This article is a list of languages and dialects that have no native speakers, no spoken descendants, and that diverged from their parent language in Europe.
Currently extinct
Language/dialectFamilyDate of extinctionRegionEthnic group(s)Aeolic GreekIndo-European300s BCAeolis, Boeotia, Lesbos, ThessalyAeoliansAequianIndo-European200s BCEast-central ItalyAequiAkkala SámiUralic29 December 2003Southwest Kola PeninsulaAkkala SámiAlaveseBasque ÁlavaAlavese BasquesAncient BelgianIndo-EuropeanNordwestblockBelgaeAncient MacedonianIndo-European0–300s ADMacedoniaAncient MacedoniansAngel DanishIndo-Europeanafter the 1930sAngelnDanesAndalusi ArabicAfroasiatic1600s ADAl-AndalusAndalusi MuslimsAndalusi RomanceIndo-European1300s ADAl-AndalusMozarabs and MuladíAntrim IrishIndo-European25 February 1983County AntrimIrishArcadocypriot GreekIndo-European300s BCArcadia and CyprusArcadocypriot GreeksArmeno-KipchakTurkic1600s ADCrimeaCrimean ArmeniansArmy SlavicGerman–Czech pidgin1918 ADAustria-HungaryAustro-Hungarian ArmyArran GaelicIndo-European1977 ADIsle of ArranArran GaelsAuregnaisIndo-European1960s ADAlderneyChannel Islanders of AlderneyBasque–Icelandic pidginBasque–Icelandic pidgin1600s ADWestfjordsBasque whalers and IcelandersBatz-sur-Mer BretonIndo-European1960sBatz-sur-MerBretonsBjarmian FinnicUralic1000s ADBjarmalandBjarmiaBjarmian SámiUralicNorthern DvinaBjarmian SámisBohemian RomaniIndo-European1939–1945BohemiaBohemian RomaniBorgarmåletSwedish–Sámi pidgin1700s ADSwedish SápmiSwedes and SámiBotifarraIndo-European20th centuryPalma de MallorcaBotifarra (Mallorca)British LatinIndo-European700s ADRoman Britain; later Anglo-Saxon EnglandBritish RomansBulgarTurkic1200s ADDanubian Bulgaria and Volga BulgariaBulgarsBuriIndo-Europeanwestern SlovakiaBuri tribeBurgundianIndo-European500s ADKingdom of the BurgundiansBurgundiansCamunicUnclassified500–0s BCVal CamonicaCamunniCapraieseIndo-European1900sCapraia IsolaCapraia peopleCeltiberianIndo-European100s ADIberiaCeltiberiansChinatoIndo-Europeanby 1995Malpartida de PlasenciaExtremaduransChwalimIndo-Europeanafter 1945ChwalimChwalimiaksCimmerianIndo-European620–580s BCNorth CaucasusCimmeriansCisalpine GaulishIndo-European50s BCCisalpine GaulCisalpine GaulsCommunity of Villages AragoneseIndo-EuropeanKingdom of AragonAragoneseCrimean GothicIndo-European1700s ADCrimeaCrimean GothsCromartyIndo-European2 October 2012CromartyScotsCumanTurkic1770 ADCumania and HungaryCumansCumbricIndo-European1100s ADCumbriaCumbriansCuronianIndo-European1500s ADCourlandCuroniansDacianIndo-European500s ADDaciaDaciansDalmatianIndo-European10 June 1898DalmatiaDalmatiansDardanianIndo-EuropeanKingdom of DardaniaDardaniDeeside GaelicIndo-European18 March 1984AberdeenshireGaels of AberdeenshireDicianIndo-Europeanearly 1900s ADDobrujaDobrujansEast Sutherland GaelicIndo-European2020SutherlandGaels, Scottish peopleEastern NavarreseBasque 1991NavarreBasquesEbro Valley AragoneseIndo-European1600s ADEbro ValleyAragoneseEiderstedt FrisianIndo-Europeanmid-1800s ADEiderstedtEiderstedt FrisiansElymianIndo-European500–0s BCWestern SicilyElymiansEteocretanUnclassified200s BCCreteEteocretansEteocypriotUnclassified300s BCCyprusEteocypriotsEtruscanTyrsenian0s ADEtruriaEtruscansFaliscanIndo-European100s BCNorthern LazioFalisciFigunIndo-European1920sArrondissement of GrasseFigounsFingallianIndo-European1840–1860sFingalFingalliansFranco-ItalianIndo-European1300s ADNorthern ItalyNorth Italian writersGallaecianIndo-EuropeanGallaeciaGallaeciGalwegian GaelicIndo-European1760 ADGallowayGalwegian GaelsGaulishIndo-European500s ADGaulGaulsGelonianIndo-EuropeanGallaeciaVorsklaGepidianIndo-European600s ADKingdom of the GepidsGepidsGolyadIndo-European1100s ADProtva basinEastern GalindiansGothicIndo-European1700s ADThroughout EuropeGothsHarlingerland FrisianIndo-European1700s ADHarlingerlandEast FrisiansHernicanIndo-European1000–0s BCSoutheast LatiumHerniciHerulianIndo-European500s ADMiddle DanubeHeruliHiberno-LatinIndo-European1100s ADIrelandIrish monksHunnicUnclassified400s ADHunnic EmpireHunsIazychieIndo-European1900sHalychyna, Bukovina, ZakarpattiaUkrainian and Carpatho-Rusyn MoskvophilesIberianUnclassified0–500s ADIberiaIberiansIllyrianIndo-European100s ADIllyriaIllyriansIsla Cristina CatalanIndo-EuropeanIsla CristinaIsla Cristina CatalansIstrian AlbanianIndo-European1800s ADIstriaIstrian AlbaniansJassicIndo-European1400s ADJászságJászJudaeo-AragoneseIndo-Europeanafter 1492 ADAragonAragonese JewsJudaeo-CatalanIndo-Europeanafter 1492 ADCatalan CountriesCatalonian JewsJudaeo-PiedmonteseIndo-EuropeanPiedmontPiedmontese JewsJudaeo-PortugueseIndo-European1800–1820s ADPortugalPortuguese JewsJudeo-GasconIndo-EuropeanGasconySpanish and Portuguese JewsJudeo-LivorneseIndo-EuropeanAfter August 18, 1962LivornoLivornese JewsJudeo-MantuanIndo-European1900sMantuaMantuan JewsJudeo-ProvençalIndo-Europeanmid-1900sProvenceProvençal JewsJudeo-SalentinianIndo-EuropeanSalentoSalento JewsJudeo-Sicilian GreekIndo-EuropeanSicilySicilian JewsJudeo-VenetianIndo-European1900s VeniceVenetian JewsKainuu SámiUralic1700s ADKainuuKainuu SámiKaramanli TurkishTurkic1800sGreece, Bulgaria and North MacedoniaKaramanlidesKemi SámiUralic1900sSouthern Finnish LaplandKemi SámiKhazarTurkic1100s ADKhazar KhaganateKhazarsKizlar–MozdokianKartvelianKizlyar and MozdokGeorgiansKlezmer-loshnIndo-European1900s ADEastern EuropeKlezmorimKnaanicIndo-European1600s ADCentral EuropeWest Slavic JewsKraasnaUralic1935-1939 ADKrasnogorodskKraasna EstoniansKrevinianUralic1800s ADLatviaKreevinsLachoudischIndo-European2022 ADSchopflochJews of BavariaLaiuse RomaniMixed Romani–Estonian1940s ADLaiuseRomani of LaiuseLanuvianIndo-European500s BCLanuviumLanuviansLeinster IrishIndo-EuropeanLeinsterIrish of LeinsterLeivuUralic1988 ADGaujaGauja EstoniansLemnianTyrsenian400s BCLemnosLemniansLeponticIndo-European0s BCCisalpine Gaul and RaetiaLepontiiLiburnianIndo-European200s BC-300s ADLiburniaLiburniansLigurianIndo-European100s ADLiguriaLiguresLocrian GreekIndo-EuropeanLocrisLocriansLombardicIndo-European800s ADPannonia and ItalyLombardsLotegorischIndo-EuropeanLeiningerlandJews of Rhineland-PalatinateLudzaUralic2006 or 2014LatgaleLudza EstoniansLusitanianIndo-European100s ADLusitaniaLusitaniansMalkhNortheast CaucasianNorth CaucasusMalkhManxIndo-European27 December 1974Isle of ManManx peopleMarcho-MagdeburgianIndo-EuropeanAltmark and MagdeburgMarsianIndo-European150s BCMarsicaMarsiMarrucinianIndo-European200s BCChietiMarruciniMeryaUralic1700s ADUpper Volga regionMeryansMeshcheraUralic1500s ADMeshchera LowlandsMeshcheraMessapicIndo-European100s BCSalentoMessapiansMinoanUnclassified1450s BCCreteMinoansMoselle RomanceIndo-European1000s ADThe MosellePeople along the MoselleMuglisanoIndo-European1898Province of TriesteFriuliansMurcian CatalanIndo-European1800s ADRegion of MurciaMurciansMuromianUralic900s ADOka basinMuromiansMycenaean GreekIndo-European1200s BCMycenaean GreeceMycenaean GreeksMysianIndo-European0s BCBalkansMysiansNavarrese RomanceIndo-European1600s ADKingdom of NavarreNavarreseNoricIndo-European100s ADNoricumNoriciNornIndo-European1850 ADNorth-western European language evolution: NOWELE, vols. 50–51 (Odense University Press, 2007), p. 240Northern Isles and CaithnessNorse settlement of Northern Isles and CaithnessNorth PiceneUnclassified1000–0s BCNorth PicenumNorth PicentesNorthern ManxIndo-European1940s ADThe Cambridge Encyclopedia of Language (David Crystal, editor); Cambridge University Press, 1987; p. 303: "The Isle of Man was wholly Manx-speaking until the 18th century... the last mother-tongue speakers died in the late 1940s"Northern part of the Isle of ManNorthern ManxOenotrianIndo-European400s BCSouthern ItalyOenotriansOld NovgorodIndo-European1500s ADNovgorod RepublicNovgorodiansOld PrussianIndo-European1700s ADPrussiaOld PrussiansOld PskovIndo-European1400s ADPskov RepublicPskoviansOld RiojanIndo-European1200s ADLa RiojaRiojansOld South FrisianIndo-EuropeanGermany or Netherlands?South FrisiansOld Kentish Sign LanguageLanguage isolateKentDeaf Kentish peopleOscanIndo-European0s AD Page 2 in the online version.Campania and Latium adiectumOsciPaduanIndo-European1600s ADPaduaPaduansPaelignianIndo-European100s BCValle PelignaPaeligniPaeonianIndo-EuropeanPaeoniaPaeoniansPaleo-CorsicanUnclassifiedCorsicaAncient CorsiPaleo-SardinianUnclassified100s ADSardiniaNuragic peoplesPamphylian GreekIndo-EuropeanPamphyliaPamphyliansPannonian AvarUnclassified800s ADPannonian BasinPannonian AvarsPannonian RomanceIndo-European1100s ADPannoniaLatin PannoniansPantellerian ArabicAfroasiatic1700s ADPantelleriaPantelleriansPechenegTurkic1100s ADEastern EuropePechenegsPelasgianUnclassifiedAegean IslandsPelasgiansPhrygianIndo-European400 ADBalkansBrygesPictishIndo-European1000s ADNorthern ScotlandPictsPolabianIndo-European3 October 1756 ADNortheastern GermanyPolabian Slavs, DrevaniPontic ScythianIndo-European0s BCScythiansPontic–Caspian steppePomeranian BalticIndo-European1000s BCBaltic PomeraniaPomeranian BaltsPraenestinianIndo-European500s BCPalestrinaPraenestiniansPrague GermanIndo-Europeanafter 1945PraguePrague GermansPre-SamniteIndo-European500s BCCampaniaPre-SamnitesPunicAfroasiatic600s ADIberia, Malta, Sicily, Sardinia and the Balearic IslandsCarthaginiansRaniIndo-European1404 ADWerner Besch, Sprachgeschichte: Ein Handbuch zur Geschichte der deutschen Sprache und ihrer Erforschung2nd edition, Walter de Gruyter, 1998, p.2707, Rügen (Rȯjana)RaniRhaeticTyrsenian0s BCRaetiaRaetiRotvælskIndo-European1900s ADBakker, P. & Nielsen, F.S., 2011. Goddeis genter! Mål & mæle, 34(1), pp.13–18.DenmarkNatmændsfolkRugianIndo-EuropeanLower AustriaRugiiRussenorskRussian–Norwegian pidgin1900s ADNorthern NorwayPomors and NorwegiansSabineIndo-European300s–200s BCSabinaSabinesSabirRomance-based Pidgin1800s ADMediterranean BasinMedieval traders and CrusadersSalaca LivonianUralic1868SalacaLivoniansSelonianIndo-European1500s ADSeloniaSeloniansSemigallianIndo-European1500s ADSemigalliaSemigalliansShirvani ArabicAfroasiatic1850–1890s ADDagestan, AzerbaijanCaucasian ArabsSicanianUnclassified300s BCCentral SicilySicaniSiculianIndo-European300s BCEastern SicilySicelsSidiciniIndo-EuropeanSidicinumSidiciniSkalvianIndo-European1200s ADScaloviaSkalviansSkirianIndo-EuropeanNorth of the Middle DanubeSciriSlovincianIndo-European1900s ADNorthwestern KashubiaSlovinciansSolombala EnglishEnglish–Russian pidgin1800s ADSolombala ShipyardEnglish and Russian tradersSorothapticIndo-European100s ADCatalan CountriesUrnfield cultureSouth PiceneIndo-European300s BCSouth PicenumSouth PicentesSouthern Goesharde FrisianIndo-European1981 ADSouthern GoeshardeFrisians of South GoeshardeSudovianIndo-European1500s ADYotvingiaYotvingiansSuebianIndo-European500s ADElbe basin and northwestern IberiaSuebiTartessianUnclassified100s BCTartessosTartessiansTergestinoIndo-European1889Province of TriesteFriuliansThracianIndo-European500s ADThraciaThraciansTraveller DanishMixed Danish–Romaniearly 1900s ADDenmarkRomaniUbykhNorthwest Caucasian7 October 1992UbykhiaUbykhUmbrianIndo-European0s BCUmbriaUmbriUpgant FrisianIndo-Europeanmid-1600s ADUpgant-SchottFrisians of Upgant-SchottValencian AragoneseIndo-European1400s ADKingdom of ValenciaValenciansVandalicIndo-European500s ADVandal kingdomsVandalsVärmland SavonianUralic1969 ADVärmlandForest FinnsVeneticIndo-European0s BCVenetoAdriatic VenetiVestinianIndo-European100s BCAbruzzoVestiniVolscianIndo-European200s BCVolsciaVolsciVoynicheseUnclassified1400s ADItalyVoynichese speakersWangerooge FrisianIndo-European22 November 1950WangeroogeWangerooge FrisiansWelsh RomaniIndo-European1950 ADWalesRomaniWest GalindianIndo-European1300s ADPrussiaWestern GalindiansWursten FrisianIndo-European1810–1830s ADLand WurstenFrisians of Land WurstenYolaIndo-European1800s ADForth and BargyNorman Irish of Forth and BargyZarphaticIndo-European1300s ADNorthern France and western GermanyFrench Jews
Formerly extinct