was a province of Japan in the area of central Kyoto and east-central Hyōgo Prefectures.Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric. (2005). "Tanba" in . Tanba bordered on Harima, Ōmi, Settsu, Tajima. Tango, Wakasa, and Yamashiro provinces. Its abbreviated form name was . In terms of the Gokishichidō system, Tanba was one of the provinces of the San'indō circuit. Under the Engishiki classification system, Tanba was ranked as one of the "superior countries" (上国) in terms of importance, and one of the "near countries" (近国) in terms of distance from the capital. The provincial capital is believed to have been located in what is now the city of Kameoka, although the exact location remains uncertain. The ichinomiya of the province is the Izumo-daijingū also located in Kameoka. The province had an area of .
History Before the establishment of the Ritsuryō system, the area was under control of the Tanba Kokuzō and included both the Tanba and Tango areas. The province of Tango was created in 713 during the reign of Empress Genmei by separating the northern five districts (Kasa District, Yoza District, Tamba District (later Naka District), Takeno District, and Kumano District) into "Tango", and the districts closer to the capital as "Tanba".Titsingh, Isaac. (1834). The Tanba area is rugged, and can be roughly divided into several river basins separated by mountains. For this reason, historically the province has been difficult to govern as a whole. On the other hand, its proximity to the capital gave it a strategic importance. In 1131 the Tamba Province was give to Taira no Tadamori by the Emporor. It was previously unaproppriated. During the Muromachi period, the Hosokawa clan were the shugo of the province, but governed through their proxies, the Naito clan. During the late Sengoku period, the province was conquered by Akechi Mitsuhide, and after his defeat by Toyotomi Hideyoshi at the Battle of Yamasaki in the aftermath of the assassination of Oda Nobunaga, it was governed by a succession of relatives of the Toyotomi clan. In the Edo Period, Tanba was governed by a mosaic of mostly fudai daimyō domains, who were considered more reliable by the Tokugawa shogunate and who could be called upon when necessary for the defense of Kyoto and Osaka.
+ Bakumatsu period domains Name Clan Type kokudaka Sasayama Aoyama clan Fudai 60,000 koku Tanba-Kameyama Katanobara-Matsudaira clan Fudai 50,000 koku Kaibara Oda clan Tozama 36,000 koku Fukuchiyama Kutsuki clan Fudai 32,000 koku Sonobe Koide clan Fudai 24,000 koku Ayabe Kuki clan Tozama 19,500 koku Yamaga Tani clan Tozama 10.000 koku
Meiji period Following the Meiji restoration, Tanba was divided into six districts.Nussbaum, "Provinces and prefectures" at p. 780. Per the early Meiji period , an official government assessment of the nation’s resources, the province had 970 villages with a total kokudaka of 331,954 koku.
+ Districts of Tango Province District kokudaka Controlled by at present Currently 56,227 koku 218 villages: Tenryō, Imperial family, Kuge, Tanba-Kameyama, Sonobe, Sasayama, Takatsuki most of Kameoka, parts of Nantan, Kyoto, Takatsuki and Toyono 52,140 koku 210 villages: Tenryō, Imperial Family, Sonobe, Tanba-Kameyama, Sasayama, Ayabe Tsurumaki part of Nantan and Kameoka 49,525 koku 136 villages: Tenryō, Ayabe, Yamake, Sonobe, Kaibara, Sasayama, Yunagaya, Okabe dissolved Fukuchiyama, small part of Ayabe 52,059 koku 119 villages: Tenryō, Fukuchiyama, Ayabe, Iino, Tsurumaki, Kaibara, Sasayama, Okabe dissolved Fukuchiyama 68,546 koku 172 villages: Tenryō, Kuge, Kaibara, Tanba-Kameyama, Yunagaya, Tsurumaki, Sanda, Yamakami dissolved Tanba 53,453 koku 115 villages: Sasayama dissolved Tamba-Sayayama, Hyogo
Gallery
Notes
References Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric and Käthe Roth. (2005). Japan encyclopedia. Cambridge: Harvard University Press. ; OCLC 58053128 Titsingh, Isaac. (1834). Annales des empereurs du Japon (Nihon Ōdai Ichiran). Paris: Royal Asiatic Society, Oriental Translation Fund of Great Britain and Ireland. OCLC 5850691.
External links
Murdoch's map of provinces, 1903