Olyra is a genus of catfishes of the family Bagridae. This genus occurs throughout South Asia and western Indochina, from India to western Thailand.
In Asia, Olyra species are known as fighting catfish; they are placed in small aquaria to battle one another similar to Siamese fighting fish, and money is bet on the outcome.
Taxonomy The genus Olyra is considered by some authorities to belong to the family Bagridae, though Olyridae is considered valid by Fishbase. The taxonomic status of O. colletii has been a puzzle. It was first described in 1881 by Franz Steindachner as Heptapterus collettii and marked as neotropical in origin. With examination, though, it was determined to more closely match members of Olyra. It may even be a junior synonym of Olyra longicaudata. O. kempi is treated in some literature as a synonym of O. longicaudata.
Species There are currently 8 recognized species in this genus: Olyra astrifera Arunachalam, Raja, Mayden & Chandran, 2013 Olyra burmanica F. Day, 1872 (Long-tail catfish) Olyra collettii (Steindachner, 1881) Olyra horae (Prashad & Mukerji, 1929) Olyra kempi Chaudhuri, 1912 Olyra longicaudata McClelland, 1842 Olyra praestigiosa H. H. Ng & Ferraris, 2016 Ng, H.H. & Ferraris, C.J.Jr. (2016): A new species of anguilliform catfish (Actinopterygii: Siluriformes: Bagridae) from Bangladesh and northeastern India. Zootaxa, 4079 (3): 381-387. Olyra saginata H. H. Ng, Lalramliana & Lalthanzara, 2014
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