Lieutenant General Zorawar Chand 'Zoru' Bakshi PVSM, MVC, VrC, VSM (21 October 1921 or 2 January 1921As given in the pre-Independence Indian Army List. – 24 May 2018) was a General Officer of the Indian Army, most widely known as one of the commanders of Indo-Pakistani War of 1965 (Operation Ablaze). He also has the distinction of being "India's most decorated General".

Family and early life Bakshi was born to Bahadur Bakshi Lal Chand, a decorated soldier in the British Indian Army who held the OBI. He was born in Gulyana in the Rawalpindi District of the Punjab Province of British India. As with many other non-muslims of that region, his family had to shift to the newly-created Dominion of India after the Partition of India, being of Hindu faith. Prior to the partition, he graduated from Rawalpindi's Gordon College in 1942 after which he joined the Indian Military Academy in Dehra Doon.

Military career World War II Bakshi was commissioned into the Baloch Regiment of the British Indian Army in 1943. Later he also did a course at Royal College of Defence Studies (RCDS), UK. His first major battle was against the Japanese in Burma in World War II, where he earned a Mention in Despatches for overcoming a heavily fortified Japanese position. After the liberation of Burma, he participated in the operations to liberate Malaysia from Japanese control, earning a fast-track promotion to the rank of a Major for his role.

Post-Independence Upon the Partition of India in 1947, Bakshi was transferred to the 5th Gorkha Rifles regiment of the Indian Army. In the Indo Pakistani War of 1947-1948, he was awarded a Vir Chakra for his bravery in July 1948. Soon afterward he was awarded the MacGregor Medal in 1949. In 1951, he was selected to attend the Defence Services Staff College in Wellington.

In the victorious Indo-Pakistani War of 1965, Bakshi was instrumental in the capture of the Haji Pir Pass from the Pakistani Forces, for which he was awarded the Maha Vir Chakra. The citation for the Maha Vir Chakra reads as follows:

In the early 1960s he led his battalion in a United Nations Operation to undo the secession of the province of Katanga from Congo, in the process earning a Vishisht Seva Medal. In 1969–1970, he led successful counter-insurgency operations in pockets of North East India, and was promoted to major-general on 23 November 1970. During the Indo-Pakistani War of 1971 he was instrumental in the capture of territory in what is now referred to as the crucial Chicken-Neck Sector, for which he was awarded the Param Vishisht Seva Medal. On 7 September 1974, he was appointed Military Secretary with the rank of lieutenant-general. On 15 December 1976, he was granted an extension of service past his statutory retirement age to 1 January 1979.

He was popularly known as "Zoru" in the Indian Army.

Military awards and decorations

Param Vishisht Seva MedalMaha Vir ChakraVir ChakraVishisht Seva MedalGeneral Service Medal MedalSamar Seva StarPaschimi StarRaksha MedalSangram MedalSainya Seva MedalVidesh Seva MedalIndian Independence Medal25th Anniversary of Independence Medal20 Years Long Service Medal9 Years Long Service MedalMacGregor Medal1939–1945 StarBurma StarWar Medal 1939-1945UN Operation in the Congo

Dates of rank Insignia Rank Component Date of rank Second Lieutenant British Indian Army 27 June 1943 (emergency)27 December 1944 (substantive) Lieutenant British Indian Army 27 December 1943 (war-substantive)3 March 1947 (substantive) Lieutenant Indian Army 15 August 1947Upon independence in 1947, India became a Dominion within the British Commonwealth of Nations. As a result, the rank insignia of the British Army, incorporating the Tudor Crown and four-pointed Bath Star ("pip"), was retained, as George VI remained Commander-in-Chief of the Indian Armed Forces. After 26 January 1950, when India became a republic, the President of India became Commander-in-Chief, and the Ashoka Lion replaced the crown, with a five-pointed star being substituted for the "pip." Major Indian Army 1947 (temporary) Captain Indian Army 27 June 1949 Captain Indian Army 26 January 1950 (recommissioning and change in insignia) Major Indian Army 27 June 1956 Lieutenant-Colonel Indian Army Colonel Indian Army 16 February 1967 Brigadier Indian Army 15 May 1968 Major General Indian Army 23 November 1970 Lieutenant-General Indian Army 7 September 1974

See also Operation Gibraltar

References

Notes

External links Article referring to Bakshi's role in the 1971 Indo-Pak war