Aylacostoma chloroticum is a species of freshwater snail, aquatic gastropod mollusc in the family Hemisinidae. This species is found in Argentina and Paraguay. It was feared that the species had become extinct in the wild as a consequence of the building of the Yacyretá Dam on the Paraná River, but a single small wild population remains.Vogler, Beltramino, Strong & Rumi (2015). A phylogeographical perspective on the ex situ conservation of Aylacostoma (Thiaridae, Gastropoda) from the High Paraná River (Argentina–Paraguay). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 174(3): 487-499. A captive "safety" population is jointly managed by the National University of Misiones and Bernardino Rivadavia Natural Sciences Museum.Vogler (2013). The Radula of the Extinct Freshwater Snail Aylacostoma stigmaticum (Caenofastropoda: Thiaridae) from Argentina and Paraguay. Malacologia 56 (1-2): 329-332. Its relatives A. brunneum, A. guaraniticum and A. stigmaticum from the same region had a similar fate, but the first only survives in captivity (extinct in the wild) and the last two are entirely extinct.
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