Alabama and adjacent Mississippi, U. S. A. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 89, 137–146. Cambarellus ninae (Hobbs, 1950)Hobbs, H. H., Jr. (1950). A new crayfish of the genus Cambarellus from Texas (Decapoda, Astacidae). Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 63, 89–96. Cambarellus puer (Hobbs, 1945) Cambarellus rotatus (Schuster & Kendrick, 2017)Schuster, G. A. & Kendrick, M. R. (2017). A new dwarf crayfish (Decapoda: Cambaridae) from floodplain swapms in central Alabama. Zootaxa, 4238(3), 375–384. Cambarus schmitti (Hobbs, 1942)Hobbs, H. H., Jr. (1942b). The Crayfishes of Florida. University of Florida Publications, Biological Science, 3(2). Cambarellus shufeldtii (Faxon, 1884)Faxon, W. (1884). Descriptions of new species of Cambarus; to which is added a synonymical list of the known species of Cambarus and Astacus. Proceedings of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, 20, 107–158. Cambarellus texanus (Albaugh & Black, 1973)Albaugh, D. W. & Black, J. B. (1973). A new crayfish of the genus Cambarellus from Texas, with new Texas distributional records for the genus (Decapoda, Astacidae). The Southwest Naturalist, 18(2), 177–185.
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