Deir Ballut () is a Palestinian town in the Salfit Governorate in the northern West Bank, south west of Nablus. According to the Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics, it had a population of 3,873 in 2017.
Location Deir Ballut is west of Salfit. It is bordered by Kafr ad Dik to its east, Al Lubban al Gharbi to the south, Kafr Qasem to the west, and Rafat to the north.
History Deir Ballut was inhabited during Mamluk rule in Palestine but was emptied of its residents in the 16th century. It was later resettled by people from Kafr ad-Dik.Grossman, D. (1986). "Oscillations in the Rural Settlement of Samaria and Judaea in the Ottoman Period". in Shomron studies. Dar, S., Safrai, S., (eds). Tel Aviv: Hakibbutz Hameuchad Publishing House. p. 347
Earlier remains, including sherds from the Iron Age, Roman, Byzantine, Umayyad/Abbasid and Crusader/Ayyubid eras have been found here.Finkelstein et al, 1997, p. 242
The "great valley" of Wadi Deir Ballut was identified by Charles William Wilson (1836–1905) as the boundary between Judaea and Samaria, as defined by first-century historian Josephus.Wilson, c. 1881, vol 1, p. 232, accessed 31 May 2018
Arab geographer Yaqut al-Hamawi records in 1226 that "Deir al-Ballut was a village of district around ar-Ramla."Le Strange, 1890, p. 428.
Ottoman era In the 18th and 19th centuries, Deir Ballut belonged to the highland region known as Jūrat ‘Amra or Bilād Jammā‘īn. Situated between Dayr Ghassāna in the south and the present Route 5 in the north, and between Majdal Yābā in the west and Jammā‘īn, Mardā and Kifl Ḥāris in the east, this area served, according to historian Roy Marom, "as a buffer zone between the political-economic-social units of the Jerusalem and the Nablus regions. On the political level, it suffered from instability due to the migration of the Bedouin tribes and the constant competition among local clans for the right to collect taxes on behalf of the Ottoman authorities."
In 1838, it was noted as a Muslim village, Deir Balut, in Jurat Merda, south of Nablus.Robinson and Smith, 1841, vol 3, Appendix 2, p. 126
In 1870 Victor Guérin found it to be a village of one hundred and fifty people. However, judging by the extent of the ruins that covered the hill where it stood, Guérin thought it had once been a large city. Most houses were built with large stones.Guérin, 1875, p. 130
In 1882 the PEF's Survey of Western Palestine (SWP) described it as "a small village, partly ruinous, but evidently once a place of greater importance, with rock-cut tombs. The huts are principally of stone. The water supply is from wells."Conder and Kitchener, 1882, SWP II, p. 284 To the west of the village are rock-tombs, from a Christian age.Conder and Kitchener, 1882, SWP II, p. 313
WWI and British Mandate era During World War I, Deir Ballut was the site of a minor engagement between Turkish and British troops on March 12, 1918.
In the 1922 census of Palestine Deir Ballut had a population of 384 inhabitants, all Muslim,Barron, 1923, Table IX, Sub-district of Nablus, p. 26 rising to 532 in the 1931 census, still all Muslim, in a total of 91 houses.Mills, 1932, p. 60
In the 1945 statistics the population was 720, all MuslimGovernment of Palestine, Department of Statistics, 1945, p. 18 while the total land area was 14,789 dunams, according to an official land and population survey.Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. Village Statistics, April, 1945. Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p. 59 Of this, 508 dunams were for plantations and irrigable land, 3,488 for cereals,Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. Village Statistics, April, 1945. Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p. 105 while 63 dunams were classified as built-up (urban) areas.Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. Village Statistics, April, 1945. Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p. 155
Jordanian era In the wake of the 1948 Arab–Israeli War, and after the 1949 Armistice Agreements, Deir Ballut came under Jordanian rule.
In 1961, the population was 1,087.Government of Jordan, Department of Statistics, 1964, p. 26
Post-1967 Since the Six-Day War in 1967, Deir Ballut has been under Israeli occupation.
After the 1995 accords, 5.2% of village land was classified as Area B, the remaining 94.8% as Area C. Israel has confiscated 171 dunums of village land in for the Israeli settlements of Peduel and Alei Zahav.Deir Ballut Town Profile, ARIJ, p. 16
By 2020, there were reports about untreated sewage from the nearby Israeli settlements of Leshem, Peduel and Beit Aryeh-Ofarim being dumped on Deir Ballut land.'Paradise lost': How Israel turned the West Bank into a sewage dump for its settlements, By Shatha Hammad, 21 October 2020, Middle East Eye
In January 2021 the Israeli military authority had some 3,000 olive trees planted by the villagers uprooted. Many has been planted as long as 15 years earlier. The destruction, on the grounds that the area in question was, in Israeli law, Israeli state property, took place six days after a legal appeal had been made against the order. The authorities then stated that the uprooting occurred before knowledge of the filed appeal papers came to their notice.Hagar Shezaf, 'Israeli Authorities Uproot Thousands of Olive Trees Despite Palestinians' Appeal,' Haaretz 25 January 2021.
See also Battle of Tell 'Asur John Macdonald Aiken (paintings from Deir Ballut during WWI)
References
Bibliography
External links Welcome To Dayr Ballut Deir Ballut, IWPS Deir Balut, Welcome to Palestine Survey of Western Palestine, Map 14: IAA, Wikimedia commons Deir Ballut Town (Fact Sheet), Applied Research Institute–Jerusalem (ARIJ) Deir Ballut Town Profile, ARIJ Aerial photo, ARIJ Development Priorities and Needs in Deir Ballut, ARIJ New Colonial Activity in Deir Ballut Village – Salfit District, 12 March 2000, POICA War against trees and sheep, 10 March 2004, POICA Israeli brought wild pigs destroy tens of dunums in Deir Ballut plain, 30 July 2006, POICA Kfar Ad Dik and Deir Ballut in Salfit Governorate receive New Land confiscation Order, 10 January 2007, POICA Deir Ballut's fruitful olive trees cut for Wall Constructions, 3 March 2007, POICA New Military Orders to Halt Construction of Seven Palestinian Houses in the Village of Deir Ballut, 1 October 2007, POICA The Israeli Army to demolish an under-construction school in Deir Ballut Village, 14 February 2008, POICA New house demolition orders in Deir Ballut village, 19 June 2008, POICA Palestinian homes due to be demolished over 'lack of permits' pretext in Deir Ballut Village, 22 September 2010, ARIJ